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公开(公告)号：US3843327A
公开(公告)日：1974-10-22
申请号：US26380272
申请日：1972-06-19
Applicant: TEXACO INC
CPC classification number: C07C2/62 , B01J19/0006 , Y10T137/0324 , Y10T137/7303 , Y10T137/86163 , Y10T137/86196
Abstract: 1. APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING THE LEVELS OF A LIQUID IN A PLURALITY OF VESSELS IN A SYSTEM RECEIVING AND DISCHARGING THE LIQUID, SAID VESSELS BEING CONNECTED IN SERIES BY MEANS FOR CONVEYING THE LIQUID FROM VESSEL TO VESSEL, COMPRISING A PAIR OF CONTROL DEVICES, ONE CONTROL DEVICE IS CONNECTED TO A FIRST VESSEL OF THE PLURALITY OF VESSELS AND IS RESPONSIVE TO A FIRST CONTROL SIGNAL TO CONTROL THE FLOW RATE OF THE LIQUID BEING RECEIVED BY SYSTEM AND ENTERING THE FIRST VESSEL, THE OTHER CONTROL DEVICE IS CONNECTED TO A LAST VESSEL OF THE PLURALITY OF VESSELS AND IS RESPONSIVE TO A SECOND CONTROL SIGNAL TO CONTROL THE LIQUID LEAVING THE LAST VESSEL AND BEING DISCHARGED FROM THE SYSTEM, MEANS CONNECTED TO EACH VESSEL FOR SENSING THE LIQUID LEVEL IN THE VESSEL AND PROVIDING A LIQUID SIGNAL CORRESPONDING THERETO, MEANS CONNECTED TO THE ONE CONTROL DEVICE TO AFFECT THE FLOW RATE OF THE LIQUID, BEING RECEIVED BY THE SYSTEM AND ENTERING THE FIRST VESSEL, MEANS CONNECTED TO EACH CONVEYING MEANS FOR SENSING THE FLOW RATES OF THE LIQUID MOVING BETWEEN VESSELS AND PROVIDING FLOW RATE SIGNALS CORRESPONDING THERETO, MEANS CONNECTED TO EACH CONVEYING MEANS AND TO THE FLOW RATE SENSING MEANS FOR AFFECTING THE FLOW RATES OF THE LIQUID BETWEEN VESSELS IN ACCORDANCE
WITH COMMAND SIGNALS AND THE FLOW RATE SIGNALS, AND CIRCUIT MEANS CONNECTED TO THE FIRST CONTROL SIGNAL MEANS, TO THE LIQUID LEVEL SENSING MEANS, TO THE OTHER CONTROL DEVICE AND TO THE FLOW RATE AFFECTING MEANS FOR PROVIDING THE SECOND CONTROL SIGNAL TO THE OTHER CONTROL DEVICE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE FIRST CONTROL SIGNAL AND AT LAEST ONE LIQUID LEVEL SIGNAL AND FOR PROVIDING THE COMMAND SIGNALS TO THE FLOW RATE AFFECTING MEANS IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE FIRST CONTROL SIGNAL AND AT LEAST ONE LIQUID LEVEL SIGNAL SO AS TO CONTROL THE LIQUID LEVELS IN THE PLURALITY OF VESSELS.-
2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US3729624A
公开(公告)日：1973-04-24
申请号：US3729624D
申请日：1971-08-05
Applicant: TEXACO INC
IPC: B01J19/00 , C07C1/00 , C07C2/62 , C07C9/16 , C07C67/00 , G01N33/00 , G01N33/22 , G05B13/00 , G05B13/02 , G06G7/58
CPC classification number: C07C2/62 , B01J19/0086 , Y10S208/01
Abstract: A system controls the strength of acid used as the catalyst in an alkylation unit, which reacts olefins with isoparaffin, in accordance with the average strength of the acid and the anticipated required strength of the acid. A signal corresponding to the average acid strength is developed by analog computers solving equations, hereinafter disclosed, using an output from an acid analyzer corresponding to the density of the acid and a signal corresponding to the volume of caustic used in analyzing the acid. An anticipated required acid strength signal is developed by an analog computer from signals, corresponding to the flow rate and composition of the olefin, from a flow rate sensor and chromatograph means, respectively, in accordance with equations hereinafter disclosed. Another analog computer provides signals for setting the set point of a flow recorder controller in accordance with the average acid strength signal, the anticipated required acid strength signal and equations hereinafter disclosed. The flow recorder controller controls the flow rate acid being discharged from the alkylation unit so as to control the quantity of fresh acid entering the alkylation unit thereby controlling the strength of the acid.
