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    Rebreathing methods including oscillating, substantially equal rebreathing and nonrebreathing periods
    1.
    发明授权
    Rebreathing methods including oscillating, substantially equal rebreathing and nonrebreathing periods 有权
    呼吸方法包括振荡，基本相等的呼吸和非呼吸期

    公开(公告)号：US07135001B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-11-14

    申请号：US09813225

    申请日：2001-03-20

    申请人： Joseph A. Orr ,  Kai Kuck ,  Lara Brewer

    发明人： Joseph A. Orr ,  Kai Kuck ,  Lara Brewer

    IPC分类号： A61B5/02 ,  A61B5/08

    CPC分类号： A61B5/0836 ,  A61B5/029 ,  A61M16/0045 ,  A61M2016/0036 ,  A61M2230/432 ,  G06F19/00

    摘要： A differential Fick technique including a first phase in which baseline breathing parameters may be established and a second phase in which a change in the effective ventilation of a patient is induced. The durations of the first and second phases may be substantially the same and may be abbreviated relative to the durations of comparable phases of previously known differential Fick techniques. The disclosed differential Fick technique also lacks a recovery period in which the respiratory parameters of a patient are permitted to return to “normal” levels.

    摘要翻译： 一种差分Fick技术，包括其中可以建立基线呼吸参数的第一阶段和诱导患者有效通气变化的第二阶段。 第一和第二阶段的持续时间可以基本上相同并且可以相对于先前已知的差分Fick技术的相似阶段的持续时间来缩写。 所公开的差分Fick技术还缺乏允许患者的呼吸参数恢复到“正常”水平的恢复期。

    Methods and apparatus for improving time domain relationships between signals obtained from respiration
    3.
    发明授权
    Methods and apparatus for improving time domain relationships between signals obtained from respiration 有权
    改善从呼吸获得的信号之间的时域关系的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US08398559B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-03-19

    申请号：US11483460

    申请日：2006-07-10

    申请人： Kai Kück ,  Joseph A. Orr ,  Lara Brewer

    发明人： Kai Kück ,  Joseph A. Orr ,  Lara Brewer

    IPC分类号： A61B5/08

    CPC分类号： A61B5/0836 ,  A61B5/029 ,  G01N33/497 ,  G01N2001/2244

    摘要： Methods for estimating the volume of the carbon dioxide stores of an individual's respiratory tract include determining a carbon dioxide store volume at which a correlation between corresponding signals of carbon dioxide elimination and an indicator of the content of carbon dioxide in blood of the individual is optimized. The estimate of the volume of carbon dioxide stores, which comprises a model of the respiratory tract, or lungs, of the individual, may be used as a transformation to improve the accuracy of one or both of the carbon dioxide elimination and carbon dioxide content signals. Transformation, or filtering, algorithms are also disclosed, as are systems in which the methods and algorithms may be used. The methods, algorithms, and systems may be used to accurately and noninvasively determine one or both of the pulmonary capillary blood flow and cardiac output of the individual.

    摘要翻译： 用于估计个体呼吸道二氧化碳储存体积的方法包括确定二氧化碳储存容积，其中二氧化碳消除的相应信号与个体血液中二氧化碳含量的指标被优化之间的相关性。 包括个人呼吸道或肺的模型的二氧化碳储存量的估算可以用作改善二氧化碳消除和二氧化碳含量信号中的一种或两种的准确性的转化 。 还公开了转换或滤波算法，以及可以使用方法和算法的系统。 方法，算法和系统可用于精确地和非侵入性地确定个体的肺毛细血管血流量和心输出量中的一个或两个。

    ALGORITHMS, SYSTEMS, AND METHODS FOR ESTIMATING CARBON DIOXIDE STORES, TRANSFORMING RESPIRATORY GAS MEASUREMENTS, AND OBTAINING ACCURATE NONINVASIVE PULMONARY CAPILLARY BLOOD FLOW AND CARDIAC OUTPUT MEASUREMENTS
    5.
    发明授权
    ALGORITHMS, SYSTEMS, AND METHODS FOR ESTIMATING CARBON DIOXIDE STORES, TRANSFORMING RESPIRATORY GAS MEASUREMENTS, AND OBTAINING ACCURATE NONINVASIVE PULMONARY CAPILLARY BLOOD FLOW AND CARDIAC OUTPUT MEASUREMENTS 有权
    用于估算二氧化碳储存库，改变呼吸气体测量和获得精确非侵入性血管毛细血管流量和心脏输出量度的算法，系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US06955651B2

