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公开(公告)号：US4030832A
公开(公告)日：1977-06-21
申请号：US548607
申请日：1975-02-10
CPC分类号： G01B11/272 , G01C15/006
摘要： A grade rod and method of operation for use in a surveying system employing a laser beam which is rotated in a plane. A flexible tape formed with a graduated scale is mounted for movement in a loop within the housing. A slider on the tape carries a pair of closely spaced-apart light detectors as well as electronic circuitry which discriminates between laser beam pulses and sunlight. Output signals from the circuitry on the slider are fed into a control circuit in the housing through a flexible cable which is carried in a traveling loop. Scale indicators are mounted for movement with the slider along a fixed scale which is provided on the housing, and a manually operated cursor is mounted for movement along the housing. The control circuit includes means for driving the tape and slider in a search mode until a light pulse from the laser hits a detector, and then in a track mode for centering the detectors on the plane of the laser beam. A circuit is provided for returning the slider to its home position should the beam be interrupted for a period of time, and also for returning the slider to its home position should no laser beam be detected. A stutter-start circuit is employed for operation in a track mode for a short time period after activation before switching to the search mode.
摘要翻译： 一种使用在平面中旋转的激光束的测量系统中的等级杆和操作方法。 形成有刻度尺的柔性带安装成用于在壳体内的环路中移动。 磁带上的滑块携带一对紧密间隔开的光检测器以及区分激光束脉冲和阳光的电子电路。 来自滑块上的电路的输出信号通过在运行环路中承载的柔性电缆馈送到壳体中的控制电路。 安装比例指示器以沿着设置在壳体上的固定刻度滑块滑动，并且安装手动操作的光标以沿着壳体移动。 控制电路包括用于以搜索模式驱动磁带和滑块的装置，直到来自激光器的光脉冲撞击检测器，然后以轨道模式将检测器对准在激光束的平面上。 如果光束被中断一段时间，则提供电路使滑块返回到其原始位置，并且如果没有检测到激光束，则还将滑块返回到其原始位置。 在切换到搜索模式之前，在激活之后的短时间段内采用立体起动电路在轨道模式下操作。
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公开(公告)号：US4225226A
公开(公告)日：1980-09-30
申请号：US974369
申请日：1978-12-29
CPC分类号： G05D1/0202 , G01S17/87
摘要： This invention provides a method for controlling the path of a crop spraying aircraft in making repeated traverses over a field to insure that each traverse is laterally spaced from the adjacent traverse by the proper distance to assure adequate coverage of the crop land with the material being sprayed and avoiding over-lapping or insufficient coverage of any portion of the crop land. In accordance with the method of the invention, the crop spraying aircraft carries a rotating laser beam transmitter and receiver, and the transmitted beam is reflected from a plurality of reflectors located on the ground at known positions relative to each other to provide successive reflections of the transmitted laser beam from which the angular positions of the aircraft relative to the reflectors may be continuously determined. After an initial pass over the field to establish the spray path, the position of the aircraft may be continuously computed by a microprocessor and an error signal generated during each subsequent pass to indicate to the aircraft operator whether the aircraft should be steered more to the right or left to stay on the desired spraying path.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于控制作物喷洒飞机在场上进行重复穿越的路径的方法，以确保每个横移与相邻横动横向间隔适当距离，以确保用喷涂材料充分覆盖作物陆地 并避免覆盖任何部分作物土地的覆盖或覆盖不足。 根据本发明的方法，作物喷洒飞机携带旋转的激光束发射器和接收器，并且所发射的光束相对于彼此在已知位置处从位于地面上的多个反射器反射，以提供连续的反射 可以连续地确定飞行器相对于反射器的角位置的激光束。 在初步通过现场以建立喷射路径之后，飞机的位置可以由微处理器连续计算，并且在每次后续通过期间产生的误差信号，以向飞机操作者指示飞机是否应更多地向右转向 或留在所需的喷洒路径上。
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3.发明授权Laser measuring method and laser measuring system having fan-shaped tilted laser beams and three known points of photodetection system 有权激光测量方法和具有扇形倾斜激光束的激光测量系统和三个已知的光电检测系统公开(公告)号：US07196302B2
公开(公告)日：2007-03-27
申请号：US11070912
申请日：2005-03-03
申请人： Fumio Ohtomo , Kazuki Osaragi , Kunihiro Hayashi , Richard W. Davidson , Clyde C. Goad , Vernon J. Brabec , Eduardo F. Falcon , Richard J. Jackson
发明人： Fumio Ohtomo , Kazuki Osaragi , Kunihiro Hayashi , Richard W. Davidson , Clyde C. Goad , Vernon J. Brabec , Eduardo F. Falcon , Richard J. Jackson
IPC分类号： G01C21/02
CPC分类号： G01C15/004 , G01C15/002
摘要： A laser measuring method in a laser measuring system, which comprises a rotary laser system for projecting a laser beam by rotary irradiation and at least one photodetection system having at least one photodetector for receiving the laser beam, comprising a step of emitting at least two fan-shaped laser beams by the rotary laser system, at least one of the fan-shaped laser beams being tilted, a step of receiving the laser beams at least at three known points by the photodetection system, a step of obtaining elevation angles with respect to the rotary laser system based on photodetection signals which are formed when the photodetector receives the laser beam, and a step of measuring an installing position of the rotary laser system based on elevation angles and position data at the three known points.
