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公开(公告)号：US5236449A
公开(公告)日：1993-08-17
申请号：US888872
申请日：1992-05-26
IPC分类号： A61F2/24
CPC分类号： A61F2/2403
摘要： Prosthetic heart valves having a single occluder, or a pair of identical mating occluders, guided in their movement from the open to the closed position by pairs of elongated slots in diametrically opposed flat sidewall sections of the valve body. Each occluder is formed with two ears that protrude from opposite flat side surfaces along the lateral edges thereof. The ears may be frustoconical or hemispherical or the like and are slidingly received in elongated slots which can be straight or arcuate. The main body portions of the occluders have rectilinear surfaces that are aligned parallel to the centerline through the valve in the open position, so as to give low resistance to blood flow. However, when the backflow of blood displaces the occluders upstream, the slot arrangements are such that even though the occluder bodies are parallel, pivoting towards the closed position orientation begins essentially immediately, and the closing movement is of short duration so as to minimize regurgitation.
摘要翻译： 具有单个封堵器或一对相同的配合封堵器的假体心脏瓣膜通过在阀体的直径相对的平坦侧壁部分中的成对的细长狭槽从开口向闭合位置引导。 每个封堵器形成有两个耳朵，沿着其横向边缘从相对的平坦侧表面突出。 耳朵可以是截头圆锥形或半球形等，并且可滑动地容纳在可以是直的或弓形的细长槽中。 闭塞器的主体部分具有直线表面，其在打开位置通过阀平行于中心线排列，以便给予低血流阻力。 然而，当血液回流使封堵器上游位移时，狭槽结构使得即使闭塞器体是平行的，朝向关闭位置方向的枢转基本上立即开始，并且闭合运动具有短持续时间，从而使反流最小化。
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公开(公告)号：US5192309A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-09
申请号：US837761
申请日：1992-02-18
IPC分类号： A61F2/24
CPC分类号： A61F2/2409 , A61F2/2403 , Y10T137/7875 , Y10T137/7898
摘要： Heart valves, particularly those having two identical leaflets, are shown which utilize improved pivot arrangements that create prompt response to flow reversal and minimize impact at the instant of closing. Illustrated are valves having pairs of leaflets that can assume an orientation in the fully open position that is precisely parallel to the centerline of the passageway, yet which will promptly respond upon blood flow reversal and quickly close to prevent substantial regurgitation. The ability of the leaflets to assume a precisely parallel or low energy position in the bloodstream reduces pressure drop across the valve and results in improved flow characteristics. Prompt closing movement pivoting from a parallel position is effected by creating a camming action adjacent the upstream edges of the leaflets while positively guiding the overall path of leaflet translation and rotation by interengagement at other locations spaced from the upstream edges. The pivot arrangements are particularly effective to positively guide the leaflets to assure effective closing movement regardless of momentary deviations in the dynamics of the reverse flow of blood through the valve.
摘要翻译： 心脏瓣膜，特别是具有两个相同小叶的心脏瓣膜被示出，其利用改进的枢转结构，其产生对流动反转的快速响应并且在关闭时将冲击最小化。 示出了具有成对的传单的瓣膜，其可以在完全打开位置呈现精确平行于通道的中心线的方向，但是其将迅速响应于血流反转并快速关闭以防止大量反流。 小叶在血流中呈现精确平行或低能量位置的能力降低了阀门上的压降，从而改善了流动特性。 通过在传播叶片的上游边缘附近产生凸轮作用，同时通过在与上游边缘间隔开的其它位置处的相互接合而正确地引导小叶平移和旋转的整个路径来实现从平行位置枢转的快速关闭运动。 枢轴布置特别有效地积极地引导传单以确保有效的闭合运动，而不管通过阀的反向血流的动力学的瞬时偏差。
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公开(公告)号：US08303652B2
公开(公告)日：2012-11-06
申请号：US11568259
申请日：2006-01-23
IPC分类号： A61F2/24
CPC分类号： A61F2/2427
摘要： A heart valve holder-inserter (21, 121) is designed to facilitate easy implantation of a mechanical heart valve prosthesis (23, 123). This holder-inserter, at its distal end, incorporates a pair of diametrically opposed guide members (47, 49, 81, 147, 149) which extend well beyond the leading edge of the prosthesis and which have exterior surfaces (53, 83, 153) of substantial dimension that are smoothly curved and proportioned so as to slowly spread the tissue annulus in order to facilitate easy entrance thereinto of the leading edge portion of the mechanical valve body.
