公开(公告)号：US07272021B2

公开(公告)日：2007-09-18

申请号：US11407699

申请日：2006-04-20

申请人： Martin F. Schlecht ,  Richard W. Farrington

发明人： Martin F. Schlecht ,  Richard W. Farrington

IPC分类号： H02M3/335

CPC分类号： H02M3/33561 ,  H02M3/33592 ,  Y02B70/1475

摘要： In a power converter, the duty cycle of a primary winding circuit causes near continuous flow of power through the primary and secondary winding circuits during normal operation. By providing no regulation during normal operation, a very efficient circuit is obtained with a synchronous rectifier in the secondary operating at all times. However, during certain conditions such as start up or a short-circuit, the duty cycle of the primary may be reduced to cause freewheeling periods. A normally non-regulating isolation stage may be followed by plural non-isolating regulation stages. To simplify the gate drive, the synchronous rectifiers may be allowed to turn off for a portion of the cycle when the duty cycle is reduced. A filter inductance of the secondary winding circuit is sufficient to minimize ripple during normal operation, but allows large ripple when the duty cycle is reduced. By accepting large ripple during other than normal operation, a smaller filter inductance can be used.

摘要翻译： 在功率转换器中，初级绕组电路的占空比在正常工作期间通过初级绕组电路和次级绕组电路产生近乎连续的电力流动。 通过在正常工作期间不提供调节，在二次操作中始终可以使用同步整流器获得非常有效的电路。 然而，在诸如启动或短路的某些条件下，初级的占空比可以减小以产生续流周期。 正常非调节隔离阶段之后可以是多个非隔离调节阶段。 为了简化栅极驱动，当占空比减小时，同步整流器可以被允许关闭周期的一部分。 次级绕组电路的滤波电感足以在正常工作期间最小化纹波，但是当占空比减小时允许较大的纹波。 通过在正常工作以外接受大的纹波，可以使用较小的滤波电感。

公开(公告)号：US06459600B2

公开(公告)日：2002-10-01

申请号：US09772098

申请日：2001-01-27

申请人： Richard W. Farrington ,  Claes Svardsjo ,  William Hart

发明人： Richard W. Farrington ,  Claes Svardsjo ,  William Hart

IPC分类号： H02M2127

CPC分类号： H02J1/102 ,  H02M3/33592 ,  Y02B70/1475

摘要： The present invention provides a method for preventing a fault condition in a DC-DC converter (10, 20, 50) having a first secondary winding (Ns1) coupled to a first synchronous rectifier (SQ1) and a second secondary winding (Ns2) coupled to a second synchronous rectifier (SQ2). The first synchronous rectifier (SQ1) is turned on based on a voltage across the first secondary winding (Ns1) and is turned off based on a first driver signal. The second synchronous rectifier (SQ2) is turned on based on a voltage across the second secondary winding (Ns2) and is turned off based on a second driver signal. The present invention also provides a DC-DC converter (10, 20, 50) wherein a first control circuit is coupled to and controls the first synchronous rectifier (SQ1) pursuant to the method described above, and a second control circuit is coupled to and controls the second synchronous rectifier (SQ2) pursuant to the method described above.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于防止具有耦合到第一同步整流器（SQ1）和第二次级绕组（Ns2）的第二次级绕组（Ns1）的DC-DC转换器（10,20,50）中的故障状态的方法， 到第二同步整流器（SQ2）。 第一同步整流器（SQ1）基于第一次级绕组（Ns1）两端的电压而导通，并基于第一驱动器信号而断开。 第二同步整流器（SQ2）基于第二次级绕组（Ns2）两端的电压而导通，并基于第二驱动器信号而断开。 本发明还提供了一种DC-DC转换器（10,20,50），其中根据上述方法将第一控制电路耦合到第一同步整流器（SQ1）并控制第一同步整流器（SQ1），并且第二控制电路耦合到 根据上述方法控制第二同步整流器（SQ2）。

