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公开(公告)号：US06956852B1
公开(公告)日：2005-10-18
申请号：US09339963
申请日：1999-06-25
IPC分类号： H04L12/00 , H04L12/413 , H04L12/46
CPC分类号： H04L12/4641 , H04L12/4633
摘要： A high speed communications interface divides data into a plurality of lanes, each lane encoded with clocking information, serialized, and sent to an interface. During cycles when there is no available data to send, IDLE_EVEN and IDLE_ODD cells are sent on alternating cycles. Data is transmitted by sending a header which spans all lanes and includes a START symbol. The final data transaction includes a Frame Check Sequence (FCS) which operates over the entire header and data. The packet is terminated by an END symbol, which is sent after the final data, and the remainder of the lanes are padded with IDLE_EVEN, IDLE_ODD, IDLE_EVEN_BUSY, or IDLE_ODD_BUSY cycles. The interface has a variable clock rate.
摘要翻译： 高速通信接口将数据划分成多个通道，每个通道用时钟信息编码，串行化并发送到接口。 在没有可用数据发送的周期期间，IDLE_EVEN和IDLE_ODD单元是以交替周期发送的。 通过发送跨越所有通道的头部并包括START符号来发送数据。 最终数据事务包括在整个报头和数据上操作的帧校验序列（FCS）。 数据包由END符号终止，该符号在最终数据之后发送，剩余的通道以IDLE_EVEN，IDLE_ODD，IDLE_EVEN_BUSY或IDLE_ODD_BUSY循环填充。 该接口具有可变的时钟速率。
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12.发明授权Method for traffic management, traffic prioritization, access control, and packet forwarding in a datagram computer network 失效数据报计算机网络中流量管理，流量优先级，访问控制和数据包转发的方法公开(公告)号：US06798776B1
公开(公告)日：2004-09-28
申请号：US09482940
申请日：2000-01-14
IPC分类号： H04L1256
CPC分类号： H04L12/4645 , H04L12/4608
摘要： A method and apparatus for an enhanced datagram packet switched computer network is disclosed. The invention processes network datagram packets in network devices as separate flows, based on the source-destination address pair contained in the datagram packet itself. As a result, the network can control and manage each flow of datagrams in a segregated fashion. The processing steps that can be specified for each flow include traffic management, flow control, packet forwarding, access control, and other network management functions. The ability to control network traffic on a per flow basis allows for the efficient handling of a wide range and a large variety of network traffic, as is typical in large-scale computer networks, including video and multimedia type traffic. The amount of buffer resources and bandwidth resources assigned to each flow can be individually controlled by network management. In the dynamic operation of the network, these resources can be varied based on actual network traffic loading and congestion encountered.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于增强型数据包分组交换计算机网络的方法和装置。 本发明基于数据包分组本身包含的源 - 目的地址对，将网络设备中的网络数据包分组处理为单独的流。 因此，网络可以以隔离的方式来控制和管理数据报的每个流。 可以为每个流量指定的处理步骤包括流量管理，流量控制，数据包转发，访问控制和其他网络管理功能。 在每个流量基础上控制网络流量的能力允许有效地处理广泛的范围和各种各样的网络流量，这在大型计算机网络中是典型的，包括视频和多媒体类型的流量。 分配给每个流的缓冲资源和带宽资源的数量可以由网络管理单独控制。 在网络的动态操作中，这些资源可以根据实际的网络流量负载和遇到的拥塞而变化。
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公开(公告)号：US06658002B1
公开(公告)日：2003-12-02
申请号：US09335800
申请日：1999-06-17
IPC分类号： H04L1256
CPC分类号： H04L47/10 , H04L45/50 , H04L45/7453 , H04L47/20 , H04L47/2441 , H04L47/31 , H04L63/101
摘要： An apparatus and method for performing logical operations on information in the communications protocol stack, such as the transport layer (L4) port numbers, characterizing a received packet or frame of data in a data communications device such as a router or switch. The results of the logical operations, along with other packet/frame-identifying data, are used to generate a more efficient lookup key. A content addressable memory (CAM) lookup is used to determine the action indicated by the rules defined by a rule-based routing or switching scheme, such as an access control list (ACL). The results of these logical operations extend the key space and thus provide a finer-grained match between the original, unextended input key and a rule action, thereby pointing to a rule action precisely tailored to packet processing. The rule can thus be applied with fewer CAM entries, providing the versatility improvement and CAM cost reduction necessary to keep up with the ever-increasing rule complexity requirements of advanced data communication and internetworking systems. An embodiment utilizing asymmetrical processing of packets, depending on whether the packet is inbound to the data communications device or outbound from it, is also disclosed. Furthermore, a ternary content-addressable memory (TCAM) implementation is disclosed. Use of a TCAM for ACL or other rule lookups further enhances the efficiency of rule processing by providing a masking capability for each TCAM entry which can be used to provide an additional level of flexibility for rule element checking.