Abstract translation: 系统控制根据酸的平均强度和预期需要的酸强度在烷基化单元中用作催化剂的酸的强度，其使烯烃与异链烷烃反应。 对应于平均酸强度的信号由以下公开的模拟计算机求解方程式开发，使用酸分析仪的输出对应于酸的浓度和对应于用于分析酸的苛性碱的体积的信号。 根据下文所公开的方程，由模拟计算机根据来自分别来自流量传感器和色谱装置的来自相应于烯烃的流速和组成的信号，开发预期所需的酸强度信号。 另一个模拟计算机提供用于根据平均酸强度信号，预期的所需酸强度信号和以下公开的方程来设置流量记录器控制器的设定点的信号。 流量记录器控制器控制从烷基化单元排出的流量酸，从而控制进入烷基化单元的新鲜酸的量，从而控制酸的强度。
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3.发明授权Means and method for controlling the hydrocarbon content of recycle acid in an alkylation unit 失效用于控制烷基酸在烷基化单元中的含量的方法和方法
公开(公告)号：US3819917A
公开(公告)日：1974-06-25
申请号：US28106372
申请日：1972-08-16
Applicant: TEXACO INC
CPC classification number: C07C2/62 , Y10S208/01
Abstract: A control system and method controls the hydrocarbon of recycle acid in an alkylation unit to maintain a predetermined hydrocarbon content. The hydrocarbon content is controlled by controlling the interface level between the acid phase and the hydrocarbon phase in an acid settler in accordance with sensed densities of fresh acid entering the alkylation unit, crude alkylate provided by the acid settler in the alkylation unit and the recycle acid. A network substantially determines the actual hydrocarbon content of hydrocarbon enriched acid leaving the acid settler a portion of which is provided as the recycle acid, along with the fresh acid, to a contactor. In the contactor, an isoparaffin and an olefin are contacted with the acid to provide an acid-hydrocarbon mix to the acid settler. The settler provides the crude alkylate for further processing.
Abstract translation: 控制系统和方法控制烷基化单元中的再循环酸的烃以保持预定的烃含量。 通过根据感测的进入烷基化单元的新鲜酸的浓度控制酸沉降器中的酸相和烃相之间的界面水平来控制烃含量，烷基化单元中酸沉降器提供的粗烷基化物和再循环酸 。 网络基本上确定离开酸沉降器的富含烃的酸的实际烃含量，其一部分作为再循环酸以及新鲜酸提供给接触器。 在接触器中，异链烷烃和烯烃与酸接触以向酸沉降器提供酸 - 烃混合物。 沉降器提供粗烷基化物进一步处理。
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Patent Agency Ranking4.发明授权Apparatus and method for providing corrected normalized signals corresponding to the composition of a material 失效用于提供与材料组成相关的校正正常信号的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US3733474A
公开(公告)日：1973-05-15
申请号：US3733474D
申请日：1971-09-01
Applicant: TEXACO INC
CPC classification number: G01N30/8624
Abstract: The apparatus includes a chromatograph which samples material and provides a first signal, having peaks corresponding to different constituents of the material, and a pulse signal. Each pulse in the pulse signal coincides with a different peak amplitude occuring in the first signal. In accordance with the signals from the chromatograph, one circuit determines the area under the curve, the curve being the first signal, for each peak in the first signal. Another circuit determines a different baseline for each peak and the area under each baseline. A third circuit receiving signals from the first two circuits effectively subtracts each baseline area fro a peak from the area under the curve associated with the peak to determine a peak area for each peak. The peak area signals are multiplied by thermal conductivity factors to provide signals corresponding to the concentration of the components of the material. A programmer responsive to the pulse signal from the chromatograph controls sample and hold circuits receiving the first signal from the chromatograph to provide peak height voltages. The peak height voltage for each peak is divided into a corresponding percent concentration signal to provide a correction signal. The correction signals are multiplied with the peak height voltages to provide corrected signals corresponding to the concentrations of the components of the material. The corrected signals are normalized by summing the corrected signals and dividing each corrected signal by the resulting sum signal.
