公开(公告)号：US20100316269A1

公开(公告)日：2010-12-16

申请号：US12795423

申请日：2010-06-07

Applicant: Xiaowei Zhuang ,  Wilfred M. Bates ,  Michael J. Rust

Inventor： Xiaowei Zhuang ,  Wilfred M. Bates ,  Michael J. Rust

IPC: G06K9/62

CPC classification number: G01N21/6428 ,  C09K11/06 ,  C09K2211/1018 ,  C09K2211/1044 ,  C09K2211/1475 ,  G01N15/1429 ,  G01N15/1475 ,  G01N21/6408 ,  G01N21/6458 ,  G01N33/582 ,  G01N2015/0065 ,  G01N2021/6421 ,  G01N2021/6439 ,  G01N2021/6441 ,  G01N2201/06113 ,  G01N2201/12 ,  G02B21/0076 ,  G02B21/16 ,  G02B21/367 ,  G02B27/58

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to sub-diffraction limit image resolution and other imaging techniques. In one aspect, the invention is directed to determining and/or imaging light from two or more entities separated by a distance less than the diffraction limit of the incident light. For example, the entities may be separated by a distance of less than about 1000 nm, or less than about 300 nm for visible light. In one set of embodiments, the entities may be selectively activatable, i.e., one entity can be activated to produce light, without activating other entities. A first entity may be activated and determined (e.g., by determining light emitted by the entity), then a second entity may be activated and determined. The entities may be immobilized relative to each other and/or to a common entity. The emitted light may be used to determine the positions of the first and second entities, for example, using Gaussian fitting or other mathematical techniques, and in some cases, with sub-diffraction limit resolution. The methods may thus be used, for example, to determine the locations of two or more entities immobilized relative to a common entity, for example, a surface, or a biological entity such as DNA, a protein, a cell, a tissue, etc. The entities may also be determined with respect to time, for example, to determine a time-varying reaction. Other aspects of the invention relate to systems for sub-diffraction limit image resolution, computer programs and techniques for sub-diffraction limit image resolution, methods for promoting sub-diffraction limit image resolution, methods for producing photoswitchable entities, and the like.

Abstract translation: 本发明一般涉及副衍射极限图像分辨率和其它成像技术。 在一个方面，本发明涉及确定和/或成像来自两个或多个实体的光，所述物体被隔开的距离小于入射光的衍射极限。 例如，对于可见光，实体可以分开小于约1000nm或小于约300nm的距离。 在一组实施例中，实体可以是可选择性地激活的，即，一个实体可以被激活以产生光，而不激活其他实体。 可以激活和确定第一实体（例如，通过确定由实体发射的光），则可以激活和确定第二实体。 实体可以相对于彼此和/或共同实体被固定。 发射的光可以用于确定第一和第二实体的位置，例如，使用高斯拟合或其他数学技术，并且在一些情况下，具有次衍射极限分辨率。 因此，可以使用这些方法，例如确定相对于共同实体（例如表面）或生物实体（例如DNA，蛋白质，细胞，组织等）固定的两个或多个实体的位置。 实体也可以相对于时间来确定，例如确定时变反应。 本发明的其他方面涉及用于副衍射极限图像分辨率的系统，用于副衍射极限图像分辨率的计算机程序和技术，用于促进副衍射极限图像分辨率的方法，用于产生可照片开关实体的方法等。

公开(公告)号：US07776613B2

公开(公告)日：2010-08-17

申请号：US11605842

申请日：2006-11-29

Applicant: Xiaowei Zhuang ,  Wilfred Mark Bates ,  Michael J. Rust

Inventor： Xiaowei Zhuang ,  Wilfred Mark Bates ,  Michael J. Rust

IPC: G01N21/76

CPC classification number: G01N21/6458 ,  G01N21/6428 ,  G01N2021/6421 ,  G01N2021/6441 ,  G02B21/16 ,  G02B21/367 ,  G02B27/58 ,  G02B2207/113