摘要翻译： 对诸如传输层（L4）端口号的通信协议栈中的信息执行逻辑操作的装置和方法，表征诸如路由器或交换机之类的数据通信设备中的接收到的数据包或数据帧。 逻辑操作的结果连同其他分组/帧识别数据一起用于生成更有效的查找键。 内容可寻址存储器（CAM）查找用于确定由基于规则的路由或交换方案（诸如访问控制列表（ACL））定义的规则所指示的动作。 这些逻辑操作的结果扩展了密钥空间，从而在原始的，未扩展的输入密钥和规则动作之间提供了更细粒度的匹配，从而指向了针对数据包处理精确定制的规则操作。 因此，该规则可以应用于较少的CAM条目，提供多功能性改进和CAM成本降低，以适应高级数据通信和互联网络系统日益增长的规则复杂性要求。 还公开了一种利用分组的不对称处理的实施例，这取决于分组是否入站到数据通信设备或者从数据通信设备出站。 此外，公开了三元内容寻址存储器（TCAM）实现。 使用TCAM进行ACL或其他规则查找可以通过为每个TCAM条目提供掩蔽功能来进一步提高规则处理的效率，这可以用于为规则元素检查提供额外的灵活性水平。
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14.发明授权Method for traffic management, traffic prioritization, access control, and packet forwarding in a datagram computer network 失效数据报计算机网络中流量管理，流量优先级，访问控制和数据包转发的方法公开(公告)号：US07443858B1
公开(公告)日：2008-10-28
申请号：US10725968
申请日：2003-12-02
IPC分类号： H04L12/56
CPC分类号： H04L12/4645 , H04L12/4608
摘要： The invention provides an enhanced datagram packet switched computer network. The invention processes network datagram packets in network devices as separate flows, based on the source-destination address pair in the datagram packet. As a result, the network can control and manage each flow of datagrams in a segregated fashion. The processing steps that can be specified for each flow include traffic management, flow control, packet forwarding, access control, and other network management functions. The ability to control network traffic on a per flow basis allows for the efficient handling of a wide range and a large variety of network traffic, as is typical in large-scale computer networks, including video and multimedia traffic. The amount of buffer resources and bandwidth resources assigned to each flow can be individually controlled by network management. In the dynamic operation of the network, these resources can be varied—based on actual network traffic loading and congestion encountered. The invention also teaches an enhanced datagram packet switched computer network which can selectively control flows of datagram packets entering the network and traveling between network nodes. This new network access control method also interoperates with existing media access control protocols, such as used in the Ethernet or 802.3 local area network. An aspect of the invention is that it does not require any changes to existing network protocols or network applications.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种增强型数据包分组交换计算机网络。 本发明基于数据报包中的源 - 目的地址对，将网络设备中的网络数据报包处理为单独的流。 因此，网络可以以隔离的方式来控制和管理数据报的每个流。 可以为每个流量指定的处理步骤包括流量管理，流量控制，数据包转发，访问控制和其他网络管理功能。 在每个流量基础上控制网络流量的能力允许对大范围和各种各样的网络流量的有效处理，如在包括视频和多媒体流量在内的大型计算机网络中典型的。 分配给每个流的缓冲资源和带宽资源的数量可以由网络管理单独控制。 在网络的动态运行中，这些资源可以根据实际的网络流量负载和遇到的拥塞而变化。 本发明还教导了一种增强的数据包分组交换计算机网络，其可以选择性地控制进入网络并在网络节点之间传播的数据报分组的流。 这种新的网络访问控制方法还与现有的媒体访问控制协议（例如在以太网或802.3局域网中使用的协议）互操作。 本发明的一个方面是不需要对现有网络协议或网络应用进行任何改变。
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公开(公告)号：US20080259555A1
公开(公告)日：2008-10-23
申请号：US12101727
申请日：2008-04-11
IPC分类号： H05K7/10
CPC分类号： H05K7/1487 , G06F13/409 , H05K7/1459
摘要： A blade server includes a chassis; a first plurality of bays in the chassis, wherein the first plurality of bays is adapted to receive and at least partially house a plurality of CPU modules, and wherein the first plurality of bays is accessible through a first side of the chassis; a second plurality of bays in the chassis, wherein the second plurality of bays is adapted to receive and at least partially house a plurality of PCI-Express modules, and wherein the second plurality of bays is accessible through a second side of the chassis; and a midplane board arranged to pass a PCI-Express signal between at least one of the plurality of CPU modules and at least one of the plurality of PCI-Express modules.
