摘要:
Disclosed herein are a composition for treating motor neuron diseases, particularly amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), using mesenchymal stem cells, and a method for treating motor neuron diseases using the composition. The composition and treatment method can provide effective therapy for motor neuron diseases, particularly for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
摘要:
A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device. In one example embodiment, a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device includes various steps. First, a dielectric layer is formed on the whole surface of a semiconductor substrate that includes an upper surface of a transistor. Next, a trench and a contact hole are formed by etching the dielectric layer so that the upper surface of the transistor is exposed. Then, a contact is formed by embedding a first conductive layer in the contact hole. Next, an etching stop layer is selectively forming on an upper part of the contact. Then, the semiconductor device is blanket-etched such that the first conductive layer remains in the trench. Next, the etching stop layer is removed. Finally, a metal line is formed by embedding a second conductive layer in the trench.
摘要:
Embodiments relate to a metal wiring in a semiconductor device that may be formed by depositing a metal layer on a semiconductor substrate, and performing ion bombardment on a surface of the metal layer to thereby forming the metal wiring. According to embodiments, the metal layer may be etched and ion bombardment may then be performed on the surface of the metal wiring to form the metal wiring.
摘要:
A backlight driving apparatus is disclosed which is capable of simplifying a circuit configuration for driving of a plurality of light emitting diode arrays and making the current balance of the light emitting diode arrays uniform. The backlight driving apparatus includes n light emitting diode arrays that include a plurality of light emitting diodes connected in series, a power source for generating a driving current, a current generator for generating currents to drive the light emitting diode arrays using the driving current, respectively, and a current mirror circuit for allowing substantially the same amount of currents to flow respectively through the light emitting diode arrays based on current from any one of the n light emitting diode arrays.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for generating a certificate including a guardian's agreement for a ward are provided. The apparatus includes a verification unit verifying a certificate of the guardian, an agreement setting unit setting an agreement on conditions on which the ward is allowed to use an online environment, and a certificate issuing unit generating a certificate including the agreement for the ward when the verification of the guardian's certificate succeeds.
摘要:
A backlight unit provides white light for a display device. A light emitting unit may include light emitting diodes (LEDs). The light emitting unit may be combined with a power supplying unit and a current balancing unit to improve the white balance of the light emitted from the LEDs and simplify the circuitry of the backlight unit. The light emitted from the light emitting unit may be balanced due in part to the current balancing unit.
摘要:
Disclosed are methods of manufacturing semiconductor devices, which may solve problems such as a short of upper wiring, etc., which are caused by a metal residue generated during chemical mechanical polishing of metallization of the semiconductor device, by depositing a predetermined insulating layer on the metal residue. The method may include forming a first insulating layer having an opening on a semiconductor substrate, depositing a metal layer on the first insulating layer to sufficiently fill the opening, planarizing the metal layer to expose the first insulating layer, forming a second insulating layer on the exposed first insulating layer and the metal layer, selectively etching and removing the second insulating layer to expose the metal layer, and forming a metallization layer on the metal layer.
摘要:
A metal resistor and a method for manufacturing the resistor are provided. A first insulation film is formed on a substrate, a photosensitive film is applied on the insulation film, and an insulation film pattern is formed by patterning the insulation film. After a metal thin film is formed among the insulation film pattern and on the photosensitive film, with removing the photo-sensitive film is a metal thin film pattern formed among the insulation film pattern. On the metal thin film pattern and the insulation film pattern is a second insulation film formed and at the pad region of the metal thin film pattern is a lead wire connected, after that, a metal thin film resistor is manufactured with forming a preservation film on and around the lead wire. Using a pattern-forming process by etching of the insulation film for forming the metal thin film pattern, the deterioration of the device or the lowering of the durability can be overcome, the resistance of the metal thin film resistor can be easily controlled, and the resolving power can be improved by producing the high-resistance metal thin film temperature having reduced line with of the metal thin film pattern.