Abstract:
A PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF LACTAMS, WHICH COMPRISES TREATING A LACTAM-STANNIC HALIDE COMPLEX WITH AN ALICYCLIC KETOXIME TO FORM THE CORRESPONDING LACTAM AND ALICYCLIC KETOXIME-STANNIC HALIDE COMPLEX.
Abstract:
AN IMPROVEMENT FOR THE PROCESS TO PRODUCE LACTAMS BY CATALYTICALLY REARRANGING CYCLIC KETOXIMES BY PASSING A GAS MIXTURE CONSISTING OF A GASEOUS CYCLIC KETONXINE AND STEAM OR A MIXTURE OF A GASEOUS CYCLIC KETOXIME, STEAM AND AN INERT GAS OVER A BORON OXIDE CATALYST AT TEMPERATURES OF FROM 200 TO 400*C. AND RECOVERING THE LACTAM FROM THE GAS MIXTURE THUS OBTAINED. BEFORE. BEFORE PASSING THE STEAM OVER THE BORON OXIDE CATALYST THEY ARE SATURATED WITH BORON OXIDE BY PASSING OVER THE X-RAY CRYSTALLINE MODIFICATION OF BORON OXIDE AT A TEMPERATURE OF FROM 200 TO 450C.
Abstract:
PRODUCTION OF CAPROLACTAM BY CATALYTIC REARRANGEMENT OF CYCLOHEXANONE OXIME IN THE VAPOR PHASE IN CONTACT WITH BORIC OXIDE CATALYSTS ON ALUMINA WHICH CONTAIN FROM 0.1 TO 10% BY WEIGHT OF MANGANESE, NICKEL AND/OR COBALT OR AS THE SALTS OXIDES OF SUCH METALS. CAPROLACTAM IS USEFUL FOR THE PRODUCTION OF NYLON 6 WHICH IS A FIBER INTERMEDIATE.
Abstract:
Amides are produced from ketoximes by Beckmann rearrangement in hydrogen fluoride medium at temperature between 0* to 75* C. using a carboxylic acid or anhydride catalyst.
Abstract:
Apparatus and method for mixing of a feed liquid with a process liquid comprising a pipe having a cylindrical bore, said process liquid flowing in the pipe, a throat in the bore, the portion of the bore downstream of the throat and forming an angle between said portion and the axis of said bore of up to about 15*, at least one feed nozzle for injection of said feed liquid disposed in said pipe and extending between a source of feed liquid and the bore, the nozzle opening into the bore at the throat and being cylindrical in cross section, the axis of the nozzle forming a second angle with a portion of the axis of the bore upstream of the nozzle, the second angle being from 30*-90* whereby said feed liquid is injected at a velocity of from 2 to 15 times the velocity of the process liquid.
Abstract:
THE INVENTION RELATES TO A PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF LACTAMS BY CATALYTIC REARRANGEMENT OF KETOXIMES IN THE GASEOUS PHASE, USING AS A CATALYST SYSTEM A MIXTURE OF BORON TRIOXIDE OR BORIC ACID AND HIGHLY DISPERSED CARBON, SAID HIGHLY DISPERSED CARBON HAVING A PARTICLE SIZE OF LESS THAN 0.1 MM. IN DIAMETER.