Abstract:
A parallel-to-serial converter includes a data input unit configured to receive a plurality of parallel data by using a plurality of clock signals having different phases, and a parallel-to-serial conversion unit configured to sequentially select and output an output signal of the data input unit by using a plurality of clock signals having a predetermined phase difference from the plurality of clock signals used in the data input unit.
Abstract:
A parallel resistor circuit that can reduce an error of a resistance value, an on-die termination having the same, and a semiconductor device having the on-die termination device. The semiconductor memory device includes a calibration circuit configured to pull up or pull down a predetermined node and compare a voltage of the predetermined node with a reference voltage to generate calibration codes, by using parallel resistor units that are turned on or off in response to the calibration codes. An output driver is configured to terminate a data output node to a pull-up or pull-down level to output data, by using the parallel resistor units. At least one of the parallel resistor units having at least two resistivities includes resistors with different resistivities connected to each other in parallel.
Abstract:
Data transmission apparatus and method thereof, and data reception apparatus and method thereof. Input data is encoded into a plurality of visual codes according to a visual code type. The visual code type includes a sequential type requiring sequential transmission and a nonsequential type not requiring sequential transmission. The sequential visual code includes start code, data code, and end code, and is displayed sequentially. The nonsequential visual code is displayed nonsequentially.
Abstract:
A microphone array system including an input unit to receive sound signals using a plurality of microphones; a frequency splitter splitting each sound signal received into a plurality of narrowband signals; an average spatial covariance matrix estimator using spatial smoothing to obtain a spatial covariance matrix for each frequency component of the sound signal, by which spatial covariance matrices for a plurality of virtual sub-arrays, which are configured in the plurality of microphones, are obtained with respect to each frequency component of the sound signal and an average spatial covariance matrix is calculated; a signal source location detector to detect an incidence angle of the sound signal according to the average spatial covariance matrix calculated; a signal distortion compensator to calculates a weight for each frequency component of the sound signal based on the incidence angle of the sound signal and multiply the calculated weight by each frequency component.