Electronic devices having compact ultra-wideband antennas

    公开(公告)号:US11239550B2

    公开(公告)日:2022-02-01

    申请号:US16849776

    申请日:2020-04-15

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with an antenna for receiving signals in first and second ultra-wideband communications bands. The antenna may include a shielding ring that runs around first and second arms. The first arm may radiate in the first band and the second arm may radiate in the second band. The first arm may have an end formed from a first segment of the ring and a radiating edge facing the second arm. The second arm may have an end formed from a second segment of the ring and a radiating edge facing the first arm. First and second sets of conductive vias may couple the ring to ground. The first set may form a return path for the first arm. The second set may form a return path for the second arm.

    Electronic Device Having Angle of Arrival Detection Capabilities

    公开(公告)号:US20210351494A1

    公开(公告)日:2021-11-11

    申请号:US17383275

    申请日:2021-07-22

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with wireless circuitry that includes first, second, and third antennas used to determine the position and orientation of the electronic device relative to external equipment. The antennas may include patch elements on respective substrates mounted to a flexible printed circuit. Each substrate may include fences of conductive vias that are coupled to ground and that laterally surround the corresponding patch element. Control circuitry may identify phase differences between the first and second antennas and between the second and third antennas and may identify an angle of arrival of received ultra-wideband signals using the phase differences. The control circuitry may compare the phase differences to a set of predetermined surfaces of phase differences to identify environmental loading conditions for the antenna. The control circuitry may correct the angle of arrival using offsets identified based on the environmental loading conditions.

    Test probes for phased antenna arrays

    公开(公告)号:US11070300B2

    公开(公告)日:2021-07-20

    申请号:US16357184

    申请日:2019-03-18

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with wireless circuitry that is tested in a test system. The test system may include test probes. Circuitry under test may wirelessly transmit test signals. The test probes may receive the test signals at multiple locations. Circuitry may measure direct current (DC) voltages generated by the test probes and may convert the voltages to electric field magnitudes. A test host may process the electric field magnitudes to determine whether the circuitry under test exhibits a satisfactory radiation pattern. The test probes may include dielectric substrates and one or more dipole elements coupled to respective diodes. The dipole elements may include indium tin oxide (ITO) and may include first and second sets of orthogonal dipole elements. Transmission lines coupled to the dipole elements may include ITO and may form low pass filters that convert rectified voltages produced by the diodes into the DC voltages.

    Electronic Device Having Dual-Frequency Ultra-Wideband Antennas

    公开(公告)号:US20210135361A1

    公开(公告)日:2021-05-06

    申请号:US17147117

    申请日:2021-01-12

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with antennas for receiving signals in first and second ultra-wideband communications bands. The antennas may include a resonating element formed from conductive traces on a dielectric substrate. The substrate may be mounted to an underlying flexible printed circuit. A fence of conductive vias may extend from the resonating element, through the substrate and the flexible printed circuit, to a ground plane on the flexible printed circuit. The fence may form a return path for the antenna. A shielding ring may be formed on the substrate. Additional fences of vias may couple the shielding ring to the ground plane. If desired, the resonating element may include a patch that is not shorted to the ground plane. The fences of vias, the conductive traces, and the ground plane may form a continuous antenna cavity for the resonating element.

    Electronic device antennas for performing angle of arrival detection

    公开(公告)号:US10903566B2

    公开(公告)日:2021-01-26

    申请号:US15718288

    申请日:2017-09-28

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with wireless circuitry that includes antenna structures used to determine the position and orientation of the electronic device relative to external wireless equipment. The electronic device may include a housing having a planar conductive layer, a first slot antenna that includes a first bent slot element in the planar conductive layer, and a second slot antenna that includes a second bent slot element in the planar conductive layer. The first and second bent slot elements may be configured to receive radio-frequency signals at the same frequency. The first and second bent slot elements may have the same shape. The electronic device may include control circuitry configured to measure a phase difference between the radio-frequency signals received by the first and second slot antennas. The control circuitry may identify an angle of arrival of the received radio-frequency signals based on the measured phase difference.

    Test Probes for Phased Antenna Arrays
    16.
    发明申请

    公开(公告)号:US20200304216A1

    公开(公告)日:2020-09-24

    申请号:US16357184

    申请日:2019-03-18

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with wireless circuitry that is tested in a test system. The test system may include test probes. Circuitry under test may wirelessly transmit test signals. The test probes may receive the test signals at multiple locations. Circuitry may measure direct current (DC) voltages generated by the test probes and may convert the voltages to electric field magnitudes. A test host may process the electric field magnitudes to determine whether the circuitry under test exhibits a satisfactory radiation pattern. The test probes may include dielectric substrates and one or more dipole elements coupled to respective diodes. The dipole elements may include indium tin oxide (ITO) and may include first and second sets of orthogonal dipole elements. Transmission lines coupled to the dipole elements may include ITO and may form low pass filters that convert rectified voltages produced by the diodes into the DC voltages.

    Electronic Device Having Angle of Arrival Detection Capabilities

    公开(公告)号:US20200021011A1

    公开(公告)日:2020-01-16

    申请号:US16035325

    申请日:2018-07-13

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with wireless circuitry that includes first, second, and third antennas used to determine the position and orientation of the electronic device relative to external equipment. The antennas may include patch elements on respective substrates mounted to a flexible printed circuit. Each substrate may include fences of conductive vias that are coupled to ground and that laterally surround the corresponding patch element. Control circuitry may identify phase differences between the first and second antennas and between the second and third antennas and may identify an angle of arrival of received ultra-wideband signals using the phase differences. The control circuitry may compare the phase differences to a set of predetermined surfaces of phase differences to identify environmental loading conditions for the antenna. The control circuitry may correct the angle of arrival using offsets identified based on the environmental loading conditions.

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