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公开(公告)号：US5312873A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-17
申请号：US711673
申请日：1991-06-06
CPC分类号： B01D67/0093 , B01D69/125 , B01D71/42 , C08F8/00 , C08J7/12 , B01D2323/30
摘要： Water insoluble polymers are treated to place on their exposed surfaces the pendant alkyl imidocarbonyl (amide) groups to impart a high degree of hydrophilicity to that surface. Nitrile-containing polymers or copolymers in the form of insoluble films, filters or membranes are treated to convert a substantial fraction of the surface nitrile groups into the corresponding amide by the use of hydrogen peroxide or concentrated acids. The surface is rendered hydrophilic and resistant to fouling to the extent that even proteins are not denatured thereupon. The surface may also be converted to substituted amides by subsequent reactions to impart to it other functionalities or to serve as the basis for coupling reactions. Other polymers capable of surface treatment to produce pendant amidocarbonyl groups include ones containing pendant esters which on cleavage of the oxygen-carbon bond give pendant alcohol groups. These are converted by cyanoethylation to form the pendant nitrile groups which can be converted to the amide. Other polymers which on hydrolysis give pendant carboxylic acids can be treated with ammonia to also produce pendant amide groups.
摘要翻译： 处理水不溶性聚合物以在其暴露的表面上放置亚酰氨基羰基（酰胺）基团，以赋予该表面高度亲水性。 处理不溶性膜，过滤器或膜形式的含腈聚合物或共聚物，通过使用过氧化氢或浓缩酸将大部分表面腈基转化为相应的酰胺。 表面被赋予亲水性并且抗结垢至甚至蛋白质不变性的程度。 该表面也可以通过后续反应转化为取代的酰胺，以赋予其它功能或用作偶联反应的基础。 能够进行表面处理以产生酰亚胺基羰基的其它聚合物包括含有侧链酯的聚合物，其在氧 - 碳键裂解时产生侧链醇基。 这些通过氰乙基化反应形成可以转化成酰胺的侧基腈基。 可以用氨处理水解产生侧羧酸的其它聚合物，也可产生酰胺基。
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公开(公告)号：US5059659A
公开(公告)日：1991-10-22
申请号：US635421
申请日：1991-01-03
CPC分类号： B01D67/0093 , B01D69/125 , B01D71/42 , C08F8/00 , C08J7/12 , B01D2323/30
摘要： Water insoluble polymers are treated to place on their exposed surfaces the pendant alkyl imidocarbonyl (amide) groups to impart a high degree of hydrophilicity to that surface. Nitrile-containing polymers or copolymers in the form of insoluble films, filters or membranes are treated to convert a substantial fraction of the surface nitrile groups into the corresponding amide by the use of hydrogen peroxide or concentrated acids. The surface is rendered hydrophilic and resistant to fouling to the extent that even proteins are not denatured thereupon. The surface may also be converted to substituted amides by subsequent reactions to impart to it other functionalities or to serve as the basis for coupling reactions. Other polymers capable of surface treatment to produce pendant amidocarbonyl groups include ones containing pendant esters which on cleavage of the oxygen-carbon bond give pendant alcohol groups. These are converted by cyanoethylation to form the pendant nitrile groups which can be converted to the amide. Other polymers which on hydrolysis give pendant carboxylic acids can be treated with ammonia to also produce pendant amide groups.
