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公开(公告)号：US5734124A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-31
申请号：US616571
申请日：1990-11-05
CPC分类号： C06B21/0058 , C06B21/005 , C06B31/00 , C06B31/28 , C06B47/00 , C06B47/08
摘要： Inorganic nitrate oxidizers are combined in novel eutectic compositions which place the oxidizers in liquid form at ambient temperatures. These liquid combinations are then used in the preparation of a wide variety of energetic formulations, notably solution and emulsion propellants.
摘要翻译： 无机硝酸盐氧化剂在新型共晶组合物中组合，将环境温度下的氧化剂置于液态。 然后将这些液体组合物用于制备各种能量制剂，特别是溶液和乳液推进剂。
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公开(公告)号：US3939071A
公开(公告)日：1976-02-17
申请号：US496482
申请日：1974-08-12
CPC分类号： B01J49/0069
摘要： An improved, closed-cycle process for regeneration of weakly acidic spent cation resins and for the recovery and recycle of the regenerants is disclosed. The improvement resides in the use of hydroxy or alkoxy substituted carboxylic acids as the cation resin regenerant. These acids and their metal salts are soluble and are high boiling and do not form azeotropes. When the spent cation regenerant is combined with the spent anion regenerant such as an amine salt, a weak, dissociable complex of the regenerants is formed and the metal salt is reconstituted. The complex is dissociated, preferably by distillation, into the separate regenerants which are recycled and the salt is recovered.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于弱酸性废阳离子树脂的再生的改进的闭环方法以及再生剂的回收和再循环。 改进在于使用羟基或烷氧基取代的羧酸作为阳离子树脂再生剂。 这些酸及其金属盐是可溶的并且是高沸点并且不形成共沸物。 当废阳离子再生剂与废阴离子再生剂如胺盐结合时，形成再生剂的弱的可离解的络合物，并重新构成金属盐。 络合物优选通过蒸馏分离成分离的再生剂，其再循环并回收盐。
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公开(公告)号：US5847315A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-08
申请号：US758431
申请日：1996-11-29
CPC分类号： C06B23/007 , C06B31/32 , C06B45/105 , C06D5/06
摘要： An ignitable solid gas generating composition comprises a polyalkylammonium binder, usually polyvinylamine nitrate or polyethyleneimmonium nitrate, an oxidizer mixture comprising ammonium nitrate and a first additive which produces an eutectic melt which is liquid at a temperature well below the melting point of the ammonium nitrate as well as that of the first additive, and an additional quantity of the ammonium nitrate and a second additive. Further, combustion modifier additives may be added to the composition.
摘要翻译： 可点燃的固体气体产生组合物包括聚烷基铵粘合剂，通常为聚氨基乙烯胺硝酸盐或聚乙烯亚硝酸铵，包含硝酸铵和第一添加剂的氧化剂混合物，其产生在远低于硝酸铵熔点的温度下为液体的共晶熔体 作为第一种添加剂的添加剂和另外量的硝酸铵和第二种添加剂。 此外，可以向组合物中加入燃烧改性剂添加剂。
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公开(公告)号：US5837931A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-17
申请号：US902370
申请日：1992-06-22
CPC分类号： C06B21/0058 , C06B21/005 , C06B31/00 , C06B31/28 , C06B47/00 , C06B47/08
摘要： Inorganic nitrate oxidizers are combined in novel eutectic compositions which place the oxidizers in liquid form at ambient temperatures. These liquid combinations are then used in the preparation of a wide variety of energetic formulations, notably solution and emulsion propellants.
摘要翻译： 无机硝酸盐氧化剂在新型共晶组合物中组合，将环境温度下的氧化剂置于液态。 然后将这些液体组合物用于制备各种能量制剂，特别是溶液和乳液推进剂。
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公开(公告)号：US5665239A
公开(公告)日：1997-09-09
申请号：US585821
申请日：1996-01-16
CPC分类号： B01J47/105 , B01J39/046
摘要： Processes for deionization and demineralization of a fluid containing ions comprising:(a) Loading an amine or ammonia buffer onto a first weakly acidic cation exchange resin to occupy cation exchange sites and to form a first bed comprising a first amine-buffered resin;(b) Passing said fluid containing ions through said first bed comprising said first amine-buffered resin and exchanging cations of said fluid for amine cations of said first amine-buffered resin to form a first effluent comprising an anion-buffer salt complex;(c) Passing said anion-buffer salt complex through a first weakly basic anion exchange resin where an anion portion of said anion-buffer salt complex is split from said anion-buffer salt complex by adsorption of said anion portion onto said weakly basic anion exchange resin to form a second effluent comprising buffer in free hydrated base form;(d) Passing said buffer in free hydrated base form to a second weakly acidic cation exchange resin where said buffer loads onto said second weakly acidic cation exchange resin as in step (a) and repeating the process of steps (b)-(d); and(e) Regenerating said first weakly acidic cation exchange resin with an organic acid.
