公开(公告)号：US06492652B2

公开(公告)日：2002-12-10

申请号：US09742806

申请日：2000-12-20

申请人： Daniel Müller

发明人： Daniel Müller

IPC分类号： G01C308

CPC分类号： G01V8/20 ,  G01C3/085 ,  G01S7/4816 ,  G01S17/48

摘要： The opto-electronic sensor (1) for the measurement of the distance (d) to an object (9), resp., for the identification of an object (9) within a monitoring zone (90) is based on triangulation measurement. A light source (21) emits light onto the object (9) or into the monitoring zone (90). The light (35) scattered by the object (9) impinges on a receiving element (31) at an angle (&agr;), which is dependent on distance (d) to the object (9). The latter has tappings (34.1-34.5) distributed over its length, in order to by means of a corresponding selection of these bring the measuring range of the sensor (1) to the value required by a control circuit (4) and as a result of this to increase the measuring resolution correspondingly. In variable amplifiers (6.1, 6.2), two or more detector signals (I1′, I2′) are multiplied with a variable factor respectively determined by the control circuit (4) and subsequently added, resp., subtracted in an adding—or subtracting stage (7). In an evaluation unit (8), the common signal for the generation of an object identification signal is processed further. The sensor (1) manifests a low measuring inaccuracy caused by noise and enables a continuous adjustability of the measuring distance (d).

摘要翻译： 用于测量对象（9）的距离（d）的光电传感器（1），用于在监视区域（90）内识别对象（9），其基于三角测量。 光源（21）向物体（9）或监视区域（90）发射光。 由物体（9）散射的光（35）以取决于物体（9）的距离（d）的角度（α）撞击在接收元件（31）上。 后者具有分布在其长度上的抽头（34.1-34.5），为了通过相应的选择使传感器（1）的测量范围达到控制电路（4）所需的值，结果 以此相应地增加测量分辨率。 在可变放大器（6.1,6.2）中，将两个或更多个检测器信号（I1'，I2'）乘以由控制电路（4）分别确定的可变因子，然后相加或相减 阶段（7）。 在评估单元（8）中，进一步处理用于生成对象识别信号的公共信号。 传感器（1）表现出由噪声引起的低测量不准确度，并能够实现测量距离（d）的连续可调性。

公开(公告)号：US20020135747A1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-26

申请号：US09845212

申请日：2001-05-01

申请人： ASAHI KOGAKU KOGYO KABUSHIKI KAISHA

发明人： Fuminobu Higashino

IPC分类号： G01C003/00 ,  G01C003/08 ,  G01C005/00

CPC分类号： G01S17/48 ,  G01C3/08 ,  G01S17/023 ,  G02B7/285

摘要： A distance measuring device includes a light emitting system that emits light toward an object that is subject to a distance measurement. A light receiving system is provided to receive optical images which are formed by an optical system. The light receiving system outputs data corresponding to the received images. The light receiving system is capable of receiving the object images when the light emitting system emits the light, and when the light emitting system does not emit the light. Further, the distance measuring device includes a control system that receives the data output by the light receiving system twice at the greatest, and performs distance measuring operations, which include a passive distance measurement and an active distance measurement, based on the data output by the light receiving system.

摘要翻译： 距离测量装置包括朝向经受距离测量的物体发光的发光系统。 提供光接收系统以接收由光学系统形成的光学图像。 光接收系统输出与接收到的图像相对应的数据。 当发光系统发射光时，以及当发光系统不发光时，光接收系统能够接收对象图像。 此外，距离测量装置包括控制系统，该控制系统最多接收由光接收系统输出的数据两次，并且执行距离测量操作，其包括被动距离测量和有源距离测量，基于由 光接收系统

公开(公告)号：US20020105631A1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-08

申请号：US10017522

申请日：2001-12-07

发明人： Osamu Nonaka ,  Koichi Nakata

IPC分类号： G01C003/00 ,  G01C003/08 ,  G01C005/00

CPC分类号： G01S17/48 ,  G01C3/08 ,  G01S7/491 ,  G01S7/4918 ,  G01S7/497

摘要： This distance measuring apparatus projects a first distance measurement light ray from an IRED and projects a second distance measurement light ray having an intensity higher than that of the IRED from a flash light emission portion. A distribution of incident light from the subject is converted into an electrical signal by a sensor array. A CPU determines a distance to the subject from an output of the sensor array when the first distance measurement light ray is projected and determines a distance to the subject from an output of the sensor array when the second distance measurement light ray is projected. The CPU selects either the first distance measurement light ray or the second distance measurement light ray to be used for distance measurement based on an output level of the sensor array when the first and second distance measurement light rays are not projected.

