摘要:
During continuous casting of metals, a non-moving, vibrating magnetic field is applied to a molten metal in a casting mold to impose only vibration on the molten metal. This continuous casting method can produce a cast slab much less susceptible to flux entrainment, capture of bubbles and non-metal inclusions near the surface of the molten metal, and surface segregation. The magnetic field is preferably produced by arranging electromagnets in an opposing relation on both sides of the mold to lie side by side in the direction of longitudinal width of the mold, and supplying a single-phase AC current to each coil. The single-phase AC current preferably has frequency of 0.10 to 60 Hz. A static magnetic field can be applied intermittently in the direction of thickness of a cast slab. This technique can produce a cast slab substantially free from the flux entrainment and the surface segregation. Preferably, the static magnetic field is intermittently applied under setting of an on-time t1=0.10 to 30 seconds and an off-time t0=0.10 to 30 seconds. Also, the static magnetic field is preferably applied to the surface of the molten metal.
摘要:
During continuous casting of metals, a non-moving, vibrating magnetic field is applied to a molten metal in a casting mold to impose only vibration on the molten metal. This continuous casting method can produce a cast slab much less susceptible to flux entrainment, capture of bubbles and non-metal inclusions near the surface of the molten metal, and surface segregation. The magnetic field is preferably produced by arranging electromagnets in an opposing relation on both sides of the mold to lie side by side in the direction of longitudinal width of the mold, and supplying a single-phase AC current to each coil. The single-phase AC current preferably has frequency of 0.10 to 60 Hz. A static magnetic field can be applied intermittently in the direction of thickness of a cast slab. This technique can produce a cast slab substantially free from the flux entrainment and the surface segregation. Preferably, the static magnetic field is intermittently applied under setting of an on-time t1=0.10 to 30 seconds and an off-time t0=0.10 to 30 seconds. Also, the static magnetic field is preferably applied to the surface of the molten metal.
摘要:
In this invention, the smelting reduction operation can be carried out in a high efficiency by charging a carbonaceous material in such an amount that total surface area is not less than 60 m.sup.2 per 1 ton of slag weight. Carbon substance finely particulating through thermal crumbling under a high-temperature atmosphere inside the vessel is used as the carbonaceous material, whereby it is possible to stably conduct the smelting reduction while controlling the scattering of the carbonaceous material, and also the erosion, particularly locally erosion of refractory in the smelting reduction furnace, which was a serious problem in the conventional technique, can considerably be decreased to largely prolong the service life of refractory.
摘要:
This invention proposes a continuous casting method for austenitic stainless steel capable of simultaneously establishing productivity and an excellent surface quality of steel sheet. For this purpose, the invention lies in a method of continuously casting austenitic stainless steel by pouring melt of austenitic stainless steel from a tundish through an immersion nozzle into a continuously casting mold of a continuous slab caster, solidifying it in the mold and continually drawing the resulting slab of given size out from the mold, characterized in that a high-speed continuous casting is carried out so as to satisfy a relation of casting speed, superheating degree of molten steel in the tundish, sectional area of discharge port in the immersion nozzle and slab width represented by the following equation: 0.30.ltoreq.V.sup.0.58 .multidot.W.sup.-0.04 .multidot..DELTA.T.multidot.d.sup.-0.96 .ltoreq.0.85 wherein V: casting speed (m/min) W: slab width (mm) .DELTA.T: superheating degree of molten steel in tundish (.degree.C.) d: square root of sectional area of nozzle discharge port (mm).
摘要:
A method of charging an iron scrap melting cupola with iron scrap and coke enables the iron scrap to be melted with high energy efficiency. The charging pipe feed is set at a level "h" which meets the condition of h .ltoreq. (r-r') tan .theta., and iron scrap of a quantity Ws meeting the condition of Ws .ltoreq. 1/3.multidot..pi.r.sup.3 .multidot.tan .theta..multidot..rho..sub.s is charged through the charging pipe, followed by charging of coke, wherein h represents the height of the charging feed above the material in the cupola (meters), r represents the inside radius of the cupola (meters), r' represents the inside radius of the charging pipe (meters), .theta. represents the angle of repose of the iron scrap (degrees), Ws represents the quantity of iron scrap per cycle (kg/ch), and .rho..sub.s represents the bulk specific gravity of the iron scrap (kg/m.sup.3).
