公开(公告)号：US3729624A

公开(公告)日：1973-04-24

申请号：US3729624D

申请日：1971-08-05

Applicant: TEXACO INC

Inventor： HOPKINS W ,  CHVATAL L ,  EDWARDS R

IPC: B01J19/00 ,  C07C1/00 ,  C07C2/62 ,  C07C9/16 ,  C07C67/00 ,  G01N33/00 ,  G01N33/22 ,  G05B13/00 ,  G05B13/02 ,  G06G7/58

CPC classification number: C07C2/62 ,  B01J19/0086 ,  Y10S208/01

Abstract: A system controls the strength of acid used as the catalyst in an alkylation unit, which reacts olefins with isoparaffin, in accordance with the average strength of the acid and the anticipated required strength of the acid. A signal corresponding to the average acid strength is developed by analog computers solving equations, hereinafter disclosed, using an output from an acid analyzer corresponding to the density of the acid and a signal corresponding to the volume of caustic used in analyzing the acid. An anticipated required acid strength signal is developed by an analog computer from signals, corresponding to the flow rate and composition of the olefin, from a flow rate sensor and chromatograph means, respectively, in accordance with equations hereinafter disclosed. Another analog computer provides signals for setting the set point of a flow recorder controller in accordance with the average acid strength signal, the anticipated required acid strength signal and equations hereinafter disclosed. The flow recorder controller controls the flow rate acid being discharged from the alkylation unit so as to control the quantity of fresh acid entering the alkylation unit thereby controlling the strength of the acid.

Abstract translation: 系统控制根据酸的平均强度和预期需要的酸强度在烷基化单元中用作催化剂的酸的强度，其使烯烃与异链烷烃反应。 对应于平均酸强度的信号由以下公开的模拟计算机求解方程式开发，使用酸分析仪的输出对应于酸的浓度和对应于用于分析酸的苛性碱的体积的信号。 根据下文所公开的方程，由模拟计算机根据来自分别来自流量传感器和色谱装置的来自相应于烯烃的流速和组成的信号，开发预期所需的酸强度信号。 另一个模拟计算机提供用于根据平均酸强度信号，预期的所需酸强度信号和以下公开的方程来设置流量记录器控制器的设定点的信号。 流量记录器控制器控制从烷基化单元排出的流量酸，从而控制进入烷基化单元的新鲜酸的量，从而控制酸的强度。

公开(公告)号：US3733474A

公开(公告)日：1973-05-15

申请号：US3733474D

申请日：1971-09-01

Applicant: TEXACO INC

Inventor： EDWARDS R ,  HOPKINS W ,  CHVATAL L ,  COOPER T

IPC: G01N30/86 ,  G01N31/08 ,  G06G7/48

CPC classification number: G01N30/8624

Abstract: The apparatus includes a chromatograph which samples material and provides a first signal, having peaks corresponding to different constituents of the material, and a pulse signal. Each pulse in the pulse signal coincides with a different peak amplitude occuring in the first signal. In accordance with the signals from the chromatograph, one circuit determines the area under the curve, the curve being the first signal, for each peak in the first signal. Another circuit determines a different baseline for each peak and the area under each baseline. A third circuit receiving signals from the first two circuits effectively subtracts each baseline area fro a peak from the area under the curve associated with the peak to determine a peak area for each peak. The peak area signals are multiplied by thermal conductivity factors to provide signals corresponding to the concentration of the components of the material. A programmer responsive to the pulse signal from the chromatograph controls sample and hold circuits receiving the first signal from the chromatograph to provide peak height voltages. The peak height voltage for each peak is divided into a corresponding percent concentration signal to provide a correction signal. The correction signals are multiplied with the peak height voltages to provide corrected signals corresponding to the concentrations of the components of the material. The corrected signals are normalized by summing the corrected signals and dividing each corrected signal by the resulting sum signal.

Abstract translation: 该装置包括色谱仪，其对材料进行采样并提供具有对应于材料的不同成分的峰值的第一信号和脉冲信号。 脉冲信号中的每个脉冲与在第一信号中出现的不同峰值幅度一致。 根据色谱仪的信号，对于第一个信号中的每个峰值，一个电路确定曲线下的面积，该曲线是第一个信号。 另一个电路确定每个峰值和每个基线下面积的不同基线。 接收来自前两个电路的信号的第三电路有效地从与峰值相关的曲线下的区域中减去峰值的每个基线区域，以确定每个峰值的峰值面积。 峰面积信号乘以热导率因子，以提供与材料成分浓度相对应的信号。 响应于来自色谱仪的脉冲信号的编程器控制采样和保持电路从色谱仪接收第一信号以提供峰值电压。 每个峰值的峰高电压被分成相应的百分比浓度信号以提供校正信号。 校正信号与峰值高度电压相乘以提供对应于材料组分浓度的校正信号。 校正的信号通过对校正信号求和并将每个校正信号除以所得到的和信号进行归一化。

公开(公告)号：US3829376A

公开(公告)日：1974-08-13

申请号：US21432271

申请日：1971-12-30

Applicant: TEXACO INC

Inventor： HOPKINS W ,  CHVATAL L ,  WHITE W

IPC: G05D9/00 ,  C10G35/24 ,  G05D9/12 ,  C10G23/00

CPC classification number: C10G35/24 ,  G05D9/12 ,  Y10S208/01 ,  Y10T137/0324

Abstract: APPARATUS CONTROLS THE LEVEL OF OIL IN A SURGE TANK IN A PROCESSING UNIT OF A REFINING SYSTEM, RECEIVING A CHARGE LIQUID AND WHICH IN TURN PROVIDES A CHARGE LIQUID TO A SECOND PROCESSING UNIT OF THE REFINING SYSTEM. A SIGNAL IS PROVIDED CORRESPONDING TO A DESIRED CHANGE >FR TO BE MADE IN THE FLOW RATE OF THE SECOND PROCESSING UNIT CHARGE LIQUID. A FIRST CHANGE NETWORK RECEIVING THE CHANGE SIGNAL DETERMINES THE MAGNITUDE OF THE DESIRED CHANGE TO THE SECOND PROCESSING UNIT CHARGE LIQUID FLOW RATE AND PROVIDES A FLOW RATE SIGNAL FOR CONTROLLING THE FIRST PROCESSING UNIT CHARGE LIQUID FLOW RATE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE DESIRED CHANGE SIGNAL. THE CHANGE >FH IN THE FIRST PROCSESSING UNIT CHARGE LIQUID FLOW RATE MAY BE EQUAL TO OR SOME PORTION OF THE CHANGE >FR TO BE MADE IN THE SECOND PROCESSING UNIT LIQUID FLOW RATE DEPENDING ON THE MAAGNNITUDE OF THE CHANGE SIGNAL. THE CHANGE >FH DIFFERES IN DIFFERENT PROPORTIONS DEPENDING ON THE MAGNITUDE OF THE CHANGE >FR. THE NETWORK INCLUDES AN ABSOLUTE VALUE CIRCUIT WHICH PROVIDES A SIGNAL CORRESPONDING TO THE MAGNITUDE OF THE CHANGE SIGNAL. THE CHANGE IN THE SECOND PROCESSING UNIT CHARGE LIQUID FLOW RATE IS DELAYED FOR A PREDETERMINED TIME INTERVAL AND THEN IMPLEMENTED. THE DURATION OF THE TIME INTERVAL IS ALSO DETERMINED AS A FUNCTION OF THE MAGNITUDE OF THE CHANGE >FR.