摘要翻译： 处理水不溶性聚合物以在其暴露的表面上放置亚酰氨基羰基（酰胺）基团，以赋予该表面高度亲水性。 处理不溶性膜，过滤器或膜形式的含腈聚合物或共聚物，通过使用过氧化氢或浓缩酸将大部分表面腈基转化为相应的酰胺。 表面被赋予亲水性并且抗结垢至甚至蛋白质不变性的程度。 该表面也可以通过后续反应转化为取代的酰胺，以赋予其它功能或用作偶联反应的基础。 能够进行表面处理以产生酰亚胺基羰基的其它聚合物包括含有侧链酯的聚合物，其在氧 - 碳键裂解时产生侧链醇基。 这些通过氰乙基化反应形成可以转化成酰胺的侧基腈基。 可以用氨处理水解产生侧羧酸的其它聚合物，也可产生酰胺基。
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公开(公告)号：US4906379A
公开(公告)日：1990-03-06
申请号：US149552
申请日：1988-01-28
CPC分类号： B01D67/0093 , B01D71/42 , B01J20/3212 , B01J20/3274 , B01J20/3276 , B01J20/328 , B01J20/3282 , B01J20/3285 , B01J20/3291 , B01D2323/30 , B01D2323/38
摘要： This invention provides a matrix comprising molecules of a suitable polymer which provides solely on the surface of the matrix sufficient uncharged substituted amide groups to render the surface hydrophilic. The invention also provides an article of manufacture comprising the matrix.Another aspect of the invention provides a method of producing a matrix having a hydrophilic surface which comprises treating molecules of a suitable polymer so as to provide solely on the surface of the matrix sufficient uncharged, hydrophilic substituted amide groups to render the surface hydrophilic.Another embodiment of the invention concerns improved methods of filtration, ultrafiltration, microfiltration, reverse osmosis, dialysis, prevaporation, sieving, affinity chromatography, affinity purification, affinity separation, or affinity adsorption which comprises using the article of manufacture.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种包含合适聚合物分子的基体，其仅在基体的表面上提供足够的不带电取代的酰胺基团以使表面具有亲水性。 本发明还提供了包含该基质的制品。 本发明的另一方面提供了一种制备具有亲水表面的基质的方法，该方法包括处理合适聚合物的分子，从而仅在基质的表面上提供足够的不带电的亲水取代的酰胺基团以使表面具有亲水性。 本发明的另一个实施方案涉及包括使用该制品的改进的过滤，超滤，微滤，反渗透，透析，预蒸发，筛选，亲和层析，亲和纯化，亲和力分离或亲和吸附的方法。
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4.发明授权Homopolymers and copolymers of acrylamide N-substituted acrylamide or N-substituted methacrylamide solid state cross-linked with polyamines or polyols 失效丙烯酰胺N-取代丙烯酰胺或N-取代甲基丙烯酰胺固态与多胺或多元醇交联的均聚物和共聚物
公开(公告)号：US5280078A
公开(公告)日：1994-01-18
申请号：US764986
申请日：1991-09-23
IPC分类号： B01D67/00 , B01D71/40 , C08F8/00 , D21H17/37 , D21H17/39 , D21H17/42 , D21H17/45 , C08F8/30 , C08F8/14
CPC分类号： B01D67/0093 , B01D71/40 , C08F8/00 , C08F8/34 , D21H17/37 , D21H17/39 , D21H17/42 , D21H17/45 , B01D2323/30 , C08F2800/10 , C08F2810/20
摘要： Cross-linked polymeric gels or films are prepared by dissolving in a suitable solvent a linear polymer or polymers at least one of which is predominantly (at least 80%) made from monomers containing pendant amidocarbonyl or oxycarbonyl groups. For the cross-linking reaction are present either hydroxyl groups, present as either pendant groups from the polymer, or as low molecular weight polyols; or amino groups, present as either pendant groups from the polymer, or as low molecular weight diamines or polyamines. Either no catalyst is present or a strongly acidic catalyst (which may also be a pendant group on a polymer) is used. The solvent is removed by coagulation and/or drying and the dry material is heat-cured, thus cross-linking and insolubilizing the polymer or polymers.
摘要翻译： 通过将合适的溶剂中溶解线性聚合物或聚合物来制备交联聚合物凝胶或膜，所述线性聚合物或聚合物中至少一种主要由含有酰氨基羰基或氧羰基侧链的单体制成（至少80％）。 由于交联反应存在于作为聚合物的侧基存在的羟基或作为低分子量多元醇的羟基; 或氨基，作为聚合物的侧基存在，或作为低分子量二胺或多胺存在。 不使用催化剂，也可以使用强酸性催化剂（也可以是聚合物上的侧基）。 通过凝结和/或干燥除去溶剂，干燥的材料被热固化，从而使聚合物或聚合物交联和不溶解。
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