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to sub-diffraction image resolution and other imaging techniques. In one aspect, the invention is directed to determining and/or imaging light from two or more entities separated by a distance less than the diffraction limit of the incident light. For example, the entities may be separated by a distance of less than about 1000 nm, or less than about 300 nm for visible light. In one set of embodiments, the entities may be selectively activatable, i.e., one entity can be activated to produce light, without activating other entities. A first entity may be activated and determined (e.g., by determining light emitted by the entity), then a second entity may be activated and determined. The emitted light may be used to determine the positions of the first and second entities, for example, using Gaussian fitting or other mathematical techniques, and in some cases, with sub-diffraction resolution. The methods may thus be used, for example, to determine the locations of two or more entities immobilized relative to a common entity, for example, a surface, or a biological entity such as DNA or a protein. The entities may also be determined with respect to time, for example, to determine a time-varying reaction. Other aspects of the invention relate to systems for sub-diffraction image resolution, computer programs and techniques for sub-diffraction image resolution, methods for promoting sub-diffraction image resolution, methods for producing photoswitchable entities, and the like.

Abstract translation: 本发明一般涉及副衍射图像分辨率和其它成像技术。 在一个方面，本发明涉及确定和/或成像来自两个或多个实体的光，所述物体被隔开的距离小于入射光的衍射极限。 例如，对于可见光，实体可以分开小于约1000nm或小于约300nm的距离。 在一组实施例中，实体可以是可选择性地激活的，即，一个实体可以被激活以产生光，而不激活其他实体。 可以激活和确定第一实体（例如，通过确定由实体发射的光），则可以激活和确定第二实体。 发射的光可以用于确定第一和第二实体的位置，例如，使用高斯拟合或其他数学技术，并且在一些情况下，使用次衍射分辨率。 因此，所述方法可用于例如确定相对于共同实体（例如表面）或生物实体（例如DNA或蛋白质）固定的两个或多个实体的位置。 实体也可以相对于时间来确定，例如确定时变反应。 本发明的其他方面涉及用于副衍射图像分辨率的系统，用于子衍射图像分辨率的计算机程序和技术，用于促进子衍射图像分辨率的方法，用于生产可照片开关实体的方法等。

公开(公告)号：US07838302B2

公开(公告)日：2010-11-23

申请号：US12012524

申请日：2008-02-01

Applicant: Xiaowei Zhuang ,  Wilfred M. Bates ,  Michael J. Rust ,  Bo Huang

Inventor： Xiaowei Zhuang ,  Wilfred M. Bates ,  Michael J. Rust ,  Bo Huang

IPC: G01N21/76

CPC classification number: G01N21/6428 ,  C09K11/06 ,  C09K2211/1018 ,  C09K2211/1044 ,  C09K2211/1475 ,  G01N15/1429 ,  G01N15/1475 ,  G01N21/6408 ,  G01N21/6458 ,  G01N33/582 ,  G01N2015/0065 ,  G01N2021/6421 ,  G01N2021/6439 ,  G01N2021/6441 ,  G01N2201/06113 ,  G01N2201/12 ,  G02B21/0076 ,  G02B21/16 ,  G02B21/367 ,  G02B27/58

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to sub-diffraction limit image resolution. In one aspect, the invention is directed to determining and/or imaging light from two or more entities separated by a distance less than the diffraction limit of the incident light. In one set of embodiments, the entities may be selectively activatable, i.e., one entity can be activated to produce light, without activating other entities. The emitted light may be used to determine the positions of the first and second entities, for example, using Gaussian fitting or other mathematical techniques, and in some cases, with sub-diffraction limit resolution. The methods may thus be used, for example, to determine the locations of two or more entities immobilized relative to a common entity, for example, a surface, or a biological entity such as DNA, a protein, a cell, a tissue, etc.