    公开(公告)日：2005-10-18

    申请号：US10121219

    申请日：2002-04-11

    申请人： Kai Kück ,  Joseph A. Orr ,  Lara Brewer

    发明人： Kai Kück ,  Joseph A. Orr ,  Lara Brewer

    IPC分类号： A61B5/026 ,  A61B5/08 ,  A61B5/083 ,  A61B5/087 ,  G01N1/22 ,  A61B5/00

    CPC分类号： A61B5/0836 ,  A61B5/029 ,  G01N33/497 ,  G01N2001/2244

    摘要： Methods for estimating the volume of the carbon dioxide stores of an individual's respiratory tract include determining a carbon dioxide store volume at which a correlation between corresponding signals of carbon dioxide elimination and an indicator of the content of carbon dioxide in blood of the individual is optimized. The estimate of the volume of carbon dioxide stores, which comprises a model of the respiratory tract, or lungs, of the individual, may be used as a transformation to improve the accuracy of one or both of the carbon dioxide elimination and carbon dioxide content signals. Transformation, or filtering, algorithms are also disclosed, as are systems in which the methods and algorithms may be used. The methods, algorithms, and systems may be used to accurately and noninvasively determine one or both of the pulmonary capillary blood flow and cardiac output of the individual.

    摘要翻译： 用于估计个体呼吸道二氧化碳储存体积的方法包括确定二氧化碳储存容积，其中二氧化碳消除的相应信号与个体血液中二氧化碳含量的指标被优化之间的相关性。 包括个人呼吸道或肺的模型的二氧化碳储存量的估算可以用作改善二氧化碳消除和二氧化碳含量信号中的一种或两种的准确性的转化 。 还公开了转换或滤波算法，以及可以使用方法和算法的系统。 方法，算法和系统可用于精确地和非侵入性地确定个体的肺毛细血管血流量和心输出量中的一个或两个。

    Methods of non-invasively estimating intrapulmonary shunt fraction and measuring cardiac output
    6.
    发明授权
    Methods of non-invasively estimating intrapulmonary shunt fraction and measuring cardiac output 有权
    非侵入性评估肺内分流分数和测量心输出量的方法

    公开(公告)号：US6042550A

    公开(公告)日：2000-03-28

    申请号：US150450

    申请日：1998-09-09

    申请人： Dinesh G. Haryadi ,  Joseph A. Orr ,  Kai Kuck ,  Michael B. Jaffe

    发明人： Dinesh G. Haryadi ,  Joseph A. Orr ,  Kai Kuck ,  Michael B. Jaffe

    IPC分类号： A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/029 ,  A61B5/083 ,  A61B5/02

    CPC分类号： A61B5/14551 ,  A61B5/0836 ,  A61B5/029 ,  A61B5/083

    摘要： A method of non-invasively estimating the intrapulmonary shunt in a patient. The method includes non-invasively measuring respiratory flow, respiratory carbon dioxide content, and arterial blood oxygen content. A re-breathing process is employed to facilitate an estimate of the patient's pulmonary capillary blood flow. Any inaccuracies of the arterial blood oxygen content are corrected to provide a substantially accurate arterial blood oxygen content measurement. The respiratory flow and carbon dioxide content and arterial blood oxygen content measurements, and the pulmonary capillary blood flow estimate are employed to estimate an intrapulmonary shunt of the patient. The invention also includes a method of determining the total cardiac output of the patient which considers the estimated intrapulmonary shunt.