Abstract translation: 该装置包括色谱仪，其对材料进行采样并提供具有对应于材料的不同成分的峰值的第一信号和脉冲信号。 脉冲信号中的每个脉冲与在第一信号中出现的不同峰值幅度一致。 根据色谱仪的信号，对于第一个信号中的每个峰值，一个电路确定曲线下的面积，该曲线是第一个信号。 另一个电路确定每个峰值和每个基线下面积的不同基线。 接收来自前两个电路的信号的第三电路有效地从与峰值相关的曲线下的区域中减去峰值的每个基线区域，以确定每个峰值的峰值面积。 峰面积信号乘以热导率因子，以提供与材料成分浓度相对应的信号。 响应于来自色谱仪的脉冲信号的编程器控制采样和保持电路从色谱仪接收第一信号以提供峰值电压。 每个峰值的峰高电压被分成相应的百分比浓度信号以提供校正信号。 校正信号与峰值高度电压相乘以提供对应于材料组分浓度的校正信号。 校正的信号通过对校正信号求和并将每个校正信号除以所得到的和信号进行归一化。
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US3728527A
公开(公告)日：1973-04-17
申请号：US3728527D
申请日：1972-02-24
Applicant: TEXACO INC
IPC: C07C2/56 , C07C1/00 , C07C2/62 , C07C9/16 , C07C67/00 , G01N33/22 , G05B13/00 , G05B13/02 , G06F15/46 , C07C3/52
CPC classification number: C07C2/62 , Y10S208/01 , Y10S585/952
Abstract: A control system controls the acid strength of reaction acid in an alkylation unit reacting an olefin with an isoparaffin in the presence of the reaction acid to eventually produce an alkylate. The system senses the actual reaction acid strength, the discharge acid flow rate, the flow rate of discharge acid leaving the alkylation unit, the bottom products flow rate and the alkylate content of the bottoms product from a debutanizer tower and the propylene and butylene content of the olefin stream entering the alkylation unit. Using equations hereinafter disclosed, along with economic values associated with the acid and the alkylate, the control system periodically determines the optimum reaction acid strength. When the change in the reaction acid strength necessary to achieve the optimum reaction acid strength is less than a predetermined change, the necessary change is implemented. When the necessary change is greater than the predetermined change, the reaction acid strength is changed by an increment equal to the predetermined change. Where the reaction aicd strength is decreased to achieve an optimum reaction acid strength, a minimum limit is imposed on the reaction acid strength to prevent undesirable side reactions, such as olefin polymerization, from occurring.
Abstract translation: 控制系统控制在反应酸存在下使烯烃与异链烷烃反应的烷基化单元中的反应酸的酸强度，以最终产生烷基化物。 该系统检测实际反应酸强度，排出酸流量，离开烷基化单元的排出酸流量，底部产物流速和脱丁烷塔塔底产物的烷基化含量，丙烯和丁烯含量 进入烷基化单元的烯烃流。 使用以下公开的方程式，连同与酸和烷基化物相关的经济值，控制系统周期性地确定最佳反应酸强度。 当实现最佳反应酸强度所需的反应酸强度的变化小于预定的变化时，实施必要的改变。 当必要的变化大于预定变化时，反应酸强度变化等于预定变化的增量。 当反应浓度降低以获得最佳反应酸强度时，对反应酸强度施加最小限度，以防止发生不期望的副反应，例如烯烃聚合。
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公开(公告)号：US3829376A
公开(公告)日：1974-08-13
申请号：US21432271
申请日：1971-12-30
Applicant: TEXACO INC
CPC classification number: C10G35/24 , G05D9/12 , Y10S208/01 , Y10T137/0324
Abstract: APPARATUS CONTROLS THE LEVEL OF OIL IN A SURGE TANK IN A PROCESSING UNIT OF A REFINING SYSTEM, RECEIVING A CHARGE LIQUID AND WHICH IN TURN PROVIDES A CHARGE LIQUID TO A SECOND PROCESSING UNIT OF THE REFINING SYSTEM. A SIGNAL IS PROVIDED CORRESPONDING TO A DESIRED CHANGE >FR TO BE MADE IN THE FLOW RATE OF THE SECOND PROCESSING UNIT CHARGE LIQUID. A FIRST CHANGE NETWORK RECEIVING THE CHANGE SIGNAL DETERMINES THE MAGNITUDE OF THE DESIRED CHANGE TO THE SECOND PROCESSING UNIT CHARGE LIQUID FLOW RATE AND PROVIDES A FLOW RATE SIGNAL FOR CONTROLLING THE FIRST PROCESSING UNIT CHARGE LIQUID FLOW RATE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE DESIRED CHANGE SIGNAL. THE