公开(公告)号：US4396299A

公开(公告)日：1983-08-02

申请号：US272204

申请日：1981-06-10

申请人： William H. Clingman, Jr. ,  Lyn R. Kennedy

发明人： William H. Clingman, Jr. ,  Lyn R. Kennedy

IPC分类号： G01N31/12 ,  G01N33/22 ,  G01F1/68

CPC分类号： G01N33/225

摘要： Disclosed are methods and apparatus for measuring and determining the total energy flow, that is, BTUs per minute, of combustible gas flowing through a line such as a pipeline. One method includes taking a continuous sample of the gas flowing through the line which sample is a constant proportion of the gas flowing through the line, and burning the sample in equipment which supplies air to the sample in an amount which maximizes its burning temperature. The flow rate of air which produces the maximum burning temperature of the sample is a flow rate which is directly proportional to the rate of energy flow in the main pipeline. Alternately, the flow rate of air which produces a stoichiometric mixture is directly proportional to the rate of energy flow in the main pipeline. Still further, if an excess of air is flowed to the flame, the amount of excess unconsumed oxygen is also a function of the rate of energy flow in the main pipeline. One or another of these parameters is measured. Also disclosed is equipment capable of effectively performing the several steps of the method.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于测量和确定流经管线的可燃气体的总能量流量（即每分钟BTU）的方法和装置。 一种方法包括取出流过管线的气体的连续样品，样品是流过管线的气体的不变比例，并且将样品燃烧到以最大化其燃烧温度的量向样品供应空气的设备中。 产生样品最大燃烧温度的空气的流量是与主管道中的能量流量的速率成正比的流量。 或者，产生化学计量混合物的空气的流量与主管道中的能量流量的速率成正比。 此外，如果过量的空气流向火焰，则过量未消耗氧气的量也是主管道中的能量流量的函数。 测量这些参数中的一个或另一个。 还公开了能够有效地执行该方法的几个步骤的设备。

公开(公告)号：US5224776A

公开(公告)日：1993-07-06

申请号：US752432

申请日：1991-08-15

申请人： William H. Clingman, Jr. ,  Lyn R. Kennedy

发明人： William H. Clingman, Jr. ,  Lyn R. Kennedy

IPC分类号： G01N25/30 ,  G01N33/22

CPC分类号： G01N25/30 ,  G01N33/225

摘要： A method and apparatus for determining the calorific value of a first combustible gas involves mixing the first combustible gas with a second combustible gas having a known calorific value and with a combustion supporting gas and burning the resulting mixture, detecting a property of the burning mixture indicative of whether the burning occurred at the stoichiometric point, adjusting the relative flow rates of the first and second combustible gases and the combustion supporting gas so that said burning occurs substantially at the stoichiometric point or at a selected offset from that point, and ascertaining the volume ratios of the gases at the adjusted flow rate to produce a value proportional to the overall calorific value of the mixture of the first and second combustible gases. Based on the foregoing, the contribution to the overall calorific value made by the second combustible gas having a known calorific value can be deleted to yield the calorific value of the first combustible gas.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / US89 / 00778 Sec。 371日期1991年8月15日 102（e）日本1991年8月15日PCT 1989年2月24日PCT。用于确定第一可燃气体的热值的方法和装置包括将第一可燃气体与具有已知热值的第二可燃气体混合， 燃烧支持气体并燃烧所得混合物，检测燃烧混合物的性质，指示燃烧是否发生在化学计量点，调节第一和第二可燃性气体和燃烧支持气体的相对流量，使得发生燃烧 基本上在化学计量点或从该点开始选择的偏移，并且确定在调节的流速下气体的体积比，以产生与第一和第二可燃气体的混合物的总发热量成比例的值。 基于上述，可以删除对具有已知发热量的第二可燃性气体产生的总发热量的贡献，以产生第一可燃气体的发热量。

公开(公告)号：US5115687A

公开(公告)日：1992-05-26

申请号：US665354

申请日：1991-03-05

申请人： William H. Clingman, Jr. ,  Lyn R. Kennedy

发明人： William H. Clingman, Jr. ,  Lyn R. Kennedy

IPC分类号： G01N1/22 ,  G01N31/12 ,  G01N33/22

CPC分类号： G01N33/225 ,  G01N1/2247 ,  G01N2001/225 ,  G01N33/22

摘要： Disclosed is a method and apparatus for taking a constantly proportional flowing sample of gas flowing through a main line having a first flow restriction therein. According to the teachings of the present of invention, such an apparatus includes a sample line connected to the main line so as to draw a flowing sample of gas from the main line at a point upstream from the first flow restriction; a second flow restriction in the sample line, the second flow restriction being very small relative to the main and sample lines and the first flow restriction; and structure that equalizes the pressure downstream of the first and second flow restrictions.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于使流过其中具有第一流量限制的主线的气体不断成比例地流动的样品的方法和装置。 根据本发明的教导，这种装置包括连接到主线的采样线，以便在第一流量限制的上游点从主线抽取流动的气体样本; 在样品管线中的第二流量限制，第二流动限制相对于主要和取样管线以及第一流量限制非常小; 以及使第一和第二流量限制下游压力相等的结构。