公开(公告)号：US06166927A

公开(公告)日：2000-12-26

申请号：US361023

申请日：1999-07-23

申请人： Richard W. Farrington ,  William Hart

发明人： Richard W. Farrington ,  William Hart

IPC分类号： H02M3/337 ,  H02M3/335

CPC分类号： H02M3/337

摘要： A push-pull converter for converting an input voltage to a selectable output voltage is disclosed. The push-pull converter includes a pair of primary switches and a pair of primary windings of a transformer. The voltage stress across the primary switches is regulated by means of a clamp capacitor. The clamp capacitor clamps the voltage of the primary switches during the reset of the primary windings of the transformer. An alternate embodiment is also disclosed in which the voltage stress across the primary switches is regulated by means of two clamp capacitors. The clamp capacitor clamps the voltage of the primary switches during the reset of the primary windings of the transformer. The clamp capacitors extend the transformer reset period to include the lagging dead time for the corresponding switches, as well as the complementary powering stage. Current in the output section during the dead times is permitted by means of an additional diode, therein.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于将输入电压转换为可选输出电压的推挽转换器。 推挽转换器包括一对初级开关和一对变压器的初级绕组。 主开关两端的电压应力通过钳位电容来调节。 在变压器的初级绕组复位期间，钳位电容器钳位初级开关的电压。 还公开了一种替代实施例，其中通过两个钳位电容器来调节初级开关两端的电压应力。 在变压器的初级绕组复位期间，钳位电容器钳位初级开关的电压。 钳位电容器将变压器复位周期延长，以包括相应开关的滞后死区时间，以及互补供电阶段。 在死区期间输出部分的电流通过附加二极管在其中被允许。

公开(公告)号：US6038148A

公开(公告)日：2000-03-14

申请号：US209733

申请日：1998-12-11

申请人： Richard W. Farrington ,  Jun Zhang ,  William Hart

发明人： Richard W. Farrington ,  Jun Zhang ,  William Hart

IPC分类号： H02M7/21 ,  H02M1/38 ,  H02M3/28 ,  H02M3/335 ,  H02M7/00

CPC分类号： H02M1/38 ,  H02M3/33592 ,  Y02B70/1475

摘要： A self-driven synchronous rectifier circuit (42) for a power converter. The circuit comprises a transformer (49, 70) having a secondary winding with a first and second terminal, a first synchronous rectifier (14) coupled to the second transformer terminal and having a control terminal, and a second synchronous rectifier (16) coupled to the first transformer terminal and having a control terminal. The circuit (42) also comprises a first switch (44) coupled to the first synchronous rectifier (14) control terminal, and a second switch (46) coupled to the second synchronous rectifier (16) control terminal. The first (44) and second switch (46) are also coupled to the secondary winding. Switching transitions of the first (14) and second (16) synchronous rectifiers are initiated by a polarity reversal of the voltage of the secondary transformer winding.

摘要翻译： 一种用于功率转换器的自驱动同步整流电路（42）。 电路包括具有第一和第二端子的次级绕组的变压器（49,70），耦合到第二变压器端子并具有控制端子的第一同步整流器（14）和耦合到第二同步整流器 第一变压器端子并具有控制端子。 电路（42）还包括耦合到第一同步整流器（14）控制端子的第一开关（44）和耦合到第二同步整流器（16）控制端子的第二开关（46）。 第一（44）和第二开关（46）也耦合到次级绕组。 第一（14）和第二（16）同步整流器的开关跃迁由次级变压器绕组的电压的极性反转引起。

公开(公告)号：US5883795A

公开(公告)日：1999-03-16

申请号：US67525

申请日：1998-04-28

申请人： Richard W. Farrington

发明人： Richard W. Farrington

IPC分类号： H02M3/335 ,  H02H3/335

CPC分类号： H02M3/33538

摘要： For use with a power converter couplable to a source of electrical power and having a power switch coupled to a primary and tertiary winding of a transformer, the power switch capable of impressing an input voltage (Vin) across the primary winding and a duty cycle (D) of the power switch limited by a voltage applied to reset the transformer, a clamp circuit and method of increasing an efficiency of the power converter. In one embodiment, the clamp circuit includes: (1) first and second storage devices coupled between the primary and tertiary windings and (2) a switching circuit, coupled between the first and second storage devices, that selectively couples the first and second storage devices in a parallel configuration when the power switch is conducting and in a series configuration when the power switch is not conducting, thereby increasing the voltage to reset the transformer and increasing the duty cycle (D) to improve an efficiency of the power converter.