摘要翻译： 一种激光测量系统中的激光测量方法，包括用于通过旋转照射投射激光束的旋转激光系统和至少一个具有用于接收激光束的至少一个光电检测器的光电检测系统，包括发射至少两个风扇 通过旋转激光系统形成的激光束，至少一个扇形激光束倾斜，至少通过光电检测系统在三个已知点处接收激光束的步骤，获得相对于 基于在光电检测器接收激光束时形成的光检测信号的旋转激光系统，以及基于三个已知点处的仰角和位置数据来测量旋转激光系统的安装位置的步骤。
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公开(公告)号：US4733355A
公开(公告)日：1988-03-22
申请号：US828155
申请日：1986-02-10
CPC分类号： G01S15/18 , E02F3/842 , E02F3/847 , B60G2300/09 , B60G2401/176
摘要： A non-contacting range sensing and control device for controlling the position of a grading implement relative to a datum is disclosed. The device includes a non-contacting distance measuring device that periodically measures the separation distance between the distance measuring device and the datum. Also included is a reference circuit that defines consecutive first, second, and third intervals for comparison to the separation distance, and a comparison circuit that periodically compares the intervals to the separation distance, and generates a positive error signal if the separation distance is within the limits of the first interval, generates no error signal if the separation distance is within the limits of the second interval, and generates a negative error signal if the separation distance is within the limits of the third interval.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于控制分级工具相对于基准的位置的非接触式范围感测和控制装置。 该装置包括周期性地测量距离测量装置与基准面之间的距离的非接触式距离测量装置。 还包括一个参考电路，其定义用于与分离距离进行比较的连续的第一，第二和第三间隔，以及比较电路，其周期性地将间隔与间隔距离进行比较，并且如果分离距离在 如果间隔距离在第二间隔的限度内，则第一间隔的极限不产生误差信号，如果间隔距离在第三间隔的限度内，则产生负误差信号。
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公开(公告)号：US6011613A
公开(公告)日：2000-01-04
申请号：US014181
申请日：1998-01-27
CPC分类号： G01C15/004 , G01S17/06 , G01S17/74
摘要： A laser survey instrument, which comprises at least a main unit for emitting a laser beam and an object reflector for reflecting the laser beam from the main unit toward the main unit, whereby said main unit comprises an emitter for emitting the laser beam, a rotating unit for rotating and scanning the laser beam, a tilting mechanism for tilting the laser beam at an arbitrary angle at least in one direction with respect to a horizontal plane, a rotating angle detector interlocked with the rotating unit and for detecting irradiating direction of the laser beam, a reflection light detector for detecting reflection light from the object reflector, and an alignment display unit for detecting a deviation of direction with respect to the object reflector and a deviation of tilt angle based on a signal from the reflection light detector and for obtaining information on the deviation of direction or the tilt angle, the laser beam emitted from the main unit is irradiated to scan, the center of the object reflector is determined based on the laser beam reflected from the object reflector during scanning process, information on a deviation of direction of the main unit and a deviation of tilt angle is displayed, or direction and tilt angle of the main unit are corrected automatically based on the deviation of direction thus obtained or on the deviation of tilt angle thus obtained.
