公开(公告)号：US08398559B2

公开(公告)日：2013-03-19

申请号：US11483460

申请日：2006-07-10

申请人： Kai Kück ,  Joseph A. Orr ,  Lara Brewer

发明人： Kai Kück ,  Joseph A. Orr ,  Lara Brewer

IPC分类号： A61B5/08

CPC分类号： A61B5/0836 ,  A61B5/029 ,  G01N33/497 ,  G01N2001/2244

摘要： Methods for estimating the volume of the carbon dioxide stores of an individual's respiratory tract include determining a carbon dioxide store volume at which a correlation between corresponding signals of carbon dioxide elimination and an indicator of the content of carbon dioxide in blood of the individual is optimized. The estimate of the volume of carbon dioxide stores, which comprises a model of the respiratory tract, or lungs, of the individual, may be used as a transformation to improve the accuracy of one or both of the carbon dioxide elimination and carbon dioxide content signals. Transformation, or filtering, algorithms are also disclosed, as are systems in which the methods and algorithms may be used. The methods, algorithms, and systems may be used to accurately and noninvasively determine one or both of the pulmonary capillary blood flow and cardiac output of the individual.

摘要翻译： 用于估计个体呼吸道二氧化碳储存体积的方法包括确定二氧化碳储存容积，其中二氧化碳消除的相应信号与个体血液中二氧化碳含量的指标被优化之间的相关性。 包括个人呼吸道或肺的模型的二氧化碳储存量的估算可以用作改善二氧化碳消除和二氧化碳含量信号中的一种或两种的准确性的转化 。 还公开了转换或滤波算法，以及可以使用方法和算法的系统。 方法，算法和系统可用于精确地和非侵入性地确定个体的肺毛细血管血流量和心输出量中的一个或两个。

公开(公告)号：US07074196B2

公开(公告)日：2006-07-11

申请号：US11102072

申请日：2005-04-08

申请人： Kai Kück ,  Joseph A. Orr ,  Lara Brewer

发明人： Kai Kück ,  Joseph A. Orr ,  Lara Brewer

IPC分类号： A61B5/00

CPC分类号： A61B5/0836 ,  A61B5/029 ,  G01N33/497 ,  G01N2001/2244

摘要： Methods for estimating the volume of the carbon dioxide stores of an individual's respiratory tract include determining a carbon dioxide store volume at which a correlation between corresponding signals of carbon dioxide elimination and an indicator of the content of carbon dioxide in blood of the individual is optimized. The estimate of the volume of carbon dioxide stores, which comprises a model of the respiratory tract, or lungs, of the individual, may be used as a transformation to improve the accuracy of one or both of the carbon dioxide elimination and carbon dioxide content signals. Transformation, or filtering, algorithms are also disclosed, as are systems in which the methods and algorithms may be used. The methods, algorithms, and systems may be used to accurately and noninvasively determine one or both of the pulmonary capillary blood flow and cardiac output of the individual.

公开(公告)号：US06955651B2

公开(公告)日：2005-10-18

申请号：US10121219

申请日：2002-04-11

申请人： Kai Kück ,  Joseph A. Orr ,  Lara Brewer

发明人： Kai Kück ,  Joseph A. Orr ,  Lara Brewer

IPC分类号： A61B5/026 ,  A61B5/08 ,  A61B5/083 ,  A61B5/087 ,  G01N1/22 ,  A61B5/00

CPC分类号： A61B5/0836 ,  A61B5/029 ,  G01N33/497 ,  G01N2001/2244

摘要： Methods for estimating the volume of the carbon dioxide stores of an individual's respiratory tract include determining a carbon dioxide store volume at which a correlation between corresponding signals of carbon dioxide elimination and an indicator of the content of carbon dioxide in blood of the individual is optimized. The estimate of the volume of carbon dioxide stores, which comprises a model of the respiratory tract, or lungs, of the individual, may be used as a transformation to improve the accuracy of one or both of the carbon dioxide elimination and carbon dioxide content signals. Transformation, or filtering, algorithms are also disclosed, as are systems in which the methods and algorithms may be used. The methods, algorithms, and systems may be used to accurately and noninvasively determine one or both of the pulmonary capillary blood flow and cardiac output of the individual.

