公开(公告)号：US20090176644A1

公开(公告)日：2009-07-09

申请号：US11969573

申请日：2008-01-04

申请人： Matthew Ezenyilimba ,  Paolina Atanassova ,  Yipeng Sun ,  Gordon Rice ,  James Brewster

发明人： Matthew Ezenyilimba ,  Paolina Atanassova ,  Yipeng Sun ,  Gordon Rice ,  James Brewster

IPC分类号： H01M4/88 ,  B01J21/18

CPC分类号： H01M4/8605 ,  B01J21/18 ,  B01J23/40 ,  B01J35/0026 ,  B01J35/0033 ,  B01J35/1019 ,  B01J35/1042 ,  B01J37/0054 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M4/9075 ,  H01M4/9083 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/925 ,  H01M4/926

摘要： Processes for forming catalyst particles utilizing a defoamer are described. Also described are processes for forming catalysts, where the processes comprise providing a correlation between defoamer concentration and catalyst particle morphology, and determining an amount of defoamer to include in a precursor composition to obtain the target morphology based on the correlation.

摘要翻译： 描述了使用消泡剂形成催化剂颗粒的方法。 还描述了形成催化剂的方法，其中所述方法包括提供消泡剂浓度和催化剂颗粒形态之间的相关性，以及基于相关性确定包含在前体组合物中以消除目标形态的消泡剂的量。

公开(公告)号：US20080299431A1

公开(公告)日：2008-12-04

申请号：US11756997

申请日：2007-06-01

申请人： Hanwei Lei ,  Paolina Atanassova ,  Ryan Cash Wall ,  Ross A. Miesem ,  Yipeng Sun ,  Gordon L. Rice

发明人： Hanwei Lei ,  Paolina Atanassova ,  Ryan Cash Wall ,  Ross A. Miesem ,  Yipeng Sun ,  Gordon L. Rice

IPC分类号： H01M8/10

CPC分类号： H01M4/8605 ,  H01M4/881 ,  H01M4/8882 ,  H01M4/8896 ,  H01M4/9016 ,  H01M4/9083 ,  H01M4/921 ,  H01M4/926 ,  H01M8/0234 ,  H01M8/1011 ,  H01M2008/1095 ,  Y02E60/523

摘要： A membrane electrode assembly comprises (a) a solid electrolyte polymer membrane; (b) an anode electrocatalyst layer disposed at one surface of the membrane and comprising a first electrocatalyst composition comprising carbon substrate particles and nanoparticles comprising an alloy of platinum and ruthenium disposed on the surface of the substrate particles; (c) a cathode electrocatalyst layer disposed at an opposite surface of the membrane, the cathode layer comprising a second electrocatalyst composition different from the first electrocatalyst composition and comprising carbon substrate particles and nanoparticles comprising platinum disposed on the surface of the substrate particles; and (d) gas diffusion layers disposed over each of the anode and cathode electrocatalyst layers. When operating in a direct methanol fuel cell with an active area of 25 cm2 and under conditions including a supply of 1M methanol to the anode electrocatalyst layer at a rate of 3 ml per minute, a supply of air to the cathode electrocatalyst layer at a rate of 400 sccm, the membrane electrode assembly provides an output voltage of 0.4 volt and a temperature of 70° C., provides a power output in excess of 120 mW/cm2 and a normalized performance in excess of 34 mW/mgPt.

摘要翻译： 膜电极组件包括（a）固体电解质聚合物膜; （b）阳极电催化剂层，其设置在所述膜的一个表面，并且包含第一电极催化剂组合物，所述第一电催化剂组合物包含碳底物颗粒和纳米颗粒，所述纳米颗粒包含设置在所述基材颗粒表面上的铂和钌合金; （c）阴极电催化剂层，其设置在所述膜的相对表面处，所述阴极层包含不同于所述第一电催化剂组合物的第二电催化剂组合物，并且包含碳衬底颗粒和包含设置在所述衬底颗粒表面上的铂的纳米颗粒; 和（d）设置在每个阳极和阴极电催化剂层上的气体扩散层。 当在有效面积为25cm 2的直接甲醇燃料电池中并且在包括以每分钟3ml的速率向阳极电催化剂层供应1M甲醇的条件下操作时，以一定速率向阴极电催化剂层供应空气 膜电极组件提供0.4伏的输出电压和70℃的温度，提供超过120mW / cm 2的功率输出和超过34mW / mgPt的归一化性能。

公开(公告)号：US08252485B2

公开(公告)日：2012-08-28

申请号：US11685446

申请日：2007-03-13

申请人： Yipeng Sun ,  Paolina Atanassova ,  James Brewster ,  Leonard P. Perez ,  Hanwei Lei ,  Berislav Blizanac