摘要翻译： 刀片服务器包括机箱; 在所述底盘中的第一多个托架，其中所述第一多个托架适于容纳并且至少部分地容纳多个CPU模块，并且其中所述第一多个托架可通过所述底盘的第一侧进入; 在所述底盘中的第二多个托架，其中所述第二多个托架适于容纳并且至少部分地容纳多个PCI-Express模块，并且其中所述第二多个托架可通过所述底盘的第二侧进入; 以及中间板，其布置成在所述多个CPU模块中的至少一个与所述多个PCI-Express模块中的至少一个之间传递PCI-Express信号。
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公开(公告)号：US20080212273A1
公开(公告)日：2008-09-04
申请号：US12101805
申请日：2008-04-11
IPC分类号： G06F1/16
CPC分类号： H05K7/1487 , G06F1/183
摘要： A rackmount storage server has a printed circuit board (PCB) having connectors for connecting with a plurality of top-loading storage devices. A controller assembly having a PCI expansion slot, is arranged to operatively connect to the passive backplane from a rear side of the PCB. Further, the rackmount storage server has redundant cooling unit for facilitating air flow in an interior region of the rackmount storage server. Further, the rackmount storage server may have an integrated battery for saving power for use in case of, for example, a power failure.
摘要翻译： 机架式存储服务器具有印刷电路板（PCB），其具有用于与多个顶部装载存储装置连接的连接器。 具有PCI扩展槽的控制器组件布置成从PCB的后侧可操作地连接到无源底板。 此外，机架式存储服务器具有用于促进机架式存储服务器的内部区域中的空气流动的冗余冷却单元。 此外，机架式存储服务器可以具有用于在例如电源故障的情况下用于节省电力的集成电池。
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公开(公告)号：US06515963B1
公开(公告)日：2003-02-04
申请号：US09238552
申请日：1999-01-27
IPC分类号： H04L100
CPC分类号： H04L47/621 , H04L47/21 , H04L47/24 , H04L47/2441 , H04L47/30 , H04L47/31 , H04L47/32 , H04L49/90
摘要： The present invention provides a per-flow dynamic buffer management scheme for a data communications device. With per-flow dynamic buffer limiting, the header information for each packet is mapped into an entry in a flow table, with a separate flow table provided for each output queue. Each flow table entry maintains a buffer count for the packets currently in the queue for each flow. On each packet enqueuing action, a dynamic buffer limit is computed for the flow and compared against the buffer count already used by the flow to make a mark, drop, or enqueue decision. A packet in a flow is dropped or marked if the buffer count is above the limit. Otherwise, the packet is enqueued and the buffer count incremented by the amount used by the newly-enqueued packet. The scheme operates independently of packet data rate and flow behavior, providing means for rapidly discriminating well-behaved flows from non-well-behaved flows in order to manage buffer allocation accordingly. Additionally, the present invention adapts to changing flow requirements by fairly sharing buffer resources among both well-behaved and non-well-behaved flows.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于数据通信设备的每流动态缓冲器管理方案。 使用每流动态缓冲区限制，每个数据包的头信息被映射到流表中的条目，并为每个输出队列提供单独的流表。 每个流表条目为每个流的队列中当前的数据包维护一个缓冲区计数。 在每个数据包进入行动中，为流量计算动态缓冲区限制，并与流已经使用的进行标记，丢弃或入队决策的缓冲区数进行比较。 如果缓冲区数超过限制，流中的数据包将被丢弃或标记。 否则，数据包入队，缓冲区计数增加新入队数据包使用的数量。