摘要翻译： 含离子流体的去离子和去矿物质的方法包括：（a）将胺或氨缓冲剂加载到第一弱酸性阳离子交换树脂上以占据阳离子交换位点并形成包含第一胺缓冲树脂的第一床; （b）使含有离子的所述流体通过包含所述第一胺缓冲树脂的所述第一床和所述流体的阳离子交换所述第一胺缓冲树脂的胺阳离子，以形成包含阴离子 - 缓冲盐络合物的第一流出物; （c）使所述阴离子 - 缓冲盐络合物通过第一弱碱性阴离子交换树脂，其中所述阴离子 - 缓冲盐络合物的阴离子部分从所述阴离子 - 缓冲盐络合物中分离，通过将所述阴离子部分吸附到所述弱碱性阴离子交换 树脂以形成包含游离水合碱形式的缓冲液的第二流出物; （d）将所述缓冲液以游离水合碱形式通入第二弱酸性阳离子交换树脂，其中如步骤（a）中所述缓冲剂负载在所述第二弱酸性阳离子交换树脂上，并重复步骤（b） - （d）的方法， ; 和（e）用有机酸再生所述第一弱酸性阳离子交换树脂。
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公开(公告)号：US4017429A
公开(公告)日：1977-04-12
申请号：US540776
申请日：1975-01-14
CPC分类号： C07C67/26 , B01J31/04 , B01J2231/48
摘要： This patent describes the catalytic promotion of the reaction of oxirane-containing compounds with carboxylic acid compounds at high, ambient, and low temperature. Specifically, this patent describes the method of reacting oxirane-containing compounds with carboxyl-containing compounds, preferably at temperatures at or around ambient, in the presence of active chromium III tricarboxylate salts which have unoccupied coordination sites. More specifically this patent describes the preparation of catalytically active chromium III-tricarboxylates from normally catalytically inactive chromium III tri-carboxylate hydrates. These compounds are powerful catalysts for the reactions of oxirane compounds with both organic carboxylic acids and cyclic primary imides.
摘要翻译： 该专利描述了在高，环境和低温下催化促进含环氧乙烷的化合物与羧酸化合物的反应。 具体地，该专利描述了在具有未占据的配位点的活性三羧酸三烷基铬盐的存在下，使环氧乙烷化合物与含羧基化合物反应的方法，优选在环境温度或周围温度下进行。 更具体地说，该专利描述了从正常催化惰性的三价铬三羧酸盐水合物制备催化活性的三羧酸铬。 这些化合物是环氧乙烷化合物与有机羧酸和环状初级酰亚胺反应的强大催化剂。
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公开(公告)号：US5863438A
公开(公告)日：1999-01-26
申请号：US856897
申请日：1997-05-15
CPC分类号： B01J47/105 , B01J39/046
摘要： Processes for deionization and demineralization of a fluid containing ions comprising:(a) Loading an amine or ammonia buffer onto a first weakly acidic cation exchange resin to occupy cation exchange sites and to form a first bed comprising a first amine-buffered resin;(b) Passing said fluid containing ions through said first bed comprising said first amine-buffered resin and exchanging cations of said fluid for amine cations of said first amine-buffered resin to form a first effluent comprising an anion-buffer salt complex;(c) Passing said anion-buffer salt complex through a first weakly basic anion exchange resin where an anion portion of said anion-buffer salt complex is split from said anion-buffer salt complex by adsorption of said anion portion onto said weakly basic anion exchange resin to form a second effluent comprising buffer in free hydrated base form;(d) Passing said buffer in free hydrated base form to a second weakly acidic cation exchange resin where said buffer loads onto said second weakly acidic cation exchange resin as in step (a) and repeating the process of steps (b)-(d); and(e) Regenerating said first weakly acidic cation exchange resin with an organic acid.
摘要翻译： 含离子流体的去离子和去矿物质的方法包括：（a）将胺或氨缓冲剂加载到第一弱酸性阳离子交换树脂上以占据阳离子交换位点并形成包含第一胺缓冲树脂的第一床; （b）使含有离子的所述流体通过包含所述第一胺缓冲树脂的所述第一床和所述流体的阳离子交换所述第一胺缓冲树脂的胺阳离子，以形成包含阴离子 - 缓冲盐络合物的第一流出物; （c）使所述阴离子 - 缓冲盐络合物通过第一弱碱性阴离子交换树脂，其中所述阴离子 - 缓冲盐络合物的阴离子部分从所述阴离子 - 缓冲盐络合物中分离，通过将所述阴离子部分吸附到所述弱碱性阴离子交换 树脂以形成包含游离水合碱形式的缓冲液的第二流出物; （d）将所述缓冲液以游离水合碱形式通入第二弱酸性阳离子交换树脂，其中如步骤（a）中所述缓冲剂负载在所述第二弱酸性阳离子交换树脂上，并重复步骤（b） - （d）的方法， ; 和（e）用有机酸再生所述第一弱酸性阳离子交换树脂。
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公开(公告)号：US4028234A
公开(公告)日：1977-06-07
申请号：US614428
申请日：1975-09-18
CPC分类号： B01J39/046
摘要： An improved process for water demineralization involving the use of a first separate column of weakly acidic cation exchange resin, a second separate column of weakly basic anion exchange resin and a third separate column of weakly acidic cation exchange resin. The cation resin is buffered with an at least dihydroxy-substituted amine. When the saline feed is passed through the system, the cations of the feed are exchanged for the buffer, releasing buffered salts. The buffered salts when passed through the anion exchange column are split, releasing the buffer that is then deposited on the third cation resin column. The latter column is then used as the first separate column during the next demineralization cycle. Thus, the buffer is internally looped which prevents contamination of the product water and also resulting in a saving of buffer. This process allows the efficient use of weak cation and anion exchange resins in a separate, fixed-bed configuration.