摘要翻译： 心脏瓣膜保持器插入器（21,121）被设计成便于容易植入机械心脏瓣膜假体（23,123）。 该保持器插入件在其远端处包括一对直径相对的引导构件（47,49,81,147,149），该引导构件延伸得远远超出假体的前缘，并且具有外表面（53,83,153 ），其平滑地弯曲和成比例地缓慢地扩展组织环，以便于容易地进入机械阀体的前缘部分。
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公开(公告)号：US20110311714A1
公开(公告)日：2011-12-22
申请号：US13032213
申请日：2011-02-22
申请人： Mark E. Seeley , Fletcher Derek Southard , Mike James Mewhort , Joseph Earl Robinson , Roger William Leikam , Jeff Wayne Stark , Brett A. Bickerton , Jonathan C. Stupka , David Wilde , Cephas M. Wozencraft
发明人： Mark E. Seeley , Fletcher Derek Southard , Mike James Mewhort , Joseph Earl Robinson , Roger William Leikam , Jeff Wayne Stark , Brett A. Bickerton , Jonathan C. Stupka , David Wilde , Cephas M. Wozencraft
IPC分类号： C23C16/442 , A61L33/02 , C23C16/458 , B05D1/24
CPC分类号： C23C16/442 , A61L27/303 , B05D1/22 , B05D1/60 , C23C16/26 , C23C16/458
摘要： Arrangements are provided for assembling multiple substrates for coating within a fluidized bed coater so as to deposit a coating of uniform thickness across the entire exterior surface thereof. One embodiment includes a method for coating orthopedic implants having convex and concave surfaces with pyrocarbon by pyrolytic decomposition of a hydrocarbon.
摘要翻译： 提供了用于组装用于在流化床涂布机内涂覆的多个基材以便在其整个外表面上沉积均匀厚度的涂层的布置。 一个实施例包括一种通过碳氢化合物的热解分解来涂覆具有凸起和凹陷表面的整形外科植入物与热解碳的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US5641324A
公开(公告)日：1997-06-24
申请号：US589864
申请日：1996-01-23
申请人： Jack C. Bokros , John L. Ely , Michael R. Emken , Axel D. Haubold , T. Scott Peters , Jonathan C. Stupka , C. Thomas Waits
发明人： Jack C. Bokros , John L. Ely , Michael R. Emken , Axel D. Haubold , T. Scott Peters , Jonathan C. Stupka , C. Thomas Waits
CPC分类号： A61F2/2403 , A61F2/0077 , A61F2310/00161 , A61F2310/00173 , A61F2310/00574
摘要： A bileaflet heart valve incorporates a pivot arrangement that minimizes resistance to downstream blood flow in the open position yet has prompt response and therefore minimal regurgitation upon flow reversal. A valve body having an axially curved entrance that smoothly joins a generally cylindrical body of extended axial length provides excellent fluid flow characteristics when combined with leaflets that can assume orientations perfectly aligned with the downstream flow of blood. Identical flat leaflets can assume a parallel orientation in the fully open position during downstream blood flow or can assume other low energy positions. Flat ears, which extend laterally from opposite surfaces of the leaflets, interengage with cavities of unique design having upstream and downstream lobes separated by an intermediate throat portion defined by inward and outward fulcrums. The downstream lobes may be designed to facilitate movement to the parallel orientation or to cause the leaflets to optionally prerotate toward the closed position. As soon as reverse flow begins, upstream displacement of the leaflets causes the ears to contact straight camming surfaces located upstream of the outward fulcrums which, in combination with the fulcrums and a downwardly directed, concave surface at the upstream end of the upstream lobe, positively guide each leaflet through efficient closing which ends in substantially rotational movement. A pyrocarbon valve body receives suture rings that permit the tissue annulus to directly contact an exterior surface region of the valve body.