摘要翻译： 该距离测量装置从IRED投射第一距离测量光线并从闪光发射部分投射具有比IRED的强度更高的第二距离测量光线。 来自被摄体的入射光的分布由传感器阵列转换成电信号。 当投影第一距离测量光线时，CPU从传感器阵列的输出确定到被摄体的距离，并且当投射第二距离测量光线时，从传感器阵列的输出确定到被摄体的距离。 当第一和第二距离测量光线未投影时，CPU基于传感器阵列的输出电平来选择要用于距离测量的第一距离测量光线或第二距离测量光线。

公开(公告)号：US20020060782A1

公开(公告)日：2002-05-23

申请号：US09838435

申请日：2001-04-19

发明人： Soo Hyun Kim ,  Kyung Chan Kim ,  Se Baek Oh

IPC分类号： G01C003/00 ,  G01C003/08 ,  G01C005/00

CPC分类号： G01S17/48 ,  G01C3/08 ,  G01D5/26 ,  G01D5/30

摘要： Disclosed herewith is an optical triangulation displacement sensor using a diffraction grating. The optical triangulation displacement sensor includes a light source element, a condenser, a light-receiving element, an image formation lens, a transmission grating and a light-receiving element. The light source element generates light of certain intensity. The condenser receives the light from the light source element and transmits the light to the surface of measurement. The image formation lens receives the light reflected by the surface of measurement. The transmission grating converts the reflected light having passed through the image formation lens into a plurality of diffracted light rays. In the light-receiving element, an image is formed by the diffracted light rays incident from the transmission grating.

摘要翻译： 本文公开了一种使用衍射光栅的光学三角测量位移传感器。 光学三角测量位移传感器包括光源元件，冷凝器，光接收元件，成像透镜，透射光栅和光接收元件。 光源元件产生一定强度的光。 聚光器接收来自光源元件的光并将光透射到测量表面。 图像形成透镜接收由测量表面反射的光。 透射光栅将已经通过图像形成透镜的反射光转换成多个衍射光线。 在光接收元件中，通过从透射光栅入射的衍射光线形成图像。

公开(公告)号：US06181877B2

公开(公告)日：2001-01-30

申请号：US09413234

申请日：1999-10-07

申请人： Hideo Yoshida

发明人： Hideo Yoshida

IPC分类号： G03B1336

CPC分类号： G01S17/48 ,  G01C3/08 ,  G01S7/4861 ,  G02B7/32

摘要： In a rangefinder apparatus, a clamping circuit receives a far-side signal I2 output from a first signal processing circuit and outputs a signal I2c having a greater value than a clamp signal Ic and the far-side signal I2. An arithmetic circuit receives a near-side signal I1 output from a second signal processing circuit and the signal I2c output from the clamping circuit, calculates an output ratio (I1/(I1+I2c)), and outputs an output ratio signal. An integrating circuit receives the output ratio signal and, together with an integrating capacitor, integrates the output ratio signal several times. When switching the level of the clamp signal Ic before subsequent distance measuring operations in a continuous distance measurement, a clamp level switching circuit adds a value to the clamp signal, setting a new level.

摘要翻译： 在测距装置中，钳位电路接收从第一信号处理电路输出的远端信号I2，并输出具有比钳位信号Ic和远端信号I2大的值的信号I2c。 运算电路接收从第二信号处理电路输出的近端信号I1和从钳位电路输出的信号I2c，计算输出比（I1 /（I1 + I2c）），输出输出比信号。 积分电路接收输出比信号，并与积分电容器一起对输出比信号进行多次积分。 在连续距离测量中，在后续距离测量操作之前切换钳位信号Ic的电平时，钳位电平切换电路将一个值加到钳位信号上，设置一个新的电平。