    摘要翻译： 一种非侵入性估计患者肺内分流的方法。 该方法包括非侵入性地测量呼吸流量，呼吸二氧化碳含量和动脉血氧含量。 采用呼吸过程来促进对患者肺毛细血管血流的估计。 校正动脉血氧含量的任何不准确性，以提供基本上精确的动脉血氧含量测量。 使用呼吸流量和二氧化碳含量和动脉血氧含量测量以及肺毛细血管血流估计来估计患者的肺内分流。 本发明还包括确定考虑到估计的肺内分流的患者的总心输出量的方法。

    ISO-volumetric method of measuring carbon dioxide elimination
    7.
    发明授权
    ISO-volumetric method of measuring carbon dioxide elimination 有权
    测量二氧化碳消除的ISO容积法

    公开(公告)号：US6059732A

    公开(公告)日：2000-05-09

    申请号：US150447

    申请日：1998-09-09

    申请人： Joseph A. Orr ,  Michael B. Jaffe ,  Kai Kuck ,  Dinesh G. Haryadi

    发明人： Joseph A. Orr ,  Michael B. Jaffe ,  Kai Kuck ,  Dinesh G. Haryadi

    IPC分类号： A61B5/083 ,  A61B5/08

    CPC分类号： A61B5/083

    摘要： A method of calculating the carbon dioxide elimination of a patient that includes counteracting any inaccuracy or inconsistency in respiratory flow measurements that may be caused by "noise", such as is attributable to respiratory circuit leaks, signal drift, a non-unity respiratory quotient, or another respiratory flow error-inducing factor. The method includes monitoring the respiratory flow and carbon dioxide of the patient during at least a portion of both inspiration and expiration; calculating an inspiratory tidal volume, an inspiratory volume averaged carbon dioxide fraction, an expiratory tidal volume, and an expiratory volume averaged carbon dioxide fraction; and selecting a tidal volume to replace at least one of the inspiratory tidal volume and the expiratory tidal volume. The carbon dioxide elimination of the patient is then calculated with the select tidal volume, the inspiratory volume averaged carbon dioxide fraction, and the expiratory volume averaged carbon dioxide fraction.

    摘要翻译： 一种计算患者二氧化碳消除的方法，其包括抵消由“噪音”引起的呼吸流量测量的任何不精确或不一致性，例如归因于呼吸电路泄漏，信号漂移，非统一呼吸商， 或另一种呼吸道流量误差因子。 该方法包括在吸气和呼气的至少一部分期间监测患者的呼吸流量和二氧化碳; 计算吸气潮气量，吸气体积平均二氧化碳分数，呼气潮气量和呼气量平均二氧化碳分数; 以及选择潮气量以代替吸气潮气量和呼气潮气量中的至少一个。 然后用选择的潮气量，吸气体积平均二氧化碳分数和呼气量平均二氧化碳分数计算患者的二氧化碳消除。

    Systems and methods for accurately, substantially noninvasively determining pulmonary capillary blood flow or cardiac output
    8.
    发明授权
    Systems and methods for accurately, substantially noninvasively determining pulmonary capillary blood flow or cardiac output 有权
    精确地，基本上非侵入性地确定肺毛细血管血流量或心输出量的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US08801625B2

    公开(公告)日：2014-08-12

    申请号：US11347611

    申请日：2006-02-03

    申请人： Joseph A. Orr ,  Kai Kück

    发明人： Joseph A. Orr ,  Kai Kück

    IPC分类号： A61B5/02 ,  A61B5/08

    CPC分类号： A61B5/0836 ,  A61B5/029 ,  G01N33/497 ,  G01N2001/2244

    摘要： Methods for noninvasively determining a pulmonary capillary blood flow or a cardiac output of a subject include determining data of the amount of gas exchanged between blood and gas in lungs of the subject, as well as data of an indicator of the content of the gas in blood of the subject. Such a determination may be made during two or more different states of ventilation. A geometric relationship is identified between data points, with any data points outlying the geometric relationship being disregarded. The remaining data points may be used to estimate or calculate a measure of pulmonary capillary blood flow or cardiac output. Systems that include elements that are configured to effect such methods are also disclosed.