CHANGE >FH IN THE FIRST PROCSESSING UNIT CHARGE LIQUID FLOW RATE MAY BE EQUAL TO OR SOME PORTION OF THE CHANGE >FR TO BE MADE IN THE SECOND PROCESSING UNIT LIQUID FLOW RATE DEPENDING ON THE MAAGNNITUDE OF THE CHANGE SIGNAL. THE CHANGE >FH DIFFERES IN DIFFERENT PROPORTIONS DEPENDING ON THE MAGNITUDE OF THE CHANGE >FR. THE NETWORK INCLUDES AN ABSOLUTE VALUE CIRCUIT WHICH PROVIDES A SIGNAL CORRESPONDING TO THE MAGNITUDE OF THE CHANGE SIGNAL. THE CHANGE IN THE SECOND PROCESSING UNIT CHARGE LIQUID FLOW RATE IS DELAYED FOR A PREDETERMINED TIME INTERVAL AND THEN IMPLEMENTED. THE DURATION OF THE TIME INTERVAL IS ALSO DETERMINED AS A FUNCTION OF THE MAGNITUDE OF THE CHANGE >FR.
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7.发明授权Minimum operating pressure control system and method for controlling a product separator in a catalytic reforming unit 失效用于控制催化转化装置中的产品分离器的最小操作压力控制系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US3731071A
公开(公告)日：1973-05-01
申请号：US3731071D
申请日：1971-06-03
Applicant: TEXACO INC
CPC classification number: C10G35/24 , Y10S208/01
Abstract: A control system for maintaining the operating pressure of a product separator in a catalytic reforming unit at a minimum value so as to provide economical operation. The gas output from the product separator follows two distinct paths: one path includes a charge oil pretreating unit which provides hydrogen from the gas, the other path includes a high pressure absorber which also provides hydrogen from the gas. The pressure necessary at the product separator to provide steady flow in a path is determined for each each path in accordance with equations hereinafter described in detail. The pressures in the paths are sensed and corresponding signals provided. A network determines constraint pressures for the product separator and selects the greater constraint pressure. The control system maintains the product separator at that pressure.
Abstract translation: 一种用于将催化重整单元中的产品分离器的操作压力保持在最小值的控制系统，以便提供经济的操作。 从产品分离器输出的气体遵循两条不同的路径：一条路径包括从气体提供氢气的电荷油预处理单元，另一条路径包括还从气体中提供氢气的高压吸收器。 根据下面详细描述的方程，为每个路径确定产品分离器在路径中提供稳定流量所需的压力。 感测路径中的压力并提供相应的信号。 网络确定产品分离器的约束压力并选择较大的约束压力。 控制系统将产品分离器维持在该压力下。
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公开(公告)号：US3720730A
公开(公告)日：1973-03-13
申请号：US3720730D
申请日：1971-02-24
Applicant: TEXACO INC
CPC classification number: B01J19/0006 , C07C2/62 , Y10T137/0324 , Y10T137/0357
Abstract: A cascade system of series-connected elements senses and controls liquid levels in these elements and senses and controls flow rates of liquid flowing through the series of elements and also of liquid being received and discharged by the system. A signal corresponding to a change in the flow rate of liquid being received by the system (or discharged by the system) along with at least one acid level change provides control signals (1) to regulate each flow rate of liquid between the elements and (2) to regulate the flow rate of liquid that is to be correspondingly discharged (or received) in accordance with said change.
Abstract translation: 串联元件的级联系统感测和控制这些元件中的液位，并且感测和控制流过该系列元件的液体的流速以及系统接收和排出的液体的流速。 对应于由系统（或由系统排出）接收的液体的流量变化以及至少一个酸度变化的信号提供控制信号（1）以调节元件之间的液体的每个流速和（ 2）根据所述变化调节相应地排出（或接收）的液体的流量。
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