发明人： Yipeng Sun ,  Paolina Atanassova ,  James Brewster ,  Leonard P. Perez ,  Hanwei Lei ,  Berislav Blizanac

IPC分类号： H01M4/02 ,  H01M4/36

CPC分类号： H01M4/8605 ,  H01M4/8652 ,  H01M4/886 ,  H01M4/8882 ,  H01M4/921 ,  H01M4/926 ,  H01M8/1011 ,  Y02E60/523

摘要： In a method of producing a particulate electrocatalyst composition, a precursor medium comprising at least a first metal precursor, a liquid vehicle, and a substrate precursor to substrate particles is atomized into precursor droplets. The droplets are then heated to a reaction temperature of not greater than 700° C. to form composite particles comprising said first metal at least partly in an oxide form dispersed on said substrate particles. The composite particles are then collected and are heated at a first treatment temperature no greater than 250° C. in the presence of a reducing atmosphere to at least partly convert said oxide form to the metal.

摘要翻译： 在制备颗粒状电催化剂组合物的方法中，包含至少第一金属前体，液体载体和底物颗粒的底物前体的前体介质被雾化成前体液滴。 然后将液滴加热至不高于700℃的反应温度，以形成至少部分以分散在所述基材颗粒上的氧化物形式的包含所述第一金属的复合颗粒。 然后收集复合颗粒，并在还原气氛存在下，在不高于250℃的第一处理温度下加热，以至少部分地将所述氧化物形式转化为金属。

公开(公告)号：US20080226952A1

公开(公告)日：2008-09-18

申请号：US11687293

申请日：2007-03-16

申请人： Hanwei Lei ,  Paolina Atanassova ,  Ryan C. Wall

发明人： Hanwei Lei ,  Paolina Atanassova ,  Ryan C. Wall

IPC分类号： H01M8/00

CPC分类号： H01M8/0289 ,  H01M8/04238 ,  H01M8/1011 ,  Y02E60/523

摘要： A process for the activation of a membrane electrode assembly, such as a direct methanol fuel cell membrane electrode assembly, with a hydrocarbon fuel, e.g., an alkanol fuel such as methanol, and an oxidant is described. The process comprises repeatedly applying an increasing or decreasing potential in each of a plurality of cycles over a voltage range of at least 0.1 volts, e.g., at least 0.2 volts or at least 0.3 volts, until the membrane electrode assembly is substantially activated. The cycles optionally are organized in cycle sets with rest periods therebetween. The temperature at which the cycles are run optionally is increased or decreased in a respective cycle set.

摘要翻译： 描述了用诸如甲醇的链烷醇燃料的烃燃料和氧化剂来活化诸如直接甲醇燃料电池膜电极组件的膜电极组件的方法。 该过程包括在至少0.1伏，例如至少0.2伏特或至少0.3伏特的电压范围内，在多个周期的每一个周期中重复地施加增加或减少的电位，直到膜电极组件基本上被激活。 循环可选地以周期组合组织，其间具有休息期。 周期运行的温度可选地在相应的循环组中增加或减少。

公开(公告)号：US08080495B2

公开(公告)日：2011-12-20

申请号：US12851869

申请日：2010-08-06

申请人： Miodrag Oljaca ,  Ranko P Bontchev ,  Paolina Atanassova ,  Berislav Blizanac ,  Yipeng Sun ,  Matthew Ezenyilimba ,  George Fotou ,  Kenneth Koehlert

发明人： Miodrag Oljaca ,  Ranko P Bontchev ,  Paolina Atanassova ,  Berislav Blizanac ,  Yipeng Sun ,  Matthew Ezenyilimba ,  George Fotou ,  Kenneth Koehlert

IPC分类号： B01J23/00 ,  B01J21/00 ,  B01J20/00 ,  C22C38/00 ,  C22C5/04 ,  H01M4/00

CPC分类号： B01J23/42 ,  B01D53/944 ,  B01D2255/1021 ,  B01D2255/1023 ,  B01D2255/2092 ,  B01D2255/92 ,  B01J21/04 ,  B01J23/44 ,  B01J35/0013 ,  B01J35/002 ,  B01J35/0053 ,  B01J35/006 ,  B01J35/023 ,  B01J37/0045 ,  B01J37/08 ,  B01J37/082 ,  Y10S977/773 ,  Y10S977/81

摘要： A catalyst composition comprises a particulate support and catalyst nanoparticles on the particulate support. The catalyst nanoparticles comprise an alloy of platinum and palladium in an atomic ratio of from about 25:75 to about 75:25 and are present in a concentration of between about 3 and about 10 wt % weight percent of the catalyst composition. The catalyst composition has an X-ray diffraction pattern that is substantially free of the (311) diffraction peak assignable to PtxPd1-x, where 0.25≦x≦0.75.