摘要翻译： 用于估计个体呼吸道二氧化碳储存体积的方法包括确定二氧化碳储存容积，其中二氧化碳消除的相应信号与个体血液中二氧化碳含量的指标被优化之间的相关性。 包括个人呼吸道或肺的模型的二氧化碳储存量的估算可以用作改善二氧化碳消除和二氧化碳含量信号中的一种或两种的准确性的转化 。 还公开了转换或滤波算法，以及可以使用方法和算法的系统。 方法，算法和系统可用于精确地和非侵入性地确定个体的肺毛细血管血流量和心输出量中的一个或两个。

公开(公告)号：US08801625B2

公开(公告)日：2014-08-12

申请号：US11347611

申请日：2006-02-03

申请人： Joseph A. Orr ,  Kai Kück

发明人： Joseph A. Orr ,  Kai Kück

IPC分类号： A61B5/02 ,  A61B5/08

CPC分类号： A61B5/0836 ,  A61B5/029 ,  G01N33/497 ,  G01N2001/2244

摘要： Methods for noninvasively determining a pulmonary capillary blood flow or a cardiac output of a subject include determining data of the amount of gas exchanged between blood and gas in lungs of the subject, as well as data of an indicator of the content of the gas in blood of the subject. Such a determination may be made during two or more different states of ventilation. A geometric relationship is identified between data points, with any data points outlying the geometric relationship being disregarded. The remaining data points may be used to estimate or calculate a measure of pulmonary capillary blood flow or cardiac output. Systems that include elements that are configured to effect such methods are also disclosed.

摘要翻译： 用于非侵入性地确定受试者的肺毛细血管血流量或心输出量的方法包括确定受试者肺中血液和气体之间交换的气体量的数据，以及血液中气体含量指标的数据 的主题。 这种确定可以在两个或更多个不同的通气状态下进行。 在数据点之间识别出几何关系，并且忽略几何关系的任何数据点。 剩余的数据点可用于估计或计算肺毛细血管血流量或心输出量的量度。 还公开了包括被配置为实现这些方法的元素的系统。

公开(公告)号：US06258038B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-10

申请号：US09465059

申请日：1999-12-16

申请人： Dinesh G. Haryadi ,  Joseph A. Orr ,  Kai Kück ,  Michael B. Jaffe

发明人： Dinesh G. Haryadi ,  Joseph A. Orr ,  Kai Kück ,  Michael B. Jaffe

IPC分类号： A61B502

CPC分类号： A61B5/14551 ,  A61B5/029 ,  A61B5/083 ,  A61B5/0836

摘要： A method of non-invasively estimating the intrapulmonary shunt in a patient. The method includes non-invasively measuring respiratory flow, respiratory carbon dioxide content, and arterial blood oxygen content. A re-breathing process is employed to facilitate an estimate of the patient's pulmonary capillary blood flow. Any inaccuracies of the arterial blood oxygen content are corrected to provide a substantially accurate arterial blood oxygen content measurement. The respiratory flow, carbon dioxide content and arterial blood oxygen content measurements, and the pulmonary capillary blood flow estimate are employed to estimate an intrapulmonary shunt of the patient. The invention also includes a method of determining the total cardiac output of the patient which considers the estimated intrapulmonary shunt.

摘要翻译： 一种非侵入性估计患者肺内分流的方法。 该方法包括非侵入性地测量呼吸流量，呼吸二氧化碳含量和动脉血氧含量。 采用呼吸过程来促进对患者肺毛细血管血流的估计。 校正动脉血氧含量的任何不准确性，以提供基本上精确的动脉血氧含量测量。 使用呼吸流量，二氧化碳含量和动脉血氧含量测量以及肺毛细血管血流估计来估计患者的肺内分流。 本发明还包括确定考虑到估计的肺内分流的患者的总心输出量的方法。

