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11.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06298284B1
公开(公告)日：2001-10-02
申请号：US09110771
申请日：1998-07-06
申请人： Leigh R. Burns, Jr. , Timothy A. Strege , Michael T. Stieff , Daniel B. January , Nicholas J. Colarelli, III
发明人： Leigh R. Burns, Jr. , Timothy A. Strege , Michael T. Stieff , Daniel B. January , Nicholas J. Colarelli, III
IPC分类号： G01M138
CPC分类号： G01B11/275 , G01B11/2755 , G01B2210/12 , G01B2210/143 , G01B2210/146 , G01B2210/20 , G01B2210/30 , G01B2210/303
摘要： Apparatus and method for determining the alignment positions and orientations of vehicle wheels includes optical targets mounted on the wheels. A pair of cameras or other image sensing devices on each side of the vehicle are used to obtain images of the various optical targets and a computer is responsive to the images of the targets to determine values of wheel alignment parameters of the vehicle. The surface on which the wheels are disposed may be an automotive lift or a stationary runway. One camera on each side is directed at the target on the corresponding front wheel and the other camera on each side is directed at the target on the corresponding rear wheel. When used with a rack, the major axis of the field of view of each camera is disposed vertically. When used with a stationary runway, the major axis of the field of view of each camera is disposed horizontally.
摘要翻译： 用于确定车轮的对准位置和取向的装置和方法包括安装在车轮上的光学目标。 使用车辆两侧的一对照相机或其他图像感测装置来获得各种光学目标的图像，并且计算机响应目标的图像来确定车辆的车轮对准参数的值。 轮子所在的表面可以是汽车升降机或固定跑道。 每一侧的一个摄像机指向相应前轮上的目标，并且每一侧上的另一摄像机被引导到相应后轮上的目标。 当与机架一起使用时，每个摄像机的视野的主轴垂直布置。 当与固定跑道一起使用时，每个摄像机的视场的主轴水平放置。
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公开(公告)号：US5537876A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-23
申请号：US285391
申请日：1994-08-02
CPC分类号： G01N29/221 , G01N29/041 , G01N29/223 , G01N29/42 , G01N2291/0234 , G01N2291/0421 , G01N2291/0422 , G01N2291/044 , G01N2291/2675
摘要： Apparatus and method for nondestructive evaluation of butt welds. The present invention in its broadest form includes an apparatus and method for detecting flaws in butt welds in steel sheets using horizontal shear ultrasonic waves generated on the surface thereof. Observation of reflected waves having amplitude greater than a chosen value signals the presence of significant flaw. To achieve this objective, the present apparatus detects only reflected horizontal shear waves; other modes are electronically removed using bandpass filters, since they occur at different frequencies. The invention may therefore be used in the presence of surface structures such as clamps and the like, and in the presence of surface nonuniformities in the vicinity of the weld, thereby permitting on-line flaw detection steel mill environment without interfering with the line output. The ultrasonic waves are generated and received by a pair of electromagnetic acoustical transducers having magnetic fields which are oriented 40-65 degrees from the direction of the transmitted and received waves.
摘要翻译： 对接焊接非破坏性评估装置及方法。 其最广泛形式的本发明包括使用在其表面上产生的水平剪切超声波来检测钢板对接焊缝中的缺陷的装置和方法。 观察幅度大于所选值的反射波表明存在明显的缺陷。 为了达到这个目的，本装置只检测反射的水平剪切波; 使用带通滤波器电子地去除其他模式，因为它们以不同的频率出现。 因此，本发明可以在诸如夹具等的表面结构的存在下使用，并且在焊接附近存在表面不均匀性的情况下使用，从而允许在线探伤钢厂环境而不干扰线路输出。 超声波由具有磁场的一对电磁换能器产生和接收，所述磁场从发射和接收波的方向定向成40-65度。
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公开(公告)号：US5489983A
公开(公告)日：1996-02-06
申请号：US429680
申请日：1995-04-27
IPC分类号： G01B11/275 , G01B11/26 , G01B5/24 , G01C1/00 , H01J40/14
CPC分类号： G01B11/2755 , G01B2210/16 , G01B2210/283
摘要： A system for measuring angular relationships of wheels of a vehicle includes a radiation source mounted with respect to a first wheel for providing a radiation signal, an image detector having an active array of pixels mounted with respect to a second wheel for receiving an image from the radiation source and for producing an output in response to the radiation signal, and a radiation detector disposed in the path of the radiation from the radiation source for detecting the presence of the radiation signal. A controller is responsive to the presence of the radiation signal to activate the image detector to receive the image from the radiation source and determine an alignment angle of a wheel of the vehicle from the output of the image detector. A mask is mounted between the radiation source and the detector for defining an image of the radiation source upon the detector, the mask preferably having at least three slits therein. The system also uses radiation signals and the active pixel array detector to electronically determine wheel base and/or track width and corrects alignment characteristic values for errors which are affected by wheelbase. The system also uses such radiation signals and detectors to electronically determine ride height and/or wheel offset distances.