公开(公告)号：US6157040A

公开(公告)日：2000-12-05

申请号：US80490

申请日：1998-05-18

申请人： Robert Bauer

发明人： Robert Bauer

IPC分类号： G01B11/00 ,  G01C3/06 ,  G01C3/08 ,  G01S17/02 ,  G01S17/46 ,  G01S17/48 ,  G01V8/14 ,  G01N21/00

CPC分类号： G01V8/14 ,  G01C3/08 ,  G01S17/026 ,  G01S17/48 ,  H03K17/968 ,  H03K2217/94114 ,  H03K2217/9651

摘要： The invention relates to an optoelectronic sensor having a light transmitter for the transmission of a transmitted light beam into a monitored region, having a light receiver for the reception of a received light beam, which is formed by the transmitted light reflected in the direction of the light receiver from an article in the monitored region, wherein the received light beam stands at a variable beam angle to the transmitted light beam in dependence on the spacing of the article from the sensor, and having a control and evaluation unit for the processing of the output signal of the light receiver. The invention includes a light receiver that has a multi-element light sensor which has at least four individual sensor elements, which are arranged adjacently in such a way that different sensor elements are illuminated by the received light beam in dependence on the beam angle.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种具有光发射器的光电传感器，用于将透射光束传输到监测区域，具有用于接收接收光束的光接收器，所述光接收器由沿着 光接收器，其中所接收的光束依赖于物体与传感器的间隔而以与透射光束成可变的光束角度成立，并且具有用于处理所述受光区域的控制和评估单元 光接收器的输出信号。 本发明包括具有多元素光传感器的光接收器，其具有至少四个单独的传感器元件，这些传感器元件以这样的方式排列，使得不同的传感器元件根据光束角度被接收的光束照射。

公开(公告)号：US6098031A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-01

申请号：US35580

申请日：1998-03-05

申请人： Donald J. Svetkoff ,  Donald B. T. Kilgus

发明人： Donald J. Svetkoff ,  Donald B. T. Kilgus

IPC分类号： G01N21/956 ,  G01S17/46 ,  G01S17/89 ,  G02B21/00 ,  G02B21/22 ,  G01B11/24

CPC分类号： G01S17/48 ,  G01N21/95684 ,  G01S17/89 ,  G02B21/002 ,  G02B21/0024 ,  G02B21/008 ,  G02B21/0084 ,  G02B21/22

摘要： A system including confocal and triangulation-based scanners or subsystems provides data which is both acquired and processed under the control of a control algorithm to obtain information such as dimensional information about microscopic targets which may be "non-cooperative." The "non-cooperative" targets are illuminated with a scanning beam of electromagnetic radiation such as laser light incident from a first direction. A confocal detector of the electromagnetic radiation is placed at a first location for receiving reflected radiation which is substantially optically collinear with the incident beam of electromagnetic radiation. The system includes a spatial filter for attenuating background energy. The triangulation-based subsystem also includes a detector of electromagnetic radiation which is placed at a second location which is non-collinear with respect to the incident beam. This detector has a position sensitive axis. Digital data is derived from signals produced by the detectors. In this way, data from at least one triangulation-based channel is acquired in parallel or sequentially with at least one slice of confocal sensor data having substantially perfect temporal and spatial registration with the triangulation-based sensor data. This allows for fusion or further processing of the data for use with a predetermined measurement algorithm to thereby obtain information about the targets.

摘要翻译： 包括基于共焦和三角测量的扫描仪或子系统的系统提供在控制算法的控制下获取和处理的数据，以获得关于可能是“非合作”的微观目标的尺寸信息。 “非协同”目标用诸如从第一方向入射的激光的电磁辐射扫描束照射。 电磁辐射的共焦检测器被放置在第一位置，用于接收与入射的电磁辐射束基本上光学共线的反射辐射。 该系统包括用于衰减背景能量的空间滤波器。 基于三角测量的子系统还包括电磁辐射检测器，其被放置在相对于入射光束非共线的第二位置。 该检测器具有位置敏感轴。 数字数据源自由检测器产生的信号。 以这种方式，来自至少一个基于三角测量的信道的数据被并行或顺序地与具有与基于三角测量的传感器数据具有基本上完美的时间和空间配准的共聚焦传感器数据的至少一个切片获取。 这允许融合或进一步处理与预定测量算法一起使用的数据，从而获得关于目标的信息。

公开(公告)号：US6097476A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-01

申请号：US189083

申请日：1998-11-09

申请人： Masahiko Kato ,  Eiji Yanagi

发明人： Masahiko Kato ,  Eiji Yanagi

IPC分类号： G01B11/00 ,  G01C3/06 ,  G01S17/42 ,  G01S17/46 ,  G01S17/87 ,  G01S17/88 ,  G01S17/93 ,  B60T7/16 ,  B62D1/24 ,  G01C3/08

CPC分类号： G01S17/936 ,  G01S17/42 ,  G01S17/48 ,  G01S17/87 ,  G01S17/88

摘要： Distance sensors are mounted on both ends of a vehicle and have light transmitting and receiving sections. A distance to an object is independently measured by alternately transmitting "one-side-only enlarged light beams" at a time interval and receiving corresponding reflected beams from the object. In an overlapped area of the "one-side-only enlarged light beams", the distance from the vehicle to the object, as well as the azimuth of the object, is measured by a triangulation distance measurement using an interval between the distance sensors as a baseline. The lengths of the "one-side-only enlarged light beams" in the running direction of the vehicle are about 50m and a width vertical to the running direction of the overlapped area is about 2m slightly greater than a width of the vehicle.