公开(公告)号：US07025731B2

公开(公告)日：2006-04-11

申请号：US10400717

申请日：2003-03-27

申请人： Joseph A. Orr ,  Kai Kück

发明人： Joseph A. Orr ,  Kai Kück

IPC分类号： A61B5/00

CPC分类号： A61B5/0836 ,  A61B5/029 ,  G01N33/497 ,  G01N2001/2244

摘要： A method for noninvasively determining the pulmonary capillary blood flow or cardiac output of a patient includes measurement of respiratory flow and carbon dioxide pressure of the patient's breathing. These measurements are used to calculate carbon dioxide elimination and an indicator of the carbon dioxide content of the patient's blood. A geometric relationship between the carbon dioxide elimination data and the data of the indicator of carbon dioxide content is determined. At least one set of the data is modified and at least one other determination of a geometric relationship between the data is made to find the most accurate data set. The data may be modified by filtering or clustering. A slope of at least a portion of the geometric relationship is then used to determine the pulmonary capillary blood flow or cardiac output of the patient.

公开(公告)号：US06217524B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-17

申请号：US09150446

申请日：1998-09-09

申请人： Joseph A. Orr ,  Michael B. Jaffe ,  Kai Kück ,  Dinesh G. Haryadi

发明人： Joseph A. Orr ,  Michael B. Jaffe ,  Kai Kück ,  Dinesh G. Haryadi

IPC分类号： A61B502

CPC分类号： A61B5/0836 ,  A61M16/021 ,  A61M2016/0036 ,  A61M2016/103

摘要： A method of continuously, non-invasively determining the cardiac output of a patient. The method includes intermittently measuring the cardiac output, the volume of carbon dioxide exhaled by the patient per breath, and determining the arterial-venous gradient of the patient or a similar substantially constant value by dividing the volume of carbon dioxide exhaled by the measured cardiac output. The arterial-venous gradient or similar substantially constant value may then be employed to determine the cardiac output of the patient on a breath-by-breath basis. The carbon dioxide elimination, which is non-invasively measured as the volume of carbon dioxide exhaled by the patient per breath, is divided by the arterial-venous gradient or the substantially constant value to determine the cardiac output. The method may also include generating a signal to compensate for any non-metabolic changes in the carbon dioxide elimination, arterial-venous gradient, or other respiratory or blood gas profile measurements that may be caused by a change in ventilation or breathing of the patient. The compensatory signal may be employed to modify one or more of the respiratory or blood gas profile measurements in order to facilitate the accurate determination of cardiac output during or after changes in ventilation or breathing.

摘要翻译： 一种连续，非侵入性地确定患者的心输出量的方法。 该方法包括间歇地测量心输出量，每次呼吸患者呼出的二氧化碳的体积，以及通过将所测量的心输出量呼出的二氧化碳的体积除以来确定患者的动脉 - 静脉梯度或类似的基本上恒定的值 。 然后可以采用动脉 - 静脉梯度或类似的基本上恒定的值来确定患者在呼吸基础上的心输出量。 二氧化碳消除，其被非侵入性地测量为每个呼吸患者呼出的二氧化碳的体积，除以动脉 - 静脉梯度或基本上恒定的值以确定心输出量。 该方法还可以包括产生信号以补偿二氧化碳消除，动脉 - 静脉梯度或可能由患者的通气或呼吸改变引起的其它呼吸或血气分布测量中的任何非代谢变化。 补偿信号可以用于修改呼吸或血气剖面测量中的一个或多个，以便于在通气或呼吸改变期间或之后准确确定心输出量。

公开(公告)号：US06238351B1

公开(公告)日：2001-05-29

申请号：US09150136

申请日：1998-09-09

申请人： Joseph A. Orr ,  Michael B. Jaffe ,  Kai Kück ,  Dinesh G. Haryadi

发明人： Joseph A. Orr ,  Michael B. Jaffe ,  Kai Kück ,  Dinesh G. Haryadi

IPC分类号： A61B508

CPC分类号： A61B5/0836 ,  A61B5/029 ,  A61B5/087 ,  G01N33/49 ,  G01N33/497

摘要： A method of compensating for non-metabolic changes in respiratory or blood gas parameters including generating a compensatory signal based on the magnitude of the non-metabolic change and the amount of time elapsed since the onset of the non-metabolic change. The method of the present invention is useful for compensating for non-metabolic changes in non-invasive carbon dioxide elimination measurements and, particularly, when carbon dioxide elimination is employed to determine cardiac output on a non-invasive, continuous basis.

