摘要:
A process for producing a vinyl chloride polymer by polymerizing a monomer comprising vinyl chloride by suspension polymerization in a polymerization vessel on the inner wall surface of which a coating of a polymer scale preventive agent is formed, comprising the steps of applying a high-speed shearing force to a mixture comprising water, the monomer, a polymerization initiator, and (A) a dispersant comprising a partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol having a specified average degree of polymerization and a specified degree of saponification plus (B) a dispersant comprising a hydroxypropylmethylcellulose which has a specified methoxyl substitution degree, a specified hydroxypropoxyl substitution degree, and a specified viscosity and subjecting the mixture to said suspension polymerization. A vinyl chloride polymer having an average particle diameter of 200 to 600 .mu.m and a narrow particle size distribution and excellent in plasticizer take-up, etc. is provided.
摘要:
Coefficient controllers (68, 78) control weighting coefficients for tapped transversal filters used in interference compensators (67, 77) on the basis of transmission power control information from reception determination devices (66, 78) on the V polarization side and H polarization side. The interference compensators (67, 77) control the normal compensation ranges of the interference compensators (67, 77) and adjust interference compensation amounts on the basis of the weighting coefficients from the coefficient controllers (68, 78).
摘要:
Coefficient controllers (68, 78) control weighting coefficients for tapped transversal filters used in interference compensators (67, 77) on the basis of transmission power control information from reception determination devices (66, 78) on the V polarization side and H polarization side. The interference compensators (67, 77) control the normal compensation ranges of the interference compensators (67, 77) and adjust interference compensation amounts on the basis of the weighting coefficients from the coefficient controllers (68, 78).
摘要:
This process is a method of preventing polymer scale formation in a polymerization vessel during the polymerization of a monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond. The inner wall surface of a polymerization vessel is coated with a water-based coating solution containing (a) a water-soluble anionic dye and (b) at least water-insoluble cationic dye or water-insoluble nitrogen-containing organic compound, where the water-based coating solution has a pH of 7 or less. The coating solution is applied and then dried to form a coating.
摘要:
An improved method for the suspension polymerization is proposed which gives a PVC resin product having an increased plasticizer absorptivity and greatly decreased content of fish eyes. The invention can be achieved by additionally adding a limited volume of water into the polymerization mixture under proceeding of the polymerization reaction within a specified period of 30 to 70% monomer conversion and at such a controlled rate as not to unduly decrease the pressure inside of the reactor. The improvements are particularly remarkable when the dispersing agent added to the polymerization mixture is a ternary combination of (A) a water-soluble partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol of a high degree of polymerization and a high degree of saponification, (B) a hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose having specified degrees of substitution with methoxy and hydroxypropoxy groups and specified viscosity characteristics and (C) a monomer-soluble partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol of a low degree of polymerization and a low degree of saponification, each in a specified amount.
摘要:
A method of preventing polymer scale deposition in a polymerization vessel during polymerization of a monomer having an ethylenically double bond, wherein said polymerization is carried out in a polymerization vessel of which the inner wall has been previously first coated with(A) a coating solution comprising a condensate of an aromatic compound and at least one member selected from the group consisting of metal compounds and inorganic colloids, and the coating thus formed has been then coated with(B) a coating solution comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of anionic polymeric compounds, amphoteric polymeric compounds and hydroxyl group-containing polymeric compounds; and a polymerization vessel having a coating thus formed. According this method, polymer scale deposition on the inner wall, etc. of the polymerization vessel can be effectively prevented.
摘要:
A method of preventing polymer scale deposition in a polymerization vessel during polymerization of a monomer having an ethylenically double bond, wherein said polymerization is carried out in a polymerization of which the inner wall has been previously coated with a coating solution comprising:(A) an aromatic amine-based condensate,(B) at least one member selected from the group consisting of alkali metal salts and ammonium salts of a sulfonation product prepared by sulfonation of an aromatic amine-based condensate, and(C) at least one member selected from the group consisting of metal compounds, inorganic colloids, dyes and pigments; a scale preventive agent comprising the components (A), (B) and (C); and a polymerization vessel having a coating comprising the scale preventive agent. According the method, polymer scale deposition on the inner wall, etc. of the polymerization vessel can be effectively prevented.
摘要:
A method of preventing polymer scale deposition in a polymerization vessel during polymerization of a monomer having an ethylenically double bond, wherein said polymerization is carried out in a polymerization vessel of which the inner wall has a coating comprising a reaction product of a tannin and an aldehyde; a scale preventive agent comprising said reaction product; and a polymerization vessel having said coating on the inner wall thereof. Polymer scale deposition on the inner wall, etc. of the polymerization vessel can be effectively prevented.
摘要:
A process for production of a vinyl polymer by suspension polymerization or emulsion polymerization of at least one kind of vinyl monomer in an aqueous medium is disclosed.In this process, the polymerization is carried out in a polymerizer, the inner wall surface and portions of the auxiliary equipment thereof which may come into contact with the monomer during polymerization having a surface roughness of not greater than 5 .mu.m and being previously coated with a scaling preventive comprising at least one selected from dyes, pigments and aromatic or heterocyclic compounds having at least 5 conjugated .pi. bonds. According to this process, scaling on the inner wall surface of a polymerizer, etc. during polymerization can be prevented effectively and surely.
摘要:
The invention provides a high molecular weight silicone compound comprising recurring units of formula (1) and having a weight average molecular weight of 1,000-50,000. Some or all of the hydrogen atoms of carboxyl groups or carboxyl and hydroxyl groups in the silicone compound may be replaced by acid labile groups. Z is a di- to hexavalent, non-aromatic, monocyclic or polycyclic hydrocarbon or bridged cyclic hydrocarbon group; Z is a di- to hexavalent, normal or branched hydrocarbon group or non-aromatic, monocyclic or polycyclic hydrocarbon or bridged cyclic hydrocarbon group; x, y and z are integers of 1-5 corresponding to the valence of Z and Z′; R1 is —OCHR—R′—OH or —NHCHR—R′—OH; R2 is alkyl or alkenyl or a monovalent, non-aromatic, polycyclic hydrocarbon or bridged cyclic hydrocarbon group; p1, p2, p3 and p4 are 0 or positive numbers. A resist composition comprising the high molecular weight silicone compound as a base resin is sensitive to actinic radiation and has a high sensitivity and resolution so that it is suitable for microfabrication with electron beams or deep UV. Since the composition has low absorption at the exposure wavelength of an ArF or KrF excimer laser, a finely defined pattern having walls perpendicular to the substrate can be readily formed.
摘要翻译:本发明提供了包含式(1)的重复单元并且具有1,000-50,000重均分子量的高分子量硅氧烷化合物。 硅氧烷化合物中的羧基或羧基和羟基的一些或全部氢原子可被酸不稳定基团取代.Z为二价至六价,非芳香族,单环或多环烃或桥环状烃基; Z是二价至六价,正或支链烃基或非芳香族单环或多环烃或桥环状烃基; x,y和z是对应于Z和Z'的化合价的1-5的整数; R 1是-OCHR-R'-OH或-NHCHR-R'-OH; R 2是烷基或烯基或单价,非芳族,多环烃或桥连环烃基; p1,p2,p3和p4为0或正数。 包含作为基础树脂的高分子量硅氧烷化合物的抗蚀剂组合物对光化辐射敏感,并且具有高灵敏度和分辨率,使得它适合于用电子束或深紫外线的微细加工。 由于组成在ArF或KrF准分子激光器的曝光波长处具有低吸收,因此可以容易地形成具有垂直于衬底的壁的精细限定图案。