Abstract translation: 本发明一般涉及副衍射极限图像分辨率。 在一个方面，本发明涉及确定和/或成像来自两个或多个实体的光，所述物体被隔开的距离小于入射光的衍射极限。 在一组实施例中，实体可以是可选择性地激活的，即，一个实体可以被激活以产生光，而不激活其他实体。 发射的光可以用于确定第一和第二实体的位置，例如，使用高斯拟合或其他数学技术，并且在一些情况下，具有次衍射极限分辨率。 因此，可以使用这些方法，例如确定相对于共同实体（例如表面）或生物实体（例如DNA，蛋白质，细胞，组织等）固定的两个或多个实体的位置。 。

公开(公告)号：US20130001436A1

公开(公告)日：2013-01-03

申请号：US13551357

申请日：2012-07-17

Applicant: Xiaowei Zhuang ,  Wilfred M. Bates ,  Michael J. Rust

Inventor： Xiaowei Zhuang ,  Wilfred M. Bates ,  Michael J. Rust

IPC: G01B11/14

CPC classification number: G01N21/6428 ,  C09K11/06 ,  C09K2211/1018 ,  C09K2211/1044 ,  C09K2211/1475 ,  G01N15/1429 ,  G01N15/1475 ,  G01N21/6408 ,  G01N21/6458 ,  G01N33/582 ,  G01N2015/0065 ,  G01N2021/6421 ,  G01N2021/6439 ,  G01N2021/6441 ,  G01N2201/06113 ,  G01N2201/12 ,  G02B21/0076 ,  G02B21/16 ,  G02B21/367 ,  G02B27/58

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to sub-diffraction limit image resolution and other imaging techniques. In one aspect, the invention is directed to determining and/or imaging light from two or more entities separated by a distance less than the diffraction limit of the incident light. For example, the entities may be separated by a distance of less than about 1000 nm, or less than about 300 nm for visible light. In one set of embodiments, the entities may be selectively activatable, i.e., one entity can be activated to produce light, without activating other entities. A first entity may be activated and determined (e.g., by determining light emitted by the entity), then a second entity may be activated and determined. The entities may be immobilized relative to each other and/or to a common entity. The emitted light may be used to determine the positions of the first and second entities, for example, using Gaussian fitting or other mathematical techniques, and in some cases, with sub-diffraction limit resolution. The methods may thus be used, for example, to determine the locations of two or more entities immobilized relative to a common entity, for example, a surface, or a biological entity such as DNA, a protein, a cell, a tissue, etc. The entities may also be determined with respect to time, for example, to determine a time-varying reaction. Other aspects of the invention relate to systems for sub-diffraction limit image resolution, computer programs and techniques for sub-diffraction limit image resolution, methods for promoting sub-diffraction limit image resolution, methods for producing photoswitchable entities, and the like.

Abstract translation: 本发明一般涉及副衍射极限图像分辨率和其它成像技术。 在一个方面，本发明涉及确定和/或成像来自两个或多个实体的光，所述物体被隔开的距离小于入射光的衍射极限。 例如，对于可见光，实体可以分开小于约1000nm或小于约300nm的距离。 在一组实施例中，实体可以是可选择性地激活的，即，一个实体可以被激活以产生光，而不激活其他实体。 可以激活和确定第一实体（例如，通过确定由实体发射的光），则可以激活和确定第二实体。 实体可以相对于彼此和/或共同实体被固定。 发射的光可以用于确定第一和第二实体的位置，例如，使用高斯拟合或其他数学技术，并且在一些情况下，具有次衍射极限分辨率。 因此，可以使用这些方法，例如确定相对于共同实体（例如表面）或生物实体（例如DNA，蛋白质，细胞，组织等）固定的两个或多个实体的位置。 实体也可以相对于时间来确定，例如确定时变反应。 本发明的其他方面涉及用于副衍射极限图像分辨率的系统，用于副衍射极限图像分辨率的计算机程序和技术，用于促进副衍射极限图像分辨率的方法，用于产生可照片开关实体的方法等。

公开(公告)号：US20100297777A1

公开(公告)日：2010-11-25

申请号：US12850586

申请日：2010-08-04

Applicant: Xiaowei Zhuang ,  Wilfred M. Bates ,  Michael J. Rust ,  Bo Huang ,  Graham Thomas Dempsey

Inventor： Xiaowei Zhuang ,  Wilfred M. Bates ,  Michael J. Rust ,  Bo Huang ,  Graham Thomas Dempsey