摘要翻译： 双流心脏瓣膜包括枢轴装置，其使得在打开位置中对下游血流的抵抗力最小化，但具有迅速的反应，因此在流动反转时具有最小的反流。 具有平滑地连接延伸轴向长度的大致圆柱形主体的轴向弯曲入口的阀体当与能够呈现与下游血液流完全对准的方向的叶片组合时提供优异的流体流动特性。 相同的扁平小叶可以在下游血流期间在完全打开位置呈现平行取向，或者可以采取其他低能量位置。 平面耳朵从小叶的相对表面横向延伸，与独特设计的空腔相互联系，具有由内向和向外支点限定的中间喉部分隔的上游和下游叶片。 下游叶片可以被设计成便于移动到平行取向或使得小叶可选择性地朝向关闭位置旋转。 一旦反向流动开始，小叶的上游位移将使耳朵接触位于外侧支点上游的直接凸轮表面，该支撑点与上游叶的上游端的支点和向下指向的凹面结合，呈正向 通过高效关闭来引导每个小叶，其基本上旋转运动结束。 热碳体阀体接收缝合环，其允许组织环直接接触阀体的外表面区域。
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公开(公告)号：US5236451A
公开(公告)日：1993-08-17
申请号：US914206
申请日：1992-07-14
IPC分类号： A61F2/24
CPC分类号： A61F2/2403 , Y10T137/7875 , Y10T137/7898
摘要： Bi-leaflet heart valves have improved flow characteristics in their open position as a result of employing valve bodies of elongated axial dimension. By elongating the axial dimension of valve bodies which have straight, smooth interior wall surfaces oriented parallel to the centerline through the valve and to the flow path of blood, and by employing a pair of occluders which have major surfaces that are rectilinear and can assume an orientation that is substantially parallel to the centerline in the open position, a streamlining of blood flow occurs. The pivot arrangements avoid the use of acute angular surface orientations and cause the occluders, although aligned substantially parallel to blood flow in the open position, to promptly pivot toward the closed position upon reversal of blood flow. This streamlining substantially reduces turbulence and results in low head loss, both significant advantages in bi-leaflet heart valve performance.
摘要翻译： 由于采用细长轴向尺寸的阀体，双瓣心脏瓣膜在其打开位置具有改善的流动特性。 通过延长具有平行于中心线的直线，平滑的内壁表面的阀体的轴向尺寸，通过阀和血液的流动路径，并且通过使用一对闭塞器，其具有直线的主表面并且可以呈现 取向基本上平行于打开位置的中心线，发生血流的精简。 枢转装置避免使用急性角度表面取向并且使闭塞器虽然基本上平行于处于打开位置的血流排列，但是在血液流动反向时能够迅速地向闭合位置枢转。 这种精简大大减少湍流并导致低头损失，双瓣心脏瓣膜性能的显着优点。
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公开(公告)号：US5152785A
公开(公告)日：1992-10-06
申请号：US674871
申请日：1991-03-25
IPC分类号： A61F2/24
CPC分类号： A61F2/2409 , A61F2/2403
摘要： Bi-leaflet and single occluder heart valves have improved pivot arrangements that create quick valve response to flow reversal and minimize impact. Valve members or occluders, which are slidably and pivotally mounted in a heart valve body, can be aligned precisely parallel to blood flow in the open position. Lugs on the valve members engage surfaces on projections extending radially inward from flat wall sections in the valve body sidewall, and the shape and relationship of these interengaging surfaces provide prompt initial rotation, low wear and reduced impact upon closing. Laterally directed ears engage the valve body arcuate sidewall and assist in defining the path of closing movement.
摘要翻译： 双瓣和单闭塞心脏瓣膜具有改进的枢轴布置，可以对流量反转产生快速的阀响应并最小化冲击。 可滑动地和可枢转地安装在心脏瓣膜体中的阀构件或闭塞器可以精确地平行于处于打开位置的血液流动。 阀构件上的凸块接合从阀体侧壁中的平壁部分径向向内延伸的突起上的表面，并且这些相互接合的表面的形状和关系提供快速的初始旋转，低磨损和减小的关闭冲击。 侧向引导的耳朵接合阀体弓形侧壁，并协助限定关闭运动的路径。
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公开(公告)号：US5137532A
公开(公告)日：1992-08-11
申请号：US730126
申请日：1991-07-15
IPC分类号： A61F2/24
CPC分类号： A61F2/2403 , Y10T137/7898
摘要： Bi-leaflet heart valves have improved flow characteristics in their open position as a result of employing valve bodies of elongated axial dimension. By elongating the axial dimension of valve bodies which have straight, smooth interior wall surfaces oriented parallel to the centerline through the valve and to the flow path of blood, and by employing a pair of occluders which have major surfaces that are rectilinear and can assume an orientation that is substantially parallel to the centerline in the open position, a streamlining of blood flow occurs. The pivot arrangements avoid the use of acute angular surface orientations and cause the occluders, although aligned substantially parallel to blood flow in the open position, to promptly pivot toward the closed position upon reversal of blood flow. This streamlining substantially reduces turbulence and results in low head loss, both significant advantages in bi-leaflet heart valve performance.