摘要翻译： 为了与功率转换器耦合到功率源并且具有耦合到变压器的初级和三级绕组的功率开关的功率转换器能够在初级绕组上施加输入电压（Vin）并且占空比（ D）由施加于复位变压器的电压所限制的电源开关，钳位电路和提高功率转换器效率的方法。 在一个实施例中，钳位电路包括：（1）耦合在主绕组和第三绕组之间的第一和第二存储装置和（2）耦合在第一和第二存储装置之间的开关电路，其选择性地耦合第一和第二存储装置 在电源开关导通时处于并联配置，并且当电源开关不导通时处于串联配置，从而增加电压以复位变压器并增加占空比（D）以提高功率转换器的效率。

公开(公告)号：US5572416A

公开(公告)日：1996-11-05

申请号：US255624

申请日：1994-06-09

申请人： Mark E. Jacobs ,  Richard W. Farrington ,  Robert J. Murphy, Jr.

发明人： Mark E. Jacobs ,  Richard W. Farrington ,  Robert J. Murphy, Jr.

IPC分类号： H02M7/06 ,  H02M1/00 ,  H02M1/42 ,  H02M3/155 ,  H02M3/156 ,  H02M7/12 ,  H02M7/217 ,  H03F1/34 ,  H02M7/04 ,  G05F1/625

CPC分类号： H02M1/4225 ,  H02M3/156 ,  H02M2001/0009 ,  Y02B70/126 ,  Y02P80/112

摘要： A converter for enhancing power factor utilizes a line sense winding magnetically coupled to sense a voltage across a line inductor in the input of a high power factor power converter. This winding in the illustrative embodiment is typically a single turn. This winding provides a measurement of the derivative (with respect to time) of the line current, and a specially designed integrator connected to the winding provides the estimate of the line current. An integrator is operative to accurately estimate the current by using known properties of this current to prevent mismeasurement due to reconstructing the "constant of integration" and any small biases in the integrator which normally cause errors.

摘要翻译： 用于增强功率因数的转换器利用磁耦合的线路感测绕组来感测高功率因数功率转换器输入端的线路电感器上的电压。 在说明性实施例中的该绕组通常是单回转。 该绕组提供线路电流的导数（相对于时间）的测量，并且连接到绕组的专门设计的积分器提供线路电流的估计。 积分器可以通过使用该电流的已知属性来准确地估计电流，以防止由于重建“积分常数”而导致的误测量以及通常导致误差的积分器中的任何小偏差。

公开(公告)号：US5912549A

公开(公告)日：1999-06-15

申请号：US905105

申请日：1997-08-01

申请人： Richard W. Farrington ,  William P. Gardiner ,  Mark E. Jacobs ,  Hengchun Mao

发明人： Richard W. Farrington ,  William P. Gardiner ,  Mark E. Jacobs ,  Hengchun Mao

IPC分类号： H02M1/00 ,  H02M1/42 ,  G05F1/70

CPC分类号： H02M1/4225 ,  Y02B70/126 ,  Y02P80/112

摘要： For use with a power factor correction circuit, a current mode controller, a method of operating current mode control to achieve power factor correction thereof and a power supply incorporating the controller or the method. In one embodiment, the controller includes: (1) a modulator, coupled to a switch in the power factor correction circuit, that senses an electrical characteristic and a current passing through the power factor correction circuit and provides, in response thereto, a control signal to the switch and (2) a compensation circuit, coupled to an input of the power factor correction circuit, that provides a compensation signal to the modulator that is a function of a rectified line voltage provided to the input of the power factor correction circuit. The compensation signal causes the modulator to modify the control signal to reduce a total harmonic distortion (THD) of the power factor correction circuit.

摘要翻译： 用于功率因数校正电路，电流模式控制器，操作电流模式控制以实现其功率因数校正的方法和结合该控制器或方法的电源。 在一个实施例中，控制器包括：（1）耦合到功率因数校正电路中的开关的调制器，其感测通过功率因数校正电路的电特性和电流，并响应于此提供控制信号 和（2）补偿电路，其耦合到功率因数校正电路的输入，该补偿电路为调制器提供补偿信号，该补偿信号是提供给功率因数校正电路的输入的整流线电压的函数。 补偿信号使调制器修改控制信号，以降低功率因数校正电路的总谐波失真（THD）。