公开(公告)号：US5016482A

公开(公告)日：1991-05-21

申请号：US395135

申请日：1989-08-16

申请人： William H. Clingman, Jr. ,  Lyn R. Kennedy

发明人： William H. Clingman, Jr. ,  Lyn R. Kennedy

IPC分类号： G01N31/12 ,  G01N33/22

CPC分类号： G01N33/225 ,  Y10T137/2521

摘要： Disclosed is a method for taking a constantly proportional flowing sample of gas flowing through a line and which is part of measuring and determining the total energy flow, that is, BTUs per minute, of combustible gas flowing through a line such as a pipeline. One method includes taking a continuous sample of the gas flowing through the line which sample is a constant proportion of the gas flowing through the line, and burning the sample in equipment which supplies air to the sample in an amount which maximizes its burning temperature. The flow rate of air which produces the maximum burning temperature of the sample is a flow rate which is directly proportional to the rate of energy flow in the main pipeline. Alternately, the flow rate of air which produces a stoichiometric mixture is directly proportional to the rate of energy flow in the main pipeline. Still further, if an excess of air is flowed to the flame, the amount of excess unconsumed oxygen is also a function of the rate of energy flow in the main pipeline. One or another of these parameters is measured.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种采用流经管线的气体不断成比例的流动样品的方法，该方法是测量和确定流经管线的可燃气体的总能量流量（即每分钟BTU）的一部分。 一种方法包括取出流过管线的气体的连续样品，样品是流过管线的气体的恒定比例，并且将样品燃烧到以最大化其燃烧温度的量向样品供应空气的设备中。 产生样品最大燃烧温度的空气的流量是与主管道中的能量流量的速率成正比的流量。 或者，产生化学计量混合物的空气的流量与主管道中的能量流量的速率成正比。 此外，如果过量的空气流向火焰，则过量未消耗氧气的量也是主管道中的能量流量的函数。 测量这些参数中的一个或另一个。

公开(公告)号：US4125123A

公开(公告)日：1978-11-14

申请号：US824031

申请日：1977-08-12

申请人： William H. Clingman, Jr.

发明人： William H. Clingman, Jr.

IPC分类号： G01N25/28 ,  G01N25/30

CPC分类号： G01N25/28 ,  Y10T137/1987 ,  Y10T137/7759

摘要： Method of and means for accurately measuring the calorific value of combustible gases wherein a mixture of combustible gas and combustion-supporting gas is burned in a pair of flames, the temperatures of the burned gases in both flames being monitored and the volume ratios of the combustion-supporting gas to the combustible gas fed to both burners being adjusted so as to maintain the average of said temperatures at substantially maximum; the volume ratio of said gases which produces said maximum average temperatures varying substantially directly with the calorific value of said combustible gas; the aforesaid calorific value being proportional to said volume ratio of said gases which maximizes said average temperatures; the flow rates of said gases being measured by a single flow sensing system, preferably, of the turbine flowmeter types, or the volumetric flow rate of said combustion-supporting gas being maintained at a constant value while the volumetric flow rate of said combustible gas is being measured; said calorific value measuring method and means being unaffected by ambient temperature and other varying environmental factors.

摘要翻译： 用于精确测量可燃气体的热值的方法和装置，其中可燃气体和燃烧负载气体的混合物在一对火焰中燃烧，两个火焰中的燃烧气体的温度被监测，并且燃烧的体积比 供给到两个燃烧器的可燃气体的支撑气体被调节以便将所述温度的平均值保持在基本上最大值; 产生所述最大平均温度的所述气体的体积比基本上直接与​​所述可燃气体的热值变化; 上述热值与所述气体的体积比成比例，使所述平均温度最大化; 所述气体的流量通过单个流量感测系统测量，优选涡轮流量计类型，或所述燃烧负载气体的体积流量保持在恒定值，而所述可燃气体的体积流量为 被测量 所述热值测量方法和装置不受环境温度和其他变化的环境因素的影响。

公开(公告)号：US4062236A

公开(公告)日：1977-12-13

申请号：US682578

申请日：1976-05-03

申请人： William H. Clingman, Jr.

发明人： William H. Clingman, Jr.

IPC分类号： G01N25/28 ,  G01N25/30

CPC分类号： G01N25/28 ,  Y10T137/1987 ,  Y10T137/7759

摘要： Method of and means for accurately measuring the calorific value of combustible gases wherein a mixture of combustible gas and combustion-supporting gas is burned in a pair of flames, the temperatures of the burned gases in both flames being monitored and the volume ratios of the combustion-supporting gas to the combustible gas fed to both burners being adjusted so as to maintain the average of said temperatures at substantially maximum; the volume ratio of said gases which produces said maximum average temperatures varying substantially directly with the calorific value of said combustible gas; the aforesaid calorific value being proportional to said volume ratio of said gases which maximizes said average temperatures; the flow rates of said gases being measured by a single flow sensing system, preferably, of the turbine flowmeter types, or the volumetric flow rate of said combustion-supporting gas being maintained at a constant value while the volumetric flow rate of said combustible gas is being measured; said calorific value measuring method and means being unaffected by ambient temperature and other varying environmental factors.

