公开(公告)号：US09497107B1

公开(公告)日：2016-11-15

申请号：US14211710

申请日：2014-03-14

Applicant: CISCO TECHNOLOGY, INC.

Inventor： Nobushige Akiya ,  David D. Ward ,  Carlos M. Pignataro ,  Nagendra Kumar Nainar ,  Tarek Saad ,  Muthurajah Sivabalan

IPC: H04L12/707

CPC classification number: H04L45/22 ,  H04L41/0677 ,  H04L43/0811 ,  H04L43/10 ,  H04L45/50

Abstract: An example method for seamless path monitoring and rapid fault isolation using bidirectional forwarding detection (BFD) in a network environment is provided and includes determining a BFD target identifier type for communicating in a BFD session in a network environment, determining a non-zero globally assigned BFD discriminator value associated with the BFD target identifier type, populating a Your Discriminator field in a BFD Control Packet with the non-zero globally assigned BFD discriminator value, with a My Discriminator field in the BFD Control Packet being populated with a locally assigned BFD Discriminator value, and initiating the BFD session by transmitting the BFD Control Packet to a target node in the network. In a specific embodiment, the BFD target identifier type is type 3, and the non-zero globally assigned BFD discriminator is an Alert Discriminator reserved by substantially all nodes in the network exclusively for BFD traceroute operations.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种在网络环境中使用双向转发检测（BFD）进行无缝路径监控和快速故障隔离的示例方法，包括确定BFD目标标识符类型，以在网络环境中的BFD会话中进行通信，确定非零全局分配 与BFD目标标识符类型相关联的BFD鉴别符值，在BFD控制报文中填入非零全局分配BFD鉴别符值的“Discriminator”字段，BFD控制报文中的“我的标识符”字段填入本地分配的BFD鉴别符 通过将BFD控制报文发送到网络中的目标节点来启动BFD会话。 在具体实施例中，BFD目标标识符类型为类型3，非零全局分配的BFD鉴别器是专门用于BFD跟踪路由操作的网络中基本上所有节点保留的警报鉴别器。

公开(公告)号：US20150109907A1

公开(公告)日：2015-04-23

申请号：US14132781

申请日：2013-12-18

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Nobushige Akiya ,  George Swallow ,  Carlos M. Pignataro ,  Nagendra Kumar

IPC: H04L12/803 ,  H04L12/723

CPC classification number: H04L47/125 ,  H04L45/24 ,  H04L45/48 ,  H04L45/50 ,  H04L45/507 ,  H04L47/12 ,  H04L47/122

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for carrying downstream mapping information in an echo request message and/or echo reply message, which can describe both IP (Internet Protocol) multipath information and label multipath information. A transit node (e.g., an LSR element) that receives an echo request message from an initiator node determines downstream mapping information, which is returned to the initiator node. Transit node determines whether a newly defined type of multipath information (type 10) should be generated to return the downstream mapping information, based on whether transit node performs load balancing based on labels or IP header information, and whether transit node imposes entropy labels. A multipath information type 10 element includes either IP multipath information or label multipath information, as well as associated label multipath information that includes one or more entropy labels that map to the IP or label multipath information being returned.

Abstract translation: 本公开提供在回波请求消息和/或回声应答消息中携带下行映射信息，其可以描述IP（因特网协议）多路径信息和标签多路径信息。 从发起者节点接收回应请求消息的传输节点（例如，LSR元素）确定返回到发起方节点的下行映射信息。 传输节点根据传输节点是否根据标签或IP头信息进行负载均衡，以及传输节点是否施加熵标签，确定是否应生成新定义类型的多路径信息（类型10）以返回下行映射信息。 多路径信息类型10元素包括IP多路径信息或标签多路径信息，以及相关联的标签多路径信息，其包括映射到所返回的IP或标签多路径信息的一个或多个熵标签。

公开(公告)号：US11082308B2

公开(公告)日：2021-08-03

申请号：US16383956

申请日：2019-04-15

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Nobushige Akiya ,  Carlos M. Pignataro ,  Nagendra Kumar Nainar ,  Paul Quinn ,  James Guichard

IPC: H04L12/24

Abstract: In one embodiment, a system and method are disclosed for sending a request and receiving a reply. The request contains a network service header including a flow label field and a target index field. The flow label field contains a set of available flow labels. The target index field includes a value indicating a target node. The reply contains information indicating which of the flow labels can be used to route a packet to each of the next hop nodes downstream from the device that sent the reply. This process can be repeated for other nodes on a path, and other paths in a service topology layer. The information determined by this process can be used to perform other necessary functionalities at the service topology layer.