公开(公告)号：US5883793A

公开(公告)日：1999-03-16

申请号：US69909

申请日：1998-04-30

申请人： Richard W. Farrington

发明人： Richard W. Farrington

IPC分类号： H02M3/335

CPC分类号： H02M3/33569

摘要： For use with a power converter having first and second power switches coupled between a converter input and a primary winding of a transformer to impress an input voltage across the primary winding, a voltage clamp circuit for, and method of, resetting the transformer and a power converter employing the clamp circuit or the method. In one embodiment, the clamp circuit includes: (1) first and second reset windings coupled between the first and second power switches, (2) first and second energy storage devices coupled between the primary winding and the first and second reset windings, respectively, and (3) first and second switching circuits, coupled to the first reset winding and the second reset winding, respectively, that provide an electrical path from the primary winding to the converter input through the first and second reset windings, respectively, when the first and second power switches are not conducting.

摘要翻译： 为了与功率转换器一起使用，该功率转换器具有耦合在变压器输入端和变压器的初级绕组之间的第一和第二功率开关，以在一次绕组上施加输入电压，用于复位变压器的电压钳位电路和复位方法以及功率 转换器采用钳位电路或方法。 在一个实施例中，钳位电路包括：（1）耦合在第一和第二功率开关之间的第一和第二复位绕组，（2）分别耦合在初级绕组和第一和第二复位绕组之间的第一和第二能量存储装置， 和（3）分别耦合到第一复位绕组和第二复位绕组的第一和第二开关电路，当第一和第二开关电路分别通过第一和第二复位绕组提供从初级绕组到转换器输入的电路， 并且第二电源开关不导通。

公开(公告)号：US5870291A

公开(公告)日：1999-02-09

申请号：US936986

申请日：1997-09-25

申请人： Richard W. Farrington ,  Mark E. Jacobs ,  Rui Liu

发明人： Richard W. Farrington ,  Mark E. Jacobs ,  Rui Liu

IPC分类号： H02M3/335

CPC分类号： H02M3/33569

摘要： An asymmetrical half-bridge converter, a method of operating the same and a power supply that incorporates either the converter or the method. In one embodiment, the converter includes: (1) a power transformer that receives asymmetrical AC input power into a primary winding thereof via an input capacitor, the asymmetrical AC input power inducing a DC bias current in a secondary winding of the power transformer and (2) first and second serially-coupled output inductors coupled across the secondary winding and having parasitic resistances associated therewith that are independently selectable to attenuate the DC bias circuit in the secondary winding.

摘要翻译： 不对称半桥转换器，其操作方法以及包含转换器或方法的电源。 在一个实施例中，转换器包括：（1）电源变压器，其经由输入电容器将不对称的AC输入功率接收到其初级绕组中，所述非对称AC输入功率引起所述电力变压器的次级绕组中的DC偏置电流， 2）耦合在次级绕组两端并具有与其相关联的寄生电阻的第一和第二串联耦合的输出电感器，其独立地可选择以衰减次级绕组中的DC偏置电路。

公开(公告)号：US5457379A

公开(公告)日：1995-10-10

申请号：US137682

申请日：1993-10-15

申请人： Mark E. Jacobs ,  Richard W. Farrington ,  Vijayan J. Thottuvelil

发明人： Mark E. Jacobs ,  Richard W. Farrington ,  Vijayan J. Thottuvelil

IPC分类号： H02M3/155 ,  G05F1/613 ,  H02M3/158 ,  G05F1/10

CPC分类号： H02M3/158 ,  G05F1/613

摘要： A switching boost regulator, including auxiliary circuitry having an auxiliary switch and inductor connected to operate the regulator in a zero-voltage transition mode, achieves substantial efficiency improvement by limiting losses in the auxiliary circuitry dedicated to achieving zero-voltage transition operation. Loss reduction circuitry included with the auxiliary circuitry cooperatively operates to limit turn-on and conduction losses and to suppress ringing of the components of the auxiliary circuit.

摘要翻译： 开关升压调节器包括具有辅助开关和电感器的辅助电路，其连接以在零电压转换模式下操作调节器，通过限制专用于实现零电压转换操作的辅助电路中的损耗来实现显着的效率提高。 辅助电路所包括的减少损耗电路协同工作，以限制导通和导通损耗，并抑制辅助电路的组件振铃。