IPC: G01N21/64 ,  C07K2/00 ,  C07K16/00

CPC classification number: G01N21/6428 ,  C09K11/06 ,  C09K2211/1018 ,  C09K2211/1044 ,  C09K2211/1475 ,  G01N15/1429 ,  G01N15/1475 ,  G01N21/6408 ,  G01N21/6458 ,  G01N33/582 ,  G01N2015/0065 ,  G01N2021/6421 ,  G01N2021/6439 ,  G01N2021/6441 ,  G01N2201/06113 ,  G01N2201/12 ,  G02B21/0076 ,  G02B21/16 ,  G02B21/367 ,  G02B27/58

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to sub-diffraction limit image resolution and other imaging techniques. In one aspect, the invention is directed to determining and/or imaging light from two or more entities separated by a distance less than the diffraction limit of the incident light. For example, the entities may be separated by a distance of less than about 1000 nm, or less than about 300 nm for visible light. In one set of embodiments, the entities may be selectively activatable, i.e., one entity can be activated to produce light, without activating other entities. A first entity may be activated and determined (e.g., by determining light emitted by the entity), then a second entity may be activated and determined The entities may be immobilized relative to each other and/or to a common entity. The emitted light may be used to determine the positions of the first and second entities, for example, using Gaussian fitting or other mathematical techniques, and in some cases, with sub-diffraction limit resolution. The methods may thus be used, for example, to determine the locations of two or more entities immobilized relative to a common entity, for example, a surface, or a biological entity such as DNA, a protein, a cell, a tissue, etc. The entities may also be determined with respect to time, for example, to determine a time-varying reaction. Other aspects of the invention relate to systems for sub-diffraction limit image resolution, computer programs and techniques for sub-diffraction limit image resolution, methods for promoting sub-diffraction limit image resolution, methods for producing photoswitchable entities, and the like.

Abstract translation: 本发明一般涉及副衍射极限图像分辨率和其它成像技术。 在一个方面，本发明涉及确定和/或成像来自两个或多个实体的光，所述物体被隔开的距离小于入射光的衍射极限。 例如，对于可见光，实体可以分开小于约1000nm或小于约300nm的距离。 在一组实施例中，实体可以是可选择性地激活的，即，一个实体可以被激活以产生光，而不激活其他实体。 可以激活和确定第一实体（例如，通过确定由实体发射的光），则可以激活和确定第二实体。可以相对于彼此和/或共同实体来固定实体。 发射的光可以用于确定第一和第二实体的位置，例如，使用高斯拟合或其他数学技术，并且在一些情况下，具有次衍射极限分辨率。 因此，可以使用这些方法，例如确定相对于共同实体（例如表面）或生物实体（例如DNA，蛋白质，细胞，组织等）固定的两个或多个实体的位置。 实体也可以相对于时间来确定，例如确定时变反应。 本发明的其他方面涉及用于副衍射极限图像分辨率的系统，用于副衍射极限图像分辨率的计算机程序和技术，用于促进副衍射极限图像分辨率的方法，用于产生可照片开关实体的方法等。

公开(公告)号：US20080032414A1

公开(公告)日：2008-02-07

申请号：US11605842

申请日：2006-11-29

Applicant: Xiaowei Zhuang ,  Wilfred Mark Bates ,  Michael J. Rust

Inventor： Xiaowei Zhuang ,  Wilfred Mark Bates ,  Michael J. Rust

IPC: G01N21/76

CPC classification number: G01N21/6458 ,  G01N21/6428 ,  G01N2021/6421 ,  G01N2021/6441 ,  G02B21/16 ,  G02B21/367 ,  G02B27/58 ,  G02B2207/113

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to sub-diffraction image resolution and other imaging techniques. In one aspect, the invention is directed to determining and/or imaging light from two or more entities separated by a distance less than the diffraction limit of the incident light. For example, the entities may be separated by a distance of less than about 1000 nm, or less than about 300 nm for visible light. In one set of embodiments, the entities may be selectively activatable, i.e., one entity can be activated to produce light, without activating other entities. A first entity may be activated and determined (e.g., by determining light emitted by the entity), then a second entity may be activated and determined. The emitted light may be used to determine the positions of the first and second entities, for example, using Gaussian fitting or other mathematical techniques, and in some cases, with sub-diffraction resolution. The methods may thus be used, for example, to determine the locations of two or more entities immobilized relative to a common entity, for example, a surface, or a biological entity such as DNA or a protein. The entities may also be determined with respect to time, for example, to determine a time-varying reaction. Other aspects of the invention relate to systems for sub-diffraction image resolution, computer programs and techniques for sub-diffraction image resolution, methods for promoting sub-diffraction image resolution, methods for producing photoswitchable entities, and the like.