摘要翻译： 由于采用细长轴向尺寸的阀体，双瓣心脏瓣膜在其打开位置具有改善的流动特性。 通过延长具有平行于中心线的直线，平滑的内壁表面的阀体的轴向尺寸，通过阀和血液的流动路径，并且通过使用一对闭塞器，其具有直线的主表面并且可以呈现 取向基本上平行于打开位置的中心线，发生血流的精简。 枢转装置避免使用急性角度表面取向并且使闭塞器虽然基本上平行于处于打开位置的血流排列，但是在血液流动反向时能够迅速地向闭合位置枢转。 这种精简大大减少湍流并导致低头损失，双瓣心脏瓣膜性能的显着优点。
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公开(公告)号：US20100132533A1
公开(公告)日：2010-06-03
申请号：US12698817
申请日：2010-02-02
CPC分类号： G10D1/005
摘要： Pyrocarbon components have been found to create richer, clearer sound when employed as bridges (19), saddles (1), nuts (2), frets (3), tuning heads (4), pegs (9) and other components which contact the strings in guitars (6, 16), violins (11) and like stringed musical instruments. Bridges/saddles and nuts of stringed instruments produce a marked difference in the sound when pyrocarbon components are used compared with currently used materials. There is a significant increase in sound volume for a given intensity of string movement, along with richer harmonics and a clearer, less muddy sound. The crystalline structure of pyrolytic carbon minimizes the damping of string vibration as it is transferred to the sound-amplifying portion of acoustic instruments, producing a rich, pleasing and higher volume sound. The useful life of strings is increased in contact with pyrolytic carbon components before they go “dead” or break.
摘要翻译： 已经发现，当用作桥梁（19），鞍座（1），螺母（2），弹簧（3），调谐头（4），钉（9）和其他与之接触的部件时，已经发现热塑性部件产生更丰富，更清晰的声音 吉他琴弦（6,16），小提琴（11）和弦乐器等。 与目前使用的材料相比，使用热电偶组件时，弦乐器的桥梁/鞍座和坚果产生了明显的声音差异。 对于给定强度的弦线运动，音量显着增加，以及更丰富的谐波和更清晰，更少的泥泞声音。 热解碳的结晶结构将弦振动的阻尼最小化，将其传递到声学仪器的声音放大部分，产生丰富，令人愉悦和更高音量的声音。 在热解碳组分“死”或断裂之前，串联的使用寿命增加。
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公开(公告)号：US06315793B1
公开(公告)日：2001-11-13
申请号：US09392234
申请日：1999-09-08
IPC分类号： A61F206
CPC分类号： A61F2/2475 , A61F2/06 , A61F2/2424
摘要： A prosthetic venous valve having a two-piece housing which includes upstream and downstream sections. The upstream section contains a circular seat against which an occluder comes in sealing contact when the valve is in its closed position. The downstream housing section is shaped so as to prevent escape of the occluder downstream and to halt the reciprocating motion of the occluder in the open position where there is an open pathway past the occluder. A plurality of fins on the interior of the downstream housing section or on the surface of the occluder assure there is a blood flow path downstream past the occluder in the open position. The two-piece construction allows the housing sections to be axially spaced apart so that blood comes in contact with the interior surface of the patient's vein immediately downstream of the upstream section of the housing. Such arrangement is biologically advantageous and permits momentary deflections of either of the housing sections from its normal coaxial orientation without harm to the valve or disruption of its functioning.
摘要翻译： 一种假体静脉瓣膜，其具有包括上游和下游部分的两件式壳体。 上游部分包含一个圆形座，当阀门处于关闭位置时，阻塞器与该密封接触。 下游容纳部分被成形为防止封堵器下游逸出，并阻止封闭器在打开位置的往复运动，其中有打开的通路经过封堵器。 在下游容纳部分的内部或封堵器的表面上的多个散热片确保在打开位置下游通过封堵器的血流通道。 两件式构造允许壳体部分轴向间隔开，使得血液紧邻患者静脉的内表面，紧邻壳体上游部分的下游。 这种布置在生物学上是有利的并且允许任何一个壳体部分的瞬时偏转从其正常的同轴取向而不损害阀或其功能的中断。
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