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公开(公告)号：US5854988A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-29
申请号：US658702
申请日：1996-06-05
CPC分类号： E02F9/26
摘要： A method of using a touch screen control panel to input and display data to control excavation by an excavator includes the steps of: (1) providing a display panel with a touch-sensitive screen at a position accessible to an operator; (2) inputting data by touching the display panel to define a desired contour of the excavated surface; (3) displaying on the display panel information representing the desired contour of the excavated surface; and (4) controlling movement of the excavator bucket to excavate the desired contour of the excavated surface. The display panel displays a sequence of screens that convey information to the operator and permit the operator to select operational modes and to input data to define the control parameters for the various operational modes.
摘要翻译： 一种使用触摸屏控制面板输入和显示数据以控制挖掘机挖掘的方法包括以下步骤：（1）在操作员可接近的位置向显示面板提供触摸屏; （2）通过触摸显示面板来输入数据，以定义挖掘表面的期望轮廓; （3）在显示面板上显示表示挖掘面的期望轮廓的信息; （4）控制挖掘机铲斗的运动，挖掘挖掘面的期望轮廓。 显示面板显示向操作者传达信息的屏幕序列，并允许操作者选择操作模式并输入数据以定义各种操作模式的控制参数。
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7.发明授权Grading implement elevation controller with tracking station and reference laser beam 失效具有跟踪站和参考激光束的分级工具升降控制器
公开(公告)号：US5771978A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-30
申请号：US658655
申请日：1996-06-05
CPC分类号： G01C15/002 , E02F3/847
摘要： A control system is disclosed that controls the position of a grading implement of a construction machine according to a site plan. The control system has three basic components: a stationary tracking station, a computer connected to the tracking station, and an implement controller attached to the construction machine. The tracking station measures a distance and an azimuth (horizontal) angle to a remote target located on the construction machine and communicates that position information to the computer. The computer consults a stored site plan to determine what elevation is desired at that position and calculates a corresponding zenith (vertical) angle, and communicates the desired zenith angle to the tracking station. The tracking station in turn positions a zenith-reference laser beam at the desired zenith angle. The implement controller senses the zenith-reference laser beam and adjusts the grading implement relative to the zenith-reference laser beam until its desired position is obtained.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种控制系统，其根据现场规划来控制施工机械的分级工具的位置。 控制系统具有三个基本部件：固定跟踪站，连接到跟踪站的计算机以及附着在施工机器上的实施控制器。 跟踪站测量与位于建筑机械上的远程目标的距离和方位（水平）角度，并将该位置信息传送到计算机。 计算机咨询存储的场地计划，以确定该位置处希望的高程，并计算相应的天顶（垂直）角度，并将所需的天顶角传达到跟踪站。 跟踪站依次将天顶参照激光束定位在所需的天顶角。 工具控制器感测天顶参照激光束，并调整相对于天顶参照激光束的分级工具，直至获得所需的位置。
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公开(公告)号：US4820041A
公开(公告)日：1989-04-11
申请号：US930792
申请日：1986-11-12
CPC分类号： G01C15/004 , E02F3/842 , E02F3/847 , E02F9/2025 , G01S5/16
摘要： A position sensing apparatus and method useful for surveying, marking, and grading implement sensing and control is disclosed. The position sensing apparatus includes two laser reference stations, each of which projects a laser beam that periodically sweeps in a plane across the area to be surveyed. Each time a laser beam strikes the opposite reference station, a radio timing signal is broadcast by that reference station. The position sensing apparatus also includes a portable sensing station that comprises a laser beam receiver, a radio reciever, and a programmed computer. The planar position of the portable sensing station relative to the reference stations is computed by a triangulation technique based on the relative timing of detection of the laser beams by the laser beam receiver and the reception of the radio timing signals by the radio receiver. Elevation is determined according to the height at which one of the laser beams strikes the laser beam receiver.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于测量，标记和分级实现感测和控制的位置检测装置和方法。 位置检测装置包括两个激光基准站，每个激光基准站投射一个激光束，该激光束在待测区域周围扫描一个平面。 每次激光束撞击相对的参考站时，无线电定时信号由该参考站广播。 位置检测装置还包括便携式感测站，其包括激光束接收器，无线电接收器和编程的计算机。 便携式感测站相对于参考站的平面位置通过基于激光束接收机对激光束的检测的相对定时和无线电接收机对无线电定时信号的接收的三角测量技术来计算。 根据激光束中的一个激光束接收器的高度来确定仰角。
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公开(公告)号：US06249338B1
公开(公告)日：2001-06-19
申请号：US09496307
申请日：2000-02-01
IPC分类号： G01C308
CPC分类号： G01C15/004 , G01S17/06 , G01S17/74
摘要： A laser survey instrument, which comprises at least a main unit for emitting a laser beam and an object reflector for reflecting the laser beam from the main unit toward the main unit, whereby said main unit comprises an emitter for emitting the laser beam, a rotating unit for rotating and scanning the laser beam, a tilting mechanism for tilting the laser beam at an arbitrary angle at least in one direction with respect to a horizontal plane, a rotating angle detector interlocked with the rotating unit and for detecting irradiating direction of the laser beam, a reflection light detector for detecting reflection light from the object reflector, and an alignment display unit for detecting a deviation of direction with respect to the object reflector and a deviation of tilt angle based on a signal from the reflection light detector and for obtaining information on the deviation of direction or the tilt angle, the laser beam emitted from the main unit is irradiated to scan, the center of the object reflector is determined based on the laser beam reflected from the object reflector during scanning process, information on a deviation of direction of the main unit and a deviation of tilt angle is displayed, or direction and tilt angle of the main unit are corrected automatically based on the deviation of direction thus obtained or on the deviation of tilt angle thus obtained.