Abstract translation: 本发明一般涉及副衍射图像分辨率和其它成像技术。 在一个方面，本发明涉及确定和/或成像来自两个或多个实体的光，所述物体被隔开的距离小于入射光的衍射极限。 例如，对于可见光，实体可以分开小于约1000nm或小于约300nm的距离。 在一组实施例中，实体可以是可选择性地激活的，即，一个实体可以被激活以产生光，而不激活其他实体。 可以激活和确定第一实体（例如，通过确定由实体发射的光），则可以激活和确定第二实体。 发射的光可以用于确定第一和第二实体的位置，例如，使用高斯拟合或其他数学技术，并且在一些情况下，使用次衍射分辨率。 因此，所述方法可用于例如确定相对于共同实体（例如表面）或生物实体（例如DNA或蛋白质）固定的两个或多个实体的位置。 实体也可以相对于时间来确定，例如确定时变反应。 本发明的其他方面涉及用于副衍射图像分辨率的系统，用于子衍射图像分辨率的计算机程序和技术，用于促进子衍射图像分辨率的方法，用于产生可照片开关实体的方法等。

公开(公告)号：US20120009589A1

公开(公告)日：2012-01-12

申请号：US13179936

申请日：2011-07-11

Applicant: Xiaowei Zhuang ,  Wilfred M. Bates ,  Michael J. Rust ,  Bo Huang ,  Graham Thomas Dempsey

Inventor： Xiaowei Zhuang ,  Wilfred M. Bates ,  Michael J. Rust ,  Bo Huang ,  Graham Thomas Dempsey

IPC: G01N21/64 ,  C12Q1/68

CPC classification number: G01N21/6428 ,  C09K11/06 ,  C09K2211/1018 ,  C09K2211/1044 ,  C09K2211/1475 ,  G01N15/1429 ,  G01N15/1475 ,  G01N21/6408 ,  G01N21/6458 ,  G01N33/582 ,  G01N2015/0065 ,  G01N2021/6421 ,  G01N2021/6439 ,  G01N2021/6441 ,  G01N2201/06113 ,  G01N2201/12 ,  G02B21/0076 ,  G02B21/16 ,  G02B21/367 ,  G02B27/58

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to sub-diffraction limit image resolution and other imaging techniques. In one aspect, the invention is directed to determining and/or imaging light from two or more entities separated by a distance less than the diffraction limit of the incident light. For example, the entities may be separated by a distance of less than about 1000 nm, or less than about 300 nm for visible light. In one set of embodiments, the entities may be selectively activatable, i.e., one entity can be activated to produce light, without activating other entities. A first entity may be activated and determined (e.g., by determining light emitted by the entity), then a second entity may be activated and determined. The entities may be immobilized relative to each other and/or to a common entity. The emitted light may be used to determine the positions of the first and second entities, for example, using Gaussian fitting or other mathematical techniques, and in some cases, with sub-diffraction limit resolution. The methods may thus be used, for example, to determine the locations of two or more entities immobilized relative to a common entity, for example, a surface, or a biological entity such as DNA, a protein, a cell, a tissue, etc. The entities may also be determined with respect to time, for example, to determine a time-varying reaction. Other aspects of the invention relate to systems for sub-diffraction limit image resolution, computer programs and techniques for sub-diffraction limit image resolution, methods for promoting sub-diffraction limit image resolution, methods for producing photoswitchable entities, and the like.