摘要翻译： 用于测量车辆的车轮的角度关系的系统包括相对于用于提供辐射信号的第一轮安装的辐射源，具有相对于第二轮安装的有源像素阵列的图像检测器，用于从 辐射源并且用于响应于辐射信号产生输出;以及放射线检测器，设置在来自辐射源的辐射路径中，用于检测辐射信号的存在。 控制器响应辐射信号的存在来激活图像检测器以从辐射源接收图像，并且从图像检测器的输出确定车辆的车轮的对准角度。 掩模安装在辐射源和检测器之间，用于在检测器上限定辐射源的图像，掩模优选地在其中具有至少三个狭缝。 该系统还使用辐射信号和有源像素阵列检测器以电子方式确定车轮基座和/或轨道宽度，并校正受轴距影响的误差的对准特性值。 该系统还使用这种辐射信号和检测器来电子地确定行驶高度和/或车轮偏移距离。
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公开(公告)号：US4777824A
公开(公告)日：1988-10-18
申请号：US66772
申请日：1987-06-25
CPC分类号： G01N29/2412 , B06B1/04 , G01N2291/0234 , G01N2291/0423 , G01N2291/0427
摘要： A noncontact ultrasonic transducer for studying the acoustic properties of a metal workpiece includes a generally planar magnetizing coil positioned above the surface of the workpiece, and a generally planar eddy current coil between the magnetizing coil and the workpiece. When a large current is passed through the magnetizing coil, a large magnetic field is applied to the near-surface regions of the workpiece. The eddy current coil can then be operated as a transmitter by passing an alternating current therethrough to excite ultrasonic waves in the surface of the workpiece, or operated as a passive receiver to sense ultrasonic waves in the surface by measuring the output signal. The geometries of the two coils can be varied widely to be effective for different types of ultrasonic waves. The coils are preferably packaged in a housing which does not interfere with their operation, but protects them from a variety of adverse environmental conditions.
摘要翻译： 用于研究金属工件的声学特性的非接触式超声换能器包括位于工件表面上方的大致平面的磁化线圈，以及位于磁化线圈和工件之间的大体平面的涡流线圈。 当大电流通过磁化线圈时，大的磁场被施加到工件的近表面区域。 涡流线圈然后可以通过使交流电流通过其来激发工件表面中的超声波，或者作为无源接收器操作，作为发射器，以通过测量输出信号来感测表面中的超声波。 两个线圈的几何形状可以广泛地变化，以对于不同类型的超声波是有效的。 线圈优选地包装在壳体中，其不干扰其操作，而是保护它们免受各种不利的环境条件的影响。
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公开(公告)号：US07974806B1
公开(公告)日：2011-07-05
申请号：US12556376
申请日：2009-09-09
IPC分类号： G01M1/38
CPC分类号： G01B11/2755 , G01B2210/14 , G01B2210/22 , G01B2210/26 , G01B2210/306
摘要： A method for compensating axial misalignment between wheel-mounted alignment sensors and an axis of rotation for an associated wheel. The method compensates sensors mounted to each wheel of a vehicle simultaneously, without requiring jacking of the vehicle wheels above a supporting surface, and which only requires wheel rotational movement over an arc of 60 degrees or less. The method utilizes measurements of a change in a wheel toe angle and measurements of a change in a wheel camber angle, during a measured rotational movement of the wheel, to identify sinusoidal variation in the respective toe and camber angles during the wheel's rotational movement, from which a measure of axial misalignment between the wheel-mounted alignment sensor axis of rotation and the wheel axis of rotation is identified.
摘要翻译： 一种用于补偿轮对准传感器与相关轮的旋转轴线之间的轴向不对准的方法。 该方法同时补偿安装到车辆的每个车轮的传感器，而不需要在支撑表面上方将车轮顶起，并且仅需要在60度或更小的弧度上进行车轮旋转运动。 该方法利用在轮的测量的旋转运动期间对车轮脚趾角度的变化的测量和车轮外倾角的变化的测量，以识别车轮旋转运动期间各自的脚趾和外倾角的正弦变化， 识别轮对准传感器旋转轴线和车轮旋转轴线之间的轴向未对准的量度。
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公开(公告)号：US20090279077A1
公开(公告)日：2009-11-12
申请号：US12463150
申请日：2009-05-08
IPC分类号： G01B11/275
CPC分类号： G01B11/2755 , G01B11/25 , G01B2210/14
摘要： Methods and systems for determining a parameter of a vehicle wheel are provided. The vehicle wheel is mounted on a shaft having an axis of rotation. The method includes projecting a pattern onto the wheel wherein the pattern includes a plurality of discrete optically detectable elements and determining a dimensional parameter of the wheel utilizing at least two of the plurality of discrete elements.
