公开(公告)号：US10951706B2

公开(公告)日：2021-03-16

申请号：US15374722

申请日：2016-12-09

Applicant: Google Inc.

Inventor： Wilson Cheng-Yi Hsieh ,  Peter Hochschild

IPC: H04L29/08 ,  H04L29/06 ,  G06F16/23 ,  G06F16/176

Abstract: Throughput is preserved in a distributed system while maintaining concurrency by pushing a commit wait period to client commit paths and to future readers. As opposed to servers performing commit waits, the servers assign timestamps, which are used to ensure that causality is preserved. When a server executes a transaction that writes data to a distributed database, the server acquires a user-level lock, and assigns the transaction a timestamp equal to a current time plus an interval corresponding to bounds of uncertainty of clocks in the distributed system. After assigning the timestamp, the server releases the user-level lock. Any client devices, before performing a read of the written data, must wait until the assigned timestamp is in the past.

公开(公告)号：US09915970B1

公开(公告)日：2018-03-13

申请号：US14925278

申请日：2015-10-28

Applicant: Google Inc.

Inventor： Peter Hochschild ,  Alexander Lloyd ,  Wilson Cheng-Yi Hsieh ,  Robert Edman Felderman ,  Michael James Boyer Epstein

IPC: G06F1/12 ,  H04L29/08 ,  G06F11/16 ,  H04L12/26 ,  H04L7/00 ,  G01S19/01

CPC classification number: G06F1/12 ,  G01S19/01 ,  G06F11/1675 ,  H04J3/0661 ,  H04J3/0667 ,  H04L7/0008 ,  H04L7/0012 ,  H04L7/0016 ,  H04L43/106 ,  H04L67/10

Abstract: The present technology proposes techniques for generating globally coherent timestamps. This technology may allow distributed systems to causally order transactions without incurring various types of communication delays inherent in explicit synchronization. By globally deploying a number of time masters that are based on various types of time references, the time masters may serve as primary time references. Through an interactive interface, the techniques may track, calculate and record data relative to each time master thus providing the distributed systems with causal timestamps.

公开(公告)号：US09203600B1

公开(公告)日：2015-12-01

申请号：US14567294

申请日：2014-12-11

Applicant: Google Inc.

Inventor： Peter Hochschild ,  Alexander Lloyd ,  Wilson Cheng-Yi Hsieh ,  Robert Edman Felderman ,  Michael James Boyer Epstein

IPC: G06F1/12 ,  H04L7/00 ,  G06F15/16 ,  G06F11/00 ,  H04L12/26 ,  H04J3/06 ,  G06F11/16

CPC classification number: G06F1/12 ,  G01S19/01 ,  G06F11/1675 ,  H04J3/0661 ,  H04J3/0667 ,  H04L7/0008 ,  H04L7/0012 ,  H04L7/0016 ,  H04L43/106 ,  H04L67/10

Abstract: The present technology proposes techniques for generating globally coherent timestamps. This technology may allow distributed systems to causally order transactions without incurring various types of communication delays inherent in explicit synchronization. By globally deploying a number of time masters that are based on various types of time references, the time masters may serve as primary time references. Through an interactive interface, the techniques may track, calculate and record data relative to each time master thus providing the distributed systems with causal timestamps.

公开(公告)号：US20180167460A1

公开(公告)日：2018-06-14

申请号：US15374722

申请日：2016-12-09

Applicant: Google Inc.

Inventor： Wilson Cheng-Yi Hsieh ,  Peter Hochschild

IPC: H04L29/08 ,  H04L29/06

Abstract: Throughput is preserved in a distributed system while maintaining concurrency by pushing a commit wait period to client commit paths and to future readers. As opposed to servers performing commit waits, the servers assign timestamps, which are used to ensure that causality is preserved. When a server executes a transaction that writes data to a distributed database, the server acquires a user-level lock, and assigns the transaction a timestamp equal to a current time plus an interval corresponding to bounds of uncertainty of clocks in the distributed system. After assigning the timestamp, the server releases the user-level lock. Any client devices, before performing a read of the written data, must wait until the assigned timestamp is in the past.

公开(公告)号：US09569253B1

公开(公告)日：2017-02-14

申请号：US13905637

申请日：2013-05-30

Applicant: Google Inc.

Inventor： Wilson Cheng-Yi Hsieh ,  Alexander Lloyd ,  Peter Hochschild ,  Michael James Boyer Epstein ,  Sean Quinlan

IPC: G06F7/00 ,  G06F17/00 ,  G06F9/46

CPC classification number: G06F17/30377 ,  G06F9/466 ,  G06F17/30551

Abstract: The present technology proposes techniques for ensuring globally consistent transactions. This technology may allow distributed systems to ensure the causal order of read and write transactions across different partitions of a distributed database. By assigning causally generated timestamps to the transactions based on one or more globally coherent time services, the timestamps can be used to preserve and represent the causal order of the transactions in the distributed system. In this regard, certain transactions may wait for a period of time after choosing a timestamp in order to delay the start of any second transaction that might depend on it. The wait may ensure that the effects of the first transaction are not made visible until its timestamp is guaranteed to be in the past. This may ensure that a consistent snapshot of the distributed database can be determined for any past timestamp.

Abstract translation: 本技术提出了确保全球一致交易的技术。 该技术可能允许分布式系统确保分布式数据库的不同分区之间的读写事务的因果顺序。 通过基于一个或多个全局一致的时间服务将事件生成的时间戳分配给事务，可以使用时间戳来保留和表示分布式系统中的事务的因果顺序。 在这方面，某些交易可能会在选择时间戳之后等待一段时间，以便延迟可能依赖于它的任何第二个交易的开始。 等待可以确保第一个事务的效果在其时间戳保证为过去之前不可见。 这可以确保可以为任何过去的时间戳确定分布式数据库的一致快照。