摘要翻译： 一种激光测量仪器，其至少包括用于发射激光束的主单元和用于将来自主单元的激光束反射到主单元的物体反射器，由此所述主单元包括用于发射激光束的发射器，旋转 用于旋转和扫描激光束的单元，用于相对于水平面至少在一个方向上以任意角度倾斜激光束的倾斜机构，与旋转单元互锁并用于检测激光器的照射方向的旋转角度检测器 用于检测来自对象反射体的反射光的反射光检测器和用于检测相对于目标反射体的方向的偏差的对准显示单元和基于来自反射光检测器的信号的倾斜角的偏差，并且用于获得 关于方向偏离或倾斜角的信息，从主体发射的激光束被照射扫描中心 基于在扫描处理期间从对象反射体反射的激光束确定目标反射体，显示关于主单元的方向的偏差和倾斜角的偏差的信息，或者主体的方向和倾斜角度被自动校正 基于如此获得的方向的偏差或由此获得的倾斜角的偏差。
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公开(公告)号：US6075586A
公开(公告)日：2000-06-13
申请号：US314825
申请日：1999-05-19
CPC分类号： G01C15/004 , G01S17/06 , G01S17/74
摘要： A laser survey instrument, which comprises at least a main unit for emitting a laser beam and an object reflector for reflecting the laser beam from the main unit toward the main unit, whereby said main unit comprises an emitter for emitting the laser beam, a rotating unit for rotating and scanning the laser beam, a tilting mechanism for tilting the laser beam at an arbitrary angle at least in one direction with respect to a horizontal plane, a rotating angle detector interlocked with the rotating unit and for detecting irradiating direction of the laser beam, a reflection light detector for detecting reflection light from the object reflector, and an alignment display unit for detecting a deviation of direction with respect to the object reflector and a deviation of tilt angle based on a signal from the reflection light detector and for obtaining information on the deviation of direction or the tilt angle, the laser beam emitted from the main unit is irradiated to scan, the center of the object reflector is determined based on the laser beam reflected from the object reflector during scanning process, information on a deviation of direction of the main unit and a deviation of tilt angle is displayed, or direction and tilt angle of the main unit are corrected automatically based on the deviation of direction thus obtained or on the deviation of tilt angle thus obtained.
摘要翻译： 一种激光测量仪器，其至少包括用于发射激光束的主单元和用于将来自主单元的激光束反射到主单元的物体反射器，由此所述主单元包括用于发射激光束的发射器，旋转 用于旋转和扫描激光束的单元，用于相对于水平面至少在一个方向上以任意角度倾斜激光束的倾斜机构，与旋转单元互锁并用于检测激光器的照射方向的旋转角度检测器 用于检测来自对象反射体的反射光的反射光检测器和用于检测相对于目标反射体的方向的偏差的对准显示单元和基于来自反射光检测器的信号的倾斜角的偏差，并且用于获得 关于方向偏离或倾斜角的信息，从主体发射的激光束被照射扫描中心 基于在扫描处理期间从对象反射体反射的激光束确定目标反射体，显示关于主单元的方向的偏差和倾斜角的偏差的信息，或者主体的方向和倾斜角度被自动校正 基于如此获得的方向的偏差或由此获得的倾斜角的偏差。
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