公开(公告)号：US20160261474A1

公开(公告)日：2016-09-08

申请号：US14635438

申请日：2015-03-02

Applicant: CISCO TECHNOLOGY, INC.

Inventor： Srihari Raghavan ,  Nobushige Akiya ,  Carlos M. Pignataro ,  Mallik Mudigonda ,  Nagendra Kumar Nainar

IPC: H04L12/26

CPC classification number: H04L43/10 ,  H04L41/5012

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes assigning a discriminator to a target in communication with a reflector at a network device, identifying at the reflector, a packet comprising the discriminator, the packet transmitted from an initiator in a seamless bidirectional forwarding detection (S-BFD) session, and transmitting a response packet from the reflector to the initiator. The response packet includes information for the target obtained by the reflector through monitoring of the target. The target may comprise a plurality of entities. An apparatus and logic are also disclosed herein.

Abstract translation: 在一个实施例中，一种方法包括将鉴别器分配给与网络设备上的反射器通信的目标，在反射器处识别包括鉴别器的分组，在无缝双向转发检测（S-BFD）中从发起者发送的分组 ）会话，并将响应分组从反射器发送到发起者。 响应包包括通过对目标的监视由反射器获得的目标的信息。 目标可以包括多个实体。 本文还公开了一种装置和逻辑。

公开(公告)号：US09237078B1

公开(公告)日：2016-01-12

申请号：US14315570

申请日：2014-06-26

Applicant: CISCO TECHNOLOGY, INC.

Inventor： Nagendra Kumar Nainar ,  Carlos M. Pignataro ,  Nobushige Akiya

IPC: H04L12/26 ,  H04L12/70

CPC classification number: H04L43/0811 ,  H04L43/10

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes generating a path validation packet at a network device, the path validation packet including a plurality of segment identifiers for use in segment routing and an operations, administration, and management (OAM) segment identifier for use in path validation, transmitting from the network device the path validation packet on a path having a plurality of routers associated with the segment identifiers, one of the routers associated with the OAM segment identifier, and validating the path if a return path validation packet is received. An apparatus is also disclosed herein.

Abstract translation: 在一个实施例中，一种方法包括在网络设备处生成路径验证分组，所述路径验证分组包括用于分段路由的多个分段标识符以及用于路径验证的操作，管理和管理（OAM）段标识符 从网络设备发送具有与段标识符相关联的多个路由器的路径上的路径验证分组，与OAM分段标识符相关联的路由器之一，以及如果接收到返回路径验证分组则验证该路径。 本文还公开了一种装置。

公开(公告)号：US10263861B2

公开(公告)日：2019-04-16

申请号：US14587981

申请日：2014-12-31

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Nobushige Akiya ,  Carlos M. Pignataro ,  Nagendra Kumar Nainar ,  Paul Quinn ,  James Guichard

IPC: H04L12/24

Abstract: In one embodiment, a system and method are disclosed for sending a request and receiving a reply. The request contains a network service header including a flow label field and a target index field. The flow label field contains a set of available flow labels. The target index field includes a value indicating a target node. The reply contains information indicating which of the flow labels can be used to route a packet to each of the next hop nodes downstream from the device that sent the reply. This process can be repeated for other nodes on a path, and other paths in a service topology layer. The information determined by this process can be used to perform other necessary functionalities at the service topology layer.

公开(公告)号：US10069708B2

公开(公告)日：2018-09-04

申请号：US14635438

申请日：2015-03-02

Applicant: CISCO TECHNOLOGY, INC.