    摘要翻译： 用于非侵入性地确定受试者的肺毛细血管血流量或心输出量的方法包括确定受试者肺中血液和气体之间交换的气体量的数据，以及血液中气体含量指标的数据 的主题。 这种确定可以在两个或更多个不同的通气状态下进行。 在数据点之间识别出几何关系，并且忽略几何关系的任何数据点。 剩余的数据点可用于估计或计算肺毛细血管血流量或心输出量的量度。 还公开了包括被配置为实现这些方法的元素的系统。

    Anesthesia reversal methods and systems
    9.
    发明授权
    Anesthesia reversal methods and systems 有权
    麻醉逆转方法和系统

    公开(公告)号：US08671942B2

    公开(公告)日：2014-03-18

    申请号：US13032499

    申请日：2011-02-22

    申请人： Joseph A. Orr ,  Dwayne R. Westenskow

    发明人： Joseph A. Orr ,  Dwayne R. Westenskow

    IPC分类号： A61M11/00

    CPC分类号： A61M16/009 ,  A61M16/0045 ,  A61M16/0093 ,  A61M16/0833 ,  A61M16/085 ,  A61M16/0891 ,  A61M16/105 ,  A61M16/1055 ,  A61M16/106 ,  A61M16/22

    摘要： An apparatus for reversing inhaled anesthesia, which may be configured to be positioned along a breathing circuit or anesthesia delivery circuit, includes an anesthesia removal component and a blood flow acceleration component. The blood flow acceleration component facilitates an increase in the ventilation of the individual without resulting in a significant decrease in the individual's PaCO2 level and, thus, a decrease in the rate at which blood flows through the individual's brain. A method of reversing the effects of inhaled anesthesia includes increasing the rate of ventilation of an anesthetized individual while causing the individual to inhale gases with at least atmospheric amounts of CO2.

    摘要翻译： 可以被配置为沿着呼吸回路或麻醉输送电路定位的用于逆转吸入麻醉的装置包括麻醉去除组件和血流加速组件。 血液流动加速成分有助于个体的通气增加，而不会导致个体PaCO 2水平的显着降低，从而导致血液流过个体大脑的速率的降低。 一种逆转吸入麻醉效果的方法包括增加麻醉个体的通气率，同时使个体吸入至少大气二氧化碳的气体。

    Apparatus and method for non-invasively measuring caridac output
    10.
    发明授权
    Apparatus and method for non-invasively measuring caridac output 有权
    非侵入性测量caridac输出的装置和方法

    公开(公告)号：US08096297B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-01-17

    申请号：US12702596

    申请日：2010-02-09

    申请人： Joseph A. Orr ,  Scott A. Kofoed ,  Dwayne Westenskow ,  Michael B. Jaffe

    发明人： Joseph A. Orr ,  Scott A. Kofoed ,  Dwayne Westenskow ,  Michael B. Jaffe

    IPC分类号： A61M15/00 ,  A61M16/00 ,  A61B5/00

    CPC分类号： A61B5/029 ,  A61B5/0836 ,  A61M16/0045 ,  A61M16/0833 ,  A61M2016/0036 ,  A61M2230/432 ,  G01N33/004 ,  Y02A50/243

    摘要： Apparatus and methods for non-invasively determining cardiac output using partial re-breathing techniques are disclosed in which the apparatus is constructed with an instantaneously adjustable deadspace for accommodating differences in breathing capacities of various patients. The apparatus is constructed of inexpensive elements, including a single two-way valve which renders the apparatus very simple to use and inexpensive so that the unit may be readily disposable. The method of the invention provides a novel means of estimating cardiac output based on alveolar CO2 values rather than end-tidal CO2 values as previously practiced. A program for calculating cardiac output is also disclosed.

    摘要翻译： 公开了使用部分再呼吸技术非侵入性地确定心输出量的装置和方法，其中该装置构造有瞬时可调的死区，以适应各种患者的呼吸能力差异。 该设备由便宜的元件构成，包括单个双向阀，其使得该设备使用起来非常简单且便宜，使得该单元可以容易地被一次性使用。 本发明的方法提供了一种基于肺泡二氧化碳值估计心输出量的新方法，而不是如先前所述的潮汐CO 2值。 还公开了一种用于计算心输出量的程序。