摘要:
The method of calculating remaining battery capacity specifies battery discharge efficiency with discharge rate and/or temperature as parameters, and calculates remaining battery capacity from integrated discharge current based on the specified discharge efficiency. This method of calculation stores discharge efficiency as an nth order function of discharge rate and/or temperature where n is 2 or greater, computes discharge efficiency based on the stored nth order function with discharge rate and/or temperature as parameters, and calculates remaining battery capacity based on the computed discharge efficiency.
摘要:
A power steering system with which no deterioration in steering feeling occurs when a control flow of working fluid changes. A valve mechanism V is made up of a power cylinder control valve CV for controlling a control flow Q and distributively supplying it to a power cylinder C and a bypass control valve BV connected in parallel with the cylinder control valve CV. The bypass control valve BV is normally closed, but while the control flow Q is increasing over a range of from a minimum flow Q.sub.1 to a maximum flow Q.sub.2 available for generating assist force the bypass control valve opens and returns a part of the control flow Q to a tank so that the pressure difference between the pressure chambers of the power cylinder C rises gently and the driver does not experience a disconcerting feeling such as one of the steering wheel suddenly being taken over.
摘要:
A cassette type recording and reproducing apparatus in which during an eject operation of a tape cassette, a cam driven lever is kicked by a cam and a cassette discharge lever is rotated by the cam driven lever, whereby a tape cassette in a cassette stage is pushed out in a cassette discharge direction by the cassette discharge lever. The cam driven lever is positionally regulated with some degree of freedom within a fixed range .theta..sub.12 at the intermediate position of a swing range .theta..sub.11 in which the cam driven lever is rotated by the cam. Therefore, the cam driven lever is prevented from violently colliding against a cassette discharge lever in the course of a cassette loading operation.
摘要:
A power steering apparatus having enhanced neutral rigidity and improved operation stability at the time of straight traveling. The apparatus includes a pair of spring members which sandwich an input shaft and are disposed in an output shaft or a member rotating integrally with this output shaft. A preset force is exerted by a spring force of the spring members.
摘要:
A pair of electrode panels are supported by plural spacer walls made of photo-resist resin to form a cell gap between electrode panels. The cell gap is filled with liquid crystal, preferably, antiferroelectric liquid crystal. The spacer walls are formed on an orientation layer formed on either panel. A thin layer is also formed on the orientation layer together with formation of the spacer walls as a residual layer. The residual layer has to be sufficiently thin not to disturb orientation of the liquid crystal and to attain a sufficiently high display contrast. The thickness of the residual layer is indirectly detected by an X-ray electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA), and the residual layer is made sufficiently thin by setting a temperature of a preliminary baking process, which is carried out before formation of the spacer walls, in a proper range.
摘要:
According to the present invention, there is provided a liquid crystal panel frame used for a liquid crystal display which comprises a pair of opposed substrates, a pair of electrodes formed on each of those substrates, a plurality of rectilinear barrier members provided at predetermined intervals between both substrates and an orientation film formed on said substrates and being subjected to a rubbing process. Each barrier member extends in substantially parallel to the rubbing direction. By adhering each barrier member to the substrate opposed thereto, a plurality of narrowly partitioned rectilinear spaces in which portions other than an aperture formed at the end portion thereof through which the liquid crystal passes are sealed against liquid. Ferroelectric or anti-ferroelectric liquid crystals are encapsulated into each of those rectilinear spaces to form a liquid crystal panel assembly. After the encapsulated liquid crystal is held to a high temperature, that liquid crystal panel assembly is sequentially cooled down from one end of the rectilinear space toward the other end thereof under the condition in which the temperature gradient is kept appearing along the rubbing direction, to thereby obtain a defect-free orientated chiral smectic phase in the liquid crystal.