Inventor： Srihari Raghavan ,  Nobushige Akiya ,  Carlos M. Pignataro ,  Mallik Mudigonda ,  Nagendra Kumar Nainar

IPC: H04L12/26 ,  H04L12/24

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes assigning a discriminator to a target in communication with a reflector at a network device, identifying at the reflector, a packet comprising the discriminator, the packet transmitted from an initiator in a seamless bidirectional forwarding detection (S-BFD) session, and transmitting a response packet from the reflector to the initiator. The response packet includes information for the target obtained by the reflector through monitoring of the target. The target may comprise a plurality of entities. An apparatus and logic are also disclosed herein.

公开(公告)号：US09210089B2

公开(公告)日：2015-12-08

申请号：US14132781

申请日：2013-12-18

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Nobushige Akiya ,  George Swallow ,  Carlos M. Pignataro ,  Nagendra Kumar

IPC: G06F11/00 ,  H04L12/803 ,  H04L12/723 ,  H04L12/801 ,  H04L12/753

CPC classification number: H04L47/125 ,  H04L45/24 ,  H04L45/48 ,  H04L45/50 ,  H04L45/507 ,  H04L47/12 ,  H04L47/122

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for carrying downstream mapping information in an echo request message and/or echo reply message, which can describe both IP (Internet Protocol) multipath information and label multipath information. A transit node (e.g., an LSR element) that receives an echo request message from an initiator node determines downstream mapping information, which is returned to the initiator node. Transit node determines whether a newly defined type of multipath information (type 10) should be generated to return the downstream mapping information, based on whether transit node performs load balancing based on labels or IP header information, and whether transit node imposes entropy labels. A multipath information type 10 element includes either IP multipath information or label multipath information, as well as associated label multipath information that includes one or more entropy labels that map to the IP or label multipath information being returned.

Abstract translation: 本公开提供在回波请求消息和/或回声应答消息中携带下行映射信息，其可以描述IP（因特网协议）多路径信息和标签多路径信息。 从发起者节点接收回应请求消息的传输节点（例如，LSR元素）确定返回到发起方节点的下行映射信息。 传输节点根据传输节点是否根据标签或IP头信息进行负载均衡，以及传输节点是否施加熵标签，确定是否应生成新定义类型的多路径信息（类型10）以返回下行映射信息。 多路径信息类型10元素包括IP多路径信息或标签多路径信息，以及相关联的标签多路径信息，其包括映射到所返回的IP或标签多路径信息的一个或多个熵标签。

公开(公告)号：US20190288923A1

公开(公告)日：2019-09-19

申请号：US16383956

申请日：2019-04-15

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Nobushige Akiya ,  Carlos M. Pignataro ,  Nagendra Kumar Nainar ,  Paul Quinn ,  James Guichard

IPC: H04L12/24

Abstract: In one embodiment, a system and method are disclosed for sending a request and receiving a reply. The request contains a network service header including a flow label field and a target index field. The flow label field contains a set of available flow labels. The target index field includes a value indicating a target node. The reply contains information indicating which of the flow labels can be used to route a packet to each of the next hop nodes downstream from the device that sent the reply. This process can be repeated for other nodes on a path, and other paths in a service topology layer. The information determined by this process can be used to perform other necessary functionalities at the service topology layer.

公开(公告)号：US09686181B2

公开(公告)日：2017-06-20

申请号：US14508570

申请日：2014-10-07

Applicant: CISCO TECHNOLOGY, INC.

Inventor： Nobushige Akiya ,  Nagendra Kumar Nainar ,  Carlos M. Pignataro

IPC: H04L12/703 ,  H04L12/723 ,  H04L12/823 ,  H04L12/741 ,  H04L12/851

CPC classification number: H04L45/28 ,  H04L45/50 ,  H04L45/74 ,  H04L47/24 ,  H04L47/32

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes identifying a failure of a service function at a service node in a service chain, receiving a packet at the service node, and processing the packet at the service node according to a flag associated with the service function and set based on a criticality of the service function. An apparatus is also disclosed herein.