Abstract translation: 本发明一般涉及副衍射极限图像分辨率和其它成像技术。 在一个方面，本发明涉及确定和/或成像来自两个或多个实体的光，所述物体被隔开的距离小于入射光的衍射极限。 例如，对于可见光，实体可以分开小于约1000nm或小于约300nm的距离。 在一组实施例中，实体可以是可选择性地激活的，即，一个实体可以被激活以产生光，而不激活其他实体。 可以激活和确定第一实体（例如，通过确定由实体发射的光），则可以激活和确定第二实体。 实体可以相对于彼此和/或共同实体被固定。 发射的光可以用于确定第一和第二实体的位置，例如，使用高斯拟合或其他数学技术，并且在一些情况下，具有次衍射极限分辨率。 因此，可以使用这些方法，例如确定相对于共同实体（例如表面）或生物实体（例如DNA，蛋白质，细胞，组织等）固定的两个或多个实体的位置。 实体也可以相对于时间来确定，例如确定时变反应。 本发明的其他方面涉及用于副衍射极限图像分辨率的系统，用于副衍射极限图像分辨率的计算机程序和技术，用于促进副衍射极限图像分辨率的方法，用于产生可照片开关实体的方法等。

公开(公告)号：US20080182336A1

公开(公告)日：2008-07-31

申请号：US12012524

申请日：2008-02-01

Applicant: Xiaowei Zhuang ,  Wilfred M. Bates ,  Michael J. Rust ,  Bo Huang

Inventor： Xiaowei Zhuang ,  Wilfred M. Bates ,  Michael J. Rust ,  Bo Huang

IPC: G01N21/76

CPC classification number: G01N21/6428 ,  C09K11/06 ,  C09K2211/1018 ,  C09K2211/1044 ,  C09K2211/1475 ,  G01N15/1429 ,  G01N15/1475 ,  G01N21/6408 ,  G01N21/6458 ,  G01N33/582 ,  G01N2015/0065 ,  G01N2021/6421 ,  G01N2021/6439 ,  G01N2021/6441 ,  G01N2201/06113 ,  G01N2201/12 ,  G02B21/0076 ,  G02B21/16 ,  G02B21/367 ,  G02B27/58

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to sub-diffraction limit image resolution and other imaging techniques. In one aspect, the invention is directed to determining and/or imaging light from two or more entities separated by a distance less than the diffraction limit of the incident light. For example, the entities may be separated by a distance of less than about 1000 nm, or less than about 300 nm for visible light. In one set of embodiments, the entities may be selectively activatable, i.e., one entity can be activated to produce light, without activating other entities. A first entity may be activated and determined (e.g., by determining light emitted by the entity), then a second entity may be activated and determined. The entities may be immobilized relative to each other and/or to a common entity. The emitted light may be used to determine the positions of the first and second entities, for example, using Gaussian fitting or other mathematical techniques, and in some cases, with sub-diffraction limit resolution. The methods may thus be used, for example, to determine the locations of two or more entities immobilized relative to a common entity, for example, a surface, or a biological entity such as DNA, a protein, a cell, a tissue, etc. The entities may also be determined with respect to time, for example, to determine a time-varying reaction. Other aspects of the invention relate to systems for sub-diffraction limit image resolution, computer programs and techniques for sub-diffraction limit image resolution, methods for promoting sub-diffraction limit image resolution, methods for producing photoswitchable entities, and the like.

Abstract translation: 本发明一般涉及副衍射极限图像分辨率和其它成像技术。 在一个方面，本发明涉及确定和/或成像来自两个或多个实体的光，所述物体被隔开的距离小于入射光的衍射极限。 例如，对于可见光，实体可以分开小于约1000nm或小于约300nm的距离。 在一组实施例中，实体可以是可选择性地激活的，即，一个实体可以被激活以产生光，而不激活其他实体。 可以激活和确定第一实体（例如，通过确定由实体发射的光），则可以激活和确定第二实体。 实体可以相对于彼此和/或共同实体被固定。 发射的光可以用于确定第一和第二实体的位置，例如，使用高斯拟合或其他数学技术，并且在一些情况下，具有次衍射极限分辨率。 因此，可以使用这些方法，例如确定相对于共同实体（例如表面）或生物实体（例如DNA，蛋白质，细胞，组织等）固定的两个或多个实体的位置。 实体也可以相对于时间来确定，例如确定时变反应。 本发明的其他方面涉及用于副衍射极限图像分辨率的系统，用于副衍射极限图像分辨率的计算机程序和技术，用于促进副衍射极限图像分辨率的方法，用于产生可照片开关实体的方法等。