摘要翻译： 催化剂组合物包含颗粒载体和颗粒载体上的催化剂纳米颗粒。 催化剂纳米颗粒包含原子比为约25:75至约75:25的铂和钯的合金，并且以催化剂组合物的约3重量％至约10重量％的浓度存在。 该催化剂组合物具有基本上不含可分配给PtxPd1-x的（311）衍射峰的X射线衍射图，其中0.25＆nlE; x＆nlE; 0.75。

公开(公告)号：US20080206616A1

公开(公告)日：2008-08-28

申请号：US11679758

申请日：2007-02-27

申请人： Paolina Atanassova ,  James H. Brewster ,  Lawrence V. Lucero ,  Matthew C. Ezenyilimba

发明人： Paolina Atanassova ,  James H. Brewster ,  Lawrence V. Lucero ,  Matthew C. Ezenyilimba

IPC分类号： H01M8/10 ,  B05D1/02 ,  B05D3/00 ,  C08K5/05 ,  C09D11/00

CPC分类号： H01M4/928 ,  C09D11/30 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M4/861 ,  H01M4/8642 ,  H01M4/8652 ,  H01M4/8657 ,  H01M4/881 ,  H01M4/886 ,  H01M4/8882 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/921 ,  H01M4/925 ,  H01M4/926 ,  H01M8/1011 ,  H01M8/1023 ,  H01M8/1039 ,  Y02E60/523

摘要： The invention is directed to highly porous catalyst coated membranes and to sprayable inks and processes for forming catalyst coated membranes. In one aspect, the invention is to a sprayable ink, comprising catalyst particles, polymer electolyte ionomer, and a vehicle for dispersing the catalyst particles and polymer electolyte ionomer. In another aspect, the process comprises the steps of depositing an ink comprising catalyst particles and a vehicle onto a membrane and vaporizing from 40 to 95 weight percent of the vehicle from the sprayed ink under conditions effective to form a catalyst layer on the membrane. Preferably, the depositing and vaporizing steps are alternated to form multiple stacked catalyst layers on the membrane.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及高度多孔的催化剂涂覆的膜和可喷涂的油墨和用于形成催化剂涂覆的膜的方法。 一方面，本发明涉及一种可喷涂油墨，其包含催化剂颗粒，聚合物电离离子交联聚合物和用于分散催化剂颗粒和聚合物电离离聚物的载体。 在另一方面，该方法包括以下步骤：将包含催化剂颗粒和载体的油墨沉积在膜上并在有效在膜上形成催化剂层的条件下从喷涂的油墨中蒸发40至95重量％的载体。 优选地，沉积和蒸发步骤交替以在膜上形成多个层叠的催化剂层。

公开(公告)号：US20060245999A1

公开(公告)日：2006-11-02

申请号：US11117708

申请日：2005-04-29

申请人： Jian-Ping Shen ,  Qi Fu ,  Jian Zheng ,  Paolina Atanassova ,  Mark Hampden-Smith

发明人： Jian-Ping Shen ,  Qi Fu ,  Jian Zheng ,  Paolina Atanassova ,  Mark Hampden-Smith

IPC分类号： C01G25/02

CPC分类号： C01G25/02 ,  C01P2002/72 ,  C01P2004/03 ,  C01P2006/12 ,  C01P2006/14 ,  C01P2006/16 ,  C01P2006/80

摘要： A zirconia-containing composition and processes for synthesizing same. The composition comprises least about 99.9 percent tetragonal phase zirconia, based on the total crystalline zirconia in the zirconia-containing composition as determined by x-ray diffraction (XRD). The composition also has a substantially spherical morphology and comprises less than 100 wppm chlorine, based on the total weight of the zirconia-containing composition. The zirconia-containing composition has an average surface area of at least 80 m2/g and an average particle size of less than about 10 microns.

摘要翻译： 一种含氧化锆的组合物及其合成方法。 基于通过x射线衍射（XRD）确定的含氧化锆组合物中的总结晶氧化锆，该组合物包含至少约99.9％的四方相氧化锆。 基于含氧化锆的组合物的总重量，该组合物还具有基本上为球形的形态并且包含小于100wppm的氯。 含氧化锆的组合物的平均表面积为至少80m 2 / g，平均粒度小于约10微米。