摘要翻译： 用于精确测量可燃气体的热值的方法和装置，其中可燃气体和燃烧负载气体的混合物在一对火焰中燃烧，两个火焰中的燃烧气体的温度被监测，并且燃烧的体积比 供给到两个燃烧器的可燃气体的支撑气体被调节以便将所述温度的平均值保持在基本上最大值; 产生所述最大平均温度的所述气体的体积比基本上直接与​​所述可燃气体的热值变化; 上述热值与所述气体的体积比成比例，使所述平均温度最大化; 所述气体的流量通过单个流量感测系统测量，优选涡轮流量计类型，或所述燃烧负载气体的体积流量保持在恒定值，而所述可燃气体的体积流量为 被测量 所述热值测量方法和装置不受环境温度和其他变化的环境因素的影响。

公开(公告)号：US5201581A

公开(公告)日：1993-04-13

申请号：US793753

申请日：1991-11-18

申请人： William H. Vander Heyden ,  William H. Clingman, Jr.

发明人： William H. Vander Heyden ,  William H. Clingman, Jr.

IPC分类号： G01F1/10 ,  G01F1/86 ,  G01F1/90 ,  G01F15/02 ,  G01F15/04 ,  G01N33/22

CPC分类号： G01F15/046 ,  G01F1/90 ,  G01F15/022 ,  G01N33/225

摘要： The present invention is a method and apparatus for monitoring in real time the mass and energy flow rate of a gas through a pipeline. The invention determines the mass flow ratio of a pipeline gas flowing through a pipeline compared to sample gas tapped from the pipeline line when the volumetric flow of pipeline gas through the pipeline is measured by a linear flow meter. Sample gas tapped from the pipeline is flowed to a chamber having a section with a fixed volume until the pressure in the chamber section is substantially equal to the pipeline gas pressure. The sample gas is maintained at substantially the same temperature as the gas in the pipeline while the sample gas is in the chamber section. A timer measures the time interval for the sample gas to flow from the chamber section at a selected rate for a calculated pressure drop the selected rate being controlled by a flow controller. The mass flow ratio is computed using the measured time interval and a signal from the linear flow meter. The energy flow rate of the pipeline gas is determined by measuring the energy flow rate of the sample gas and relating that value to the mass flow ratio of the pipeline gas compared to the sample gas.

公开(公告)号：US4125018A

公开(公告)日：1978-11-14

申请号：US791462

申请日：1977-04-27

申请人： William H. Clingman, Jr.

发明人： William H. Clingman, Jr.

IPC分类号： G01N25/28 ,  G01N25/30

CPC分类号： G01N25/28 ,  Y10T137/1987 ,  Y10T137/7759

摘要： Method of and means for accurately measuring the calorific value of combustible gases wherein a mixture of combustible gas and combustion-supporting gas is burned in a pair of flames, the temperatures of the burned gases in both flames being monitored and the volume ratios of the combustion-supporting gas to the combustible gas fed to both burners being adjusted so as to maintain the average of said temperatures at substantially maximum; the volume ratio of said gases which produces said maximum average temperatures varying substantially directly with the calorific value of said combustible gas; the aforesaid calorific value being proportional to said volume ratio of said gases which maximizes said average temperatures; the flow rates of said gases being measured by a single flow sensing system, preferably, of the turbine flowmeter types, or the volumetric flow rate of said combustion-supporting gas being maintained at a constant value while the volumetric flow rate of said combustible gas is being measured; said calorific value measuring method and means being unaffected by ambient temperature and other varying environmental factors. In one embodiment, automatic calibration of the device is obtained by alternately feeding a standard gas and the unknown gas to the burners.

摘要翻译： 用于精确测量可燃气体的热值的方法和装置，其中可燃气体和燃烧负载气体的混合物在一对火焰中燃烧，两个火焰中的燃烧气体的温度被监测，并且燃烧的体积比 供给到两个燃烧器的可燃气体的支撑气体被调节以便将所述温度的平均值保持在基本上最大值; 产生所述最大平均温度的所述气体的体积比基本上直接与​​所述可燃气体的热值变化; 上述热值与所述气体的体积比成比例，使所述平均温度最大化; 所述气体的流量通过单个流量感测系统测量，优选涡轮流量计类型，或所述燃烧负载气体的体积流量保持在恒定值，而所述可燃气体的体积流量为 被测量 所述热值测量方法和装置不受环境温度和其他变化的环境因素的影响。 在一个实施例中，通过将标准气体和未知气体交替地供给到燃烧器来获得装置的自动校准。