摘要翻译： 提供了用于确定车轮的参数的方法和系统。 车轮安装在具有旋转轴线的轴上。 该方法包括将图案投影到轮上，其中图案包括多个离散的光学可检测元件，并且利用多个离散元件中的至少两个来确定轮的尺寸参数。
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公开(公告)号：US07583372B2
公开(公告)日：2009-09-01
申请号：US11421181
申请日：2006-05-31
IPC分类号： G01B11/26
CPC分类号： G01B11/2755 , G01B2210/146 , G06T7/0006 , G06T7/593
摘要： A method of the present invention provides methods for processing images of vehicle wheel assemblies acquired during vehicle service procedures to determine vehicle wheel assembly pose components, from which vehicle wheel alignment angles may be calculated.
摘要翻译： 本发明的方法提供了用于处理在车辆服务程序期间获取的车轮组件的图像以确定车轮组件姿势部件的方法，可以从该车轮组件姿势部件计算车轮对准角度。
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18.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07336350B2
公开(公告)日：2008-02-26
申请号：US10958872
申请日：2004-10-05
申请人： Daniel R. Dorrance , Nicholas J. Colarelli, III , Timothy A. Strege , Thomas J. Golab , David A. Voeller , Mark S. Shylanski , Leigh R. Burns, Jr.
发明人： Daniel R. Dorrance , Nicholas J. Colarelli, III , Timothy A. Strege , Thomas J. Golab , David A. Voeller , Mark S. Shylanski , Leigh R. Burns, Jr.
IPC分类号： G01B11/26
CPC分类号： G01B11/2755 , G01B2210/143 , G01B2210/286
摘要： A vehicle wheel alignment system utilizing a non-contact range finding system in conjunction with one or more optical imaging sensors to acquire images of a fixed target, fixed random object, or the vehicle wheels, from which three-dimensional information related to one or more optical imaging sensor positions or vehicle wheel alignment angles can be obtained.
摘要翻译： 一种车轮对准系统，其利用非接触测距系统与一个或多个光学成像传感器相结合，以获取固定目标，固定随机对象或车辆车轮的图像，三维信息与一个或多个 可以获得光学成像传感器位置或车轮对准角度。
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公开(公告)号：US07164472B2
公开(公告)日：2007-01-16
申请号：US10682247
申请日：2003-10-09
申请人： Daniel R. Dorrance , Timothy A. Strege , Leigh R. Burns, Jr. , Mark S. Shylanski , Thomas J. Golab
发明人： Daniel R. Dorrance , Timothy A. Strege , Leigh R. Burns, Jr. , Mark S. Shylanski , Thomas J. Golab
CPC分类号： G01B11/275 , G01C11/04
摘要： A camera configuration for a machine vision vehicle wheel alignment system which does not dispose all of the cameras on a single rigid structure, such that cameras disposed to view the left side of a vehicle are movable independently of the cameras disposed to view the right side of the vehicle, while maintaining a common reference coordinate system for determining vehicle wheel alignment angles.
摘要翻译： 一种用于机器视觉车轮对准系统的照相机配置，其不将所有照相机布置在单个刚性结构上，使得设置成观察车辆左侧的照相机可独立于设置为观察右侧的照相机而移动 同时保持用于确定车轮对准角度的公共参考坐标系。
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公开(公告)号：US5519489A
公开(公告)日：1996-05-21
申请号：US339461
申请日：1994-11-18
IPC分类号： G01B11/275 , G01B11/26 , G01B5/24 , G01C3/00
CPC分类号： G01B11/2755 , G01B2210/16 , G01B2210/283
摘要： An improved vehicle alignment system includes automatic angle and distance range calibration whereby various vehicle distances such as track width and wheelbase may be measured electro-optically during the alignment process. The system also includes an improved process which results in shorter measurement cycles for the sensors by utilizing an electronic shutter control. The sensors work in pairs, and a novel synchronization scheme is used to ensure that the emitters of one sensor are not radiating at the same time the emitters of the other sensor of that pair are radiating and to determine which emitter of the pair corresponding to a sensor is radiating. Reflections of the emitters from nearby surfaces are discriminated from direct transmissions so that the angle of incidence is accurately determined. Moreover, determination of the angle of incidence is simplified by use of a lens whose image position varies in a specific manner as the imaged object moves radially away from the axis of the lens. The present system is particularly suited for measuring difficult alignment measurements such as toe-out on turns electro-optically with a minimal number of sensors.
摘要翻译： 改进的车辆对准系统包括自动角度和距离范围校准，由此可以在对准过程期间电光测量各种车辆距离，例如轨道宽度和轴距。 该系统还包括一种改进的过程，其通过利用电子快门控制使得传感器的测量周期更短。 传感器成对工作，并且使用新的同步方案来确保一个传感器的发射器不同时辐射该对的另一个传感器的发射器辐射，并确定该对的发射器对应于 传感器正在辐射。 来自附近表面的发射体的反射与直接传输区分开，以便准确地确定入射角。 此外，通过使用其成像位置随着成像物体径向远离透镜的轴线而以特定方式变化的透镜被简化，从而简化了入射角的确定。 本系统特别适用于测量困难的对准测量，例如使用最少数量的传感器进行电光转换的转弯。
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