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    Dewaxing by a combination centrifuge/catalytic process including solvent deoiling
    4.
    发明授权
    Dewaxing by a combination centrifuge/catalytic process including solvent deoiling 失效
    通过组合离心机脱蜡/催化过程，包括溶剂脱油

    公开(公告)号：US4477333A

    公开(公告)日：1984-10-16

    申请号：US552701

    申请日：1983-11-17

    申请人： Mahmoud M. Hafez

    发明人： Mahmoud M. Hafez

    IPC分类号： C10G73/02 ,  C10G73/06 ,  C10G73/28

    CPC分类号： C10G73/02

    摘要： A hydrocarbon dewaxing process comprising the steps of:(a) chilling the waxy hydrocarbon feed to be dewaxed in the absence of solvent to crystallize a portion of the hard wax;(b) introducing the hydrocarbon feed to be dewaxed into a centrifuge;(c) centrifuging the solvent free hydrocarbon feed thereby generating two streams, stream (I) comprising a major portion of oil with a minor portion of entrained wax, stream (II) comprising a major portion of wax with a minor portion of entrained oil;(d) adding a dewaxing solvent to stream (II) generating a slurry A;(e) feeding slurry A to a centrifuge thereby separating slurry A into an oil-solvent stream (III) and a wax-solvent stream (IV);(f) passing the oil-solvent stream (III) to a membrane separation unit wherein the stream is separated into a recycle solvent stream and an oil-solvent stream of reduced solvent content (stream V);(g) passing oil-solvent stream (V) to an oil recovery unit wherein the stream is separated into a recycle solvent stream and an oil stream (VI);(h) passing the wax-solvent stream (IV) of step (e) to a wax recovery unit wherein the stream is separated into a recycle solvent stream and a recovered wax product stream;(i) combining wax-oil stream (I) of step (c) with oil stream (VI) of step (g) and passing the combined stream to a catalytic dewaxing unit wherein the combined waxy oil stream, in the presence of hydrogen, is contacted with a catalyst and has its wax content reduced, thereby generating a dewaxed oil product stream.

    摘要翻译： 一种烃脱蜡方法，包括以下步骤：（a）在不存在溶剂的情况下使待脱蜡的蜡质烃进料冷却以使一部分硬蜡结晶; （b）将要脱蜡的烃进料引入离心机中; （c）离心无溶剂的烃进料，从而产生两股料流，包含主要部分油的少量部分夹带蜡的料流（I），包含主要部分蜡的少量夹带油的料流（II）; （d）向产生浆料A的料流（II）中加入脱蜡溶剂; （e）将浆料A供给到离心机中，从而将浆料A分离成油溶剂流（III）和蜡 - 溶剂流（IV）; （f）使油溶剂流（III）通过膜分离单元，其中流被分离成循环溶剂流和减少溶剂含量的油溶剂流（流V）; （g）将油溶剂流（V）通入油回收单元，其中流被分离成循环溶剂流和油流（VI）; （h）将步骤（e）的蜡 - 溶剂流（IV）通入蜡回收单元，其中将物流分离成循环溶剂流和回收的蜡产物流; （i）将步骤（c）的蜡 - 油流（I）与步骤（g）的油流（VI）组合，并将合并的流送入催化脱蜡装置，其中在氢气存在下， 与催化剂接触并且其蜡含量降低，从而产生脱蜡油产品流。

    Hollow fiber module built up from concentric cylinders of hollow fibers
    5.
    发明授权
    Hollow fiber module built up from concentric cylinders of hollow fibers 失效
    中空纤维模块由中空纤维的同心圆筒组成

    公开(公告)号：US5183566A

    公开(公告)日：1993-02-02

    申请号：US732256

    申请日：1991-07-18

    申请人： Charles F. Darnell ,  Mahmoud M. Hafez

    发明人： Charles F. Darnell ,  Mahmoud M. Hafez

    IPC分类号： B01D63/04

    CPC分类号： B01D63/043 ,  B01D63/021 ,  B01D63/04

    摘要： A method for producing large diameter hollow fiber membrane modules and the modules made by the method are disclosed. The method involves the production of sub assemblies comprising a central assembly and a number of concentric ring assemblies which fit around each other and the central assemble. These sub assemblies, when fitted together can then be potted or glued and permitted to set.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种制造大直径中空纤维膜组件的方法和由该方法制成的模块。 该方法包括生产包括中心组件和多个彼此围绕和中心组装的同心环组件的子组件。 这些子组件安装在一起后，可以进行盆栽或胶合并允许固定。