摘要翻译： 距离传感器安装在车辆的两端，并具有光发射和接收部分。 通过以时间间隔交替地发送“仅一侧扩大的光束”来独立地测量到物体的距离，并从物体接收相应的反射光束。 在“仅一侧扩大的光束”的重叠区域中，通过使用距离传感器之间的间隔的三角测量距离测量来测量从车辆到物体的距离以及物体的方位角， 一个基线。 车辆行驶方向上的“单侧放大光束”的长度为约50μm，与重叠区域的行进方向垂直的宽度比车辆的宽度稍大约2m。

公开(公告)号：US6088106A

公开(公告)日：2000-07-11

申请号：US167771

申请日：1998-10-07

申请人： Armin Rockseisen

发明人： Armin Rockseisen

IPC分类号： G01S7/481 ,  G01S7/491 ,  G01S17/46 ,  G01S17/87 ,  G01B11/14

CPC分类号： G01S17/48 ,  G01S7/4815 ,  G01S17/87 ,  G01S7/4811 ,  G01S7/491

摘要： A method for the contact-free measurement of the distance of an object according to the principle of laser triangulation, in which a laser beam is directed onto the measuring object and the illuminated region is so imaged on a line-like sensor with prior-arranged optics, which is arranged laterally next to the laser, that the position of the image on the sensor changes with the distance of the measuring object and from the distance of the image from the laser a distance signal is obtained, wherein at least one laser projects a line onto the measuring object and the light plane of the laser line and the observation plane of the line-like sensor form an angle and intersect in a parallax-free cross.

摘要翻译： 根据激光三角测量原理，将物体的距离无接触地测量的方法，其中激光束被引导到测量对象上并且被照射区域被成像在具有先前布置的线状传感器上 光学器件横向放置在激光器旁边，使得传感器上的图像的位置随着测量对象的距离而变化，并且与图像距离激光器的距离相距一定的距离信号，其中至少一个激光器投射 在测量物体上的线和激光线的光平面和线状传感器的观察平面形成角度并且在无视差交叉处相交。

公开(公告)号：US6031601A

公开(公告)日：2000-02-29

申请号：US112022

申请日：1998-07-08

申请人： Michael V. McCusker ,  James L. Sorden ,  Peter Raby

发明人： Michael V. McCusker ,  James L. Sorden ,  Peter Raby

IPC分类号： G01C15/00 ,  G01S5/14 ,  G01S17/32 ,  G01S19/10 ,  G01S19/21 ,  G01S19/46 ,  G01C3/08

CPC分类号： G01S17/48 ,  G01C15/00 ,  G01S17/32

摘要： An electronic distance meter comprises an integrated circuit from a GPS navigation receiver having a local pseudo-random number code generator for code demodulation that is connected to modulate either a polychromatic or a monochromatic light source. An optical system focuses the light on a distant target with an unknown range. Reflections from the distant target are focused on a light detector that produces a phase-delayed copy of the original pseudo-random number code. The time-of-flight to and back from the distant target is a function of the distance. The GPS receiver integrated circuit computes the range based on the code-phase delay to a precision better than one centimeter. The position of a remote target can be triangulated from several electronic distance meters each having known positions, e.g., determined by included GPS navigation receivers. Conversely, the position of a single electronic distance meter can be determined by triangulation by ranging to several remote targets each having known positions.

摘要翻译： 电子距离计包括来自GPS导航接收机的集成电路，该导航接收机具有连接到调制多色或单色光源的用于码解调的局部伪随机数码发生器。 光学系统将光聚焦在远距离的目标上，范围是未知的。 来自遥远目标的反射集中于产生原始伪随机数码的相位延迟拷贝的光检测器。 距离遥远目标的飞行时间是距离的函数。 GPS接收机集成电路将码相延迟的范围计算为精度高于一厘米。 远程目标的位置可以从具有已知位置的几个电子距离测距仪进行三角测量，例如由所包含的GPS导航接收机确定。 相反，单个电子距离计的位置可以通过测距到几个具有已知位置的远程目标的三角测量来确定。