摘要翻译： 补偿呼吸或血液气体参数中的非代谢变化的方法，包括基于非代谢变化的大小和自非代谢变化开始以来经过的时间量产生补偿信号。 本发明的方法可用于补偿非侵入性二氧化碳消除测量中的非代谢变化，特别是当采用二氧化碳消除来确定非侵入性连续的心输出量时。

公开(公告)号：US06210342B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-03

申请号：US09391165

申请日：1999-09-08

申请人： Kai Kück ,  Joseph A. Orr

发明人： Kai Kück ,  Joseph A. Orr

IPC分类号： A61B502

CPC分类号： A61B5/0836 ,  A61B5/029

摘要： A re-breathing method for determining pulmonary capillary blood flow that accounts for changes in the cardiac output or in the carbon dioxide content of the venous blood of a patient. The carbon dioxide elimination and partial pressure of end tidal carbon dioxide of the patient are non-invasively measured prior to re-breathing, during re-breathing, and after re-breathing. The carbon dioxide elimination and the carbon dioxide content of the alveolar blood of the patient at each of the before, during, and after re-breathing phases are then used to calculate the pulmonary capillary blood flow of the patient. A rate of change of carbon dioxide content of the venous blood of the patient may also be calculated and employed in calculating the pulmonary capillary blood flow of the patient.

摘要翻译： 用于确定肺毛细血管血流的再呼吸方法，其考虑了心输出量或患者静脉血二氧化碳含量的变化。 患者的二氧化碳消除和部分潮气二氧化碳的分压在呼吸前，再呼吸期间和再次呼吸之后都是非侵入性的。 然后使用在再呼吸阶段之前，期间和之后患者的二氧化碳消除和患者肺泡血液中的二氧化碳含量来计算患者的肺毛细血管血流量。 也可以计算患者的静脉血二氧化碳含量的变化率，并用于计算患者的肺毛细血管血流量。

公开(公告)号：US06540689B1

公开(公告)日：2003-04-01

申请号：US09510702

申请日：2000-02-22

申请人： Joseph A. Orr ,  Kai Kück

发明人： Joseph A. Orr ,  Kai Kück

IPC分类号： A61B500

CPC分类号： A61B5/0836 ,  A61B5/029 ,  G01N33/497 ,  G01N2001/2244

摘要： A method of noninvasively determining the pulmonary capillary blood flow or cardiac output of a patient, including the use of rebreathing techniques to measure the respiratory flow and carbon dioxide pressure of the patient's breathing. These measurements are used to calculate carbon dioxide elimination and an indicator of the carbon dioxide content of the patient's blood, such as the end-tidal pressure of carbon dioxide (PetCO2), CaCO2, or pCO2. The location and orientation of a best-fit line through the carbon dioxide elimination data and the data of the indicator of carbon dioxide content is determined by linear regression or by plotting the carbon dioxide elimination data against the data of the indicator of carbon dioxide content. At least one set of the data is modified and at least one other determination of the best-fit line made to find a data set that correlates most closely to the best-fit line. The data may be modified by filtering or clustering. The slope of the best-fit line that correlates most closely to the data is then used to determine the pulmonary capillary blood flow or cardiac output of the patient. When the indicator of carbon dioxide content is CaCO2, the negative of the slope of the best-fit line is equal to the pulmonary capillary blood flow of the patient.

摘要翻译： 一种非侵入性地确定患者的肺毛细血管血流量或心输出量的方法，包括使用再呼吸技术来测量患者呼吸的呼吸流量和二氧化碳压力。 这些测量用于计算二氧化碳消除和患者血液中二氧化碳含量的指标，例如二氧化碳（PetCO2），CaCO2或pCO2的最终潮汐压力。 通过二氧化碳消除数据和二氧化碳含量指标的数据，最佳拟合线的位置和方向由线性回归确定，或通过绘制二氧化碳消除数据与二氧化碳含量指标的数据。 至少一组数据被修改，并且为找到与最佳拟合线最相关的数据集的最佳拟合线的至少一个其他确定。 可以通过过滤或聚类修改数据。 然后将与数据最相关的最佳拟合线的斜率用于确定患者的肺毛细血管血流量或心输出量。 当二氧化碳含量指标为CaCO2时，最佳拟合线的斜率的负值等于患者的肺毛细血管血流量。