    Membrane separation of uncoverted carbon fiber precursors from flux solvent and/or anti-solvent
    6.
    发明授权
    Membrane separation of uncoverted carbon fiber precursors from flux solvent and/or anti-solvent 失效
    从助焊剂溶剂和/或反溶剂中分离未转化的碳纤维前体

    公开(公告)号：US4606903A

    公开(公告)日：1986-08-19

    申请号：US603029

    申请日：1984-04-27

    申请人： Mahmoud M. Hafez ,  Laura E. Black

    发明人： Mahmoud M. Hafez ,  Laura E. Black

    IPC分类号： B01D61/02 ,  B01D61/08 ,  C10C3/00 ,  D01F9/145 ,  D01F9/32 ,  D01F9/12

    CPC分类号： D01F9/322 ,  B01D61/025 ,  B01D71/64 ,  C10C3/00 ,  D01F9/145

    摘要： Flux solvents and/or pitch neomesophase anti-solvents used in the generation of carbon fiber precursors from pitch are separated from mixtures of such solvent and uncoverted carbon fiber precursors by contacting said mixtures with asymmetric hydrophobic membranes under conditions of reverse osmosis. The membranes used in this separation are asymmetric polyimide membranes and asymmetric polyvinylidene fluoride membranes. Separation conditions include a contacting pressure sufficient to overcome the osmotic pressure of the solvent. The pressure is typically about 300 to 1000 psi. Contacting temperature is about 0.degree. to 100.degree. C., preferably about 20.degree. to 80.degree. C. The membrane of choice is an asymmetric polyimide membrane.

    摘要翻译： 通过在反渗透条件下使所述混合物与不对称疏水膜接触，将从沥青产生碳纤维前体所用的助熔溶剂和/或沥青新单体相溶剂与这些溶剂和未转化的碳纤维前体的混合物分离。 在这种分离中使用的膜是不对称聚酰亚胺膜和不对称聚偏二氟乙烯膜。 分离条件包括足以克服溶剂的渗透压的接触压力。 压力通常为约300至1000psi。 接触温度约为0℃至100℃，优选约20℃至80℃。所选择的膜为不对称聚酰亚胺膜。

    Method for preparing thin regenerated cellulose membranes of high flux and selectivity for organic liquids separations
    7.
    发明授权
    Method for preparing thin regenerated cellulose membranes of high flux and selectivity for organic liquids separations 失效
    制备高通量和有机液体分离选择性的薄再生纤维素膜的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4496456A

    公开(公告)日：1985-01-29

    申请号：US500966

    申请日：1983-06-03

    申请人： Mahmoud M. Hafez ,  Henry W. Pauls

    发明人： Mahmoud M. Hafez ,  Henry W. Pauls

    IPC分类号： B01D67/00 ,  B01D71/10 ,  C10G73/08 ,  C10G73/12 ,  B01D13/00

    CPC分类号： B01D67/0095 ,  B01D67/0011 ,  B01D71/10

    摘要： A method is described for the production of regenerated cellulose membranes which method comprises the steps of:(a) dissolving a cellulose material to form a solution;(b) casting the cellulose solution into a film;(c) coagulating the cellulose solution film using an alkali alcoholic solution;(d) washing the coagulated cellulose film in an alcohol;(e) regenerating the cellulose film using acidic alcohol solution;(f) washing the regenerated cellulose membrane using an alcohol.The regenerated cellulose thus formed may be dried, if desired, preferably without a softener.The regenerated cellulose thus produced, when prepared in the form of a film or membrane, possesses higher flux and superior selectivity for organic liquid separation than regenerated cellulose membranes prepared employing aqueous solutions in steps b through e above and is most advantageously employed for the recovery of polar dewaxing solvents (e.g. ketones and mixed ketone/aromatic solvents) from dewaxed oil.

    摘要翻译： 描述了用于生产再生纤维素膜的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：（a）将纤维素材料溶解以形成溶液; （b）将纤维素溶液浇铸成膜; （c）使用碱醇溶液使纤维素溶液膜凝结; （d）在醇中洗涤凝固的纤维素膜; （e）使用酸性醇溶液再生纤维素膜; （f）使用酒精洗涤再生纤维素膜。 如果需要，如此形成的再生纤维素可以被干燥，优选没有软化剂。 因此制备的再生纤维素当以膜或膜的形式制备时，与使用上述步骤b至e中的水溶液制备的再生纤维素膜相比，具有更高的通量和对有机液体分离的优异选择性，并且最有利地用于回收 来自脱蜡油的极性脱蜡溶剂（例如酮和混合酮/芳族溶剂）。