摘要翻译:用废铁和焦炭装入废铁熔融圆顶炉的方法使铁屑以高能量效率熔化。 充电管进料设定在满足h =(r-r')tanθ的条件的水平“h”,满足Ws <= + E的条件的W s的铁废料, / 3 + EE x pi r3xtan theta x rho s通过充电管充电,然后加入焦炭,其中h表示在冲天炉材料上方的充电进料的高度(米),r表示 冲天炉(米),r'表示充气管的内半径(米),θ表示废铁的休止角(度),Ws表示每个循环的废铁量(kg / ch),rho s表示废铁的体积比重(kg / m3)。
摘要:
In order to securely hold a moving belt of a continuous casting device against selective movable side walls, a first group of rotatable control rods which are disposed in a first supply header and an adjacent exhaust header are arranged to produce narrow high pressure zones in the film defined between the cooling pad in which the header are formed and the moving belt. These zones can be selectively moved to juxtapose the side walls when the gap between the walls is adjusted. A second group of rotatable control rods which are disposed in second and third supply headers selectively heat the side edges of the belt which are relatively cool as compared with the center section which is exposed to molten metal. As the side walls are moved apart the width of the edge sections which are exposed to pre-heated coolant can be reduced and the amount of normal temperature coolant applied thereto also increased.
摘要:
A process for continuously casting steel slabs employing a molten steel containing an oxygen concentration of 30 ppm or less, preferably, 20 ppm or less, using a straight immersion nozzle to which an inert gas is not injected, and disposing a static magnetic field generator on the back surface of the mold for applying the strong static magnetic field to the molten steel within the mold, thereby restricting the flow of the molten steel. With this process, it is possible to prevent the nozzle blocking, and hence to obtain the steel slabs excellent in the internal and surface qualities.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for continuous casting of an elongated thin metal strip achieves substantially high yield without allowing break-out or sticking. The method for casting a continuous elongated metal strip includes a step of driving endless belts at a varying speed so as to apply jerks to the slightly and half-solidified metal that release the metal from the surfaces of the stationary side walls. Applying jerks to the casting chamber by varying the driving speed of the endless belt ensures that the solidifying metal will travel smoothly and thus ensures a high manufacturing yield.
摘要:
An apparatus and method for continuous casting steel. A vertical continuous-casting mold consists of a pair of long side frames and a pair of short side frames formed of a metal having low electrical conductivity. An immersion nozzle supplies molten steel to the mold. An induction heating coil surrounded by a backup frame surrounds the vertical continuous-casting mold. The induction heating coil induction-heats the surface of the molten steel and neighboring portions thereof. The apparatus meets the following conditions;.xi..sup.2 =.sigma..sub.1 /.sigma..sub.2 .ltoreq.4 1/10.ltoreq. .eta.=(2.mu. .sub.0 .multidot..sigma..sub.2 .multidot..omega.).sup.0.5 .multidot.d.ltoreq. 10where .xi. designates the ratio of electrical conductivity of the mold and the molten steel.sigma..sub.1 designates the electrical conductivity of the mold.sigma..sub.2 designates the electrical conductivity of the molten steel.mu..sub.0 designates the permeability in a vacuumd designates the thickness of the mold.omega. designates the pulsatance of the electromagnetic wave.eta. designates the ratio of the penetration depth of the magnetic field to the molten steel to the mold thickness.
摘要:
A cooling pad for use in a continuous casting apparatus for the production of cast sheets. The pad is provided with plural water supply and discharge holes satisfying the particular relations on the arrangement thereof. By using such a cooling pad, a filmy cooling water flow is uniformly and stably formed in the casting.