摘要翻译： 涉及使用弱酸性阳离子交换树脂的第一分离柱，弱碱性阴离子交换树脂的第二分离柱和弱酸性阳离子交换树脂的第三分离柱的水脱矿质改进方法。 阳离子树脂用至少二羟基取代的胺缓冲。 当盐水进料通过系统时，将进料的阳离子交换为缓冲液，释放缓冲盐。 缓冲盐通过阴离子交换柱时被分离，释放缓冲液，然后沉积在第三阳离子树脂柱上。 然后，后一列在下一个去矿化循环期间用作第一个分离柱。 因此，缓冲器是内部循环的，其防止产品水的污染并且还导致缓冲器的节省。 该方法允许在单独的固定床构型中有效地使用弱阳离子和阴离子交换树脂。
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公开(公告)号：US3978026A
公开(公告)日：1976-08-31
申请号：US475546
申请日：1974-06-03
CPC分类号： C08G59/685
摘要： This patent describes a method of catalyzing the reaction of organic polybasic acid anhydrides with at least one oxirane which comprises carrying out the reacton in the presence of an effective catalytic amount of a synergistic catalyst mixture comprising an active chromium III tricarboxylate salt haing unoccupied coordination sites and any compound capable of polarizing the carboxlyic acid anhydride to yield a reactive carboxylic acid moiety. Preferred compounds as the cocatalyst member include one or more members selected from the group consisting of the alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, and alkaryl tri-substituted compounds of the following types: quaternary ammonium hydroxides; quarternary phosphonium halides; arsines; amine oxides; sulfoxides; tertiary aminophenols; trihydrocarbon phosphine oxides; trihydrocarbon phosphines; tertiary amines, and combinations thereof, each alone or in combination with a phenol or other reactive promoter such as, carboxylic acids and alcohols; and compounds containing two or more co-catalytic functional groups in the same molecule such as alkyl phosphoramides, alone or in combination with any and all of (1) any of the members, (2) phenols or other reactive promoters. Also the invention pertains to a novel class of mixed catalysts which act synergistically for promoting the reaction of oxirane oxygen groups with curing (crosslinking) or chain extensions. agents.
摘要翻译： 该专利描述了一种催化有机多元酸酐与至少一个环氧乙烷的反应的方法，该方法包括在有效催化量的协同催化剂混合物存在下进行反应，所述协同催化剂混合物包含活泼的III族三羧酸盐， 任何能够使羧酸酐偏振以产生反应性羧酸部分的化合物。 作为助催化剂成分的优选化合物包括选自下列类型的烷基，芳基，芳烷基和烷芳基三取代化合物的一种或多种：季铵氢氧化物; 季铵卤化物; ines 氧化胺; 亚砜 叔氨基酚; 三烃基氧化膦; 三烃基膦; 叔胺及其组合，各自单独或与酚或其它反应性促进剂如羧酸和醇组合; 以及在同一分子中含有两个或更多个辅催化官能团的化合物，例如烷基磷酰胺，单独或与（1）任何成员，（2）酚或其它反应性促进剂中的任何和全部组合。 本发明还涉及一种新型的混合催化剂，其协同作用促进环氧乙烷氧基与固化（交联）或链延伸的反应。 代理商
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公开(公告)号：US3968135A
公开(公告)日：1976-07-06
申请号：US389079
申请日：1973-08-17
CPC分类号： B01J31/04 , B01J31/2226 , B01J2231/48 , B01J2531/62
摘要： This patent describes the catalytic promotion of the reaction of oxirane-containing compounds with carboxylic acid compounds at high, ambient, and low temperature. Specifically, this patent describes the method of reacting oxirane-containing compounds with carboxyl-containing compounds, preferably at temperatures at or around ambient, in the presence of active chromium III tricarboxylate salts which have unoccupied coordination sites. More specifically this patent describes the preparation of catalytically active chromium III-tricarboxylates from normally catalytically inactive chromium III tri-carboxylate hydrates. These compounds are powerful catalysts for the reactions of oxirane compounds with both organic carboxylic acids and cyclic primary imides.
摘要翻译： 该专利描述了在高，环境和低温下催化促进含环氧乙烷的化合物与羧酸化合物的反应。 具体地，该专利描述了在具有未占据的配位点的活性三羧酸三烷基铬盐的存在下，使环氧乙烷化合物与含羧基化合物反应的方法，优选在环境温度或周围温度下进行。 更具体地说，该专利描述了从正常催化惰性的三价铬三羧酸盐水合物制备催化活性的三羧酸铬。 这些化合物是环氧乙烷化合物与有机羧酸和环状初级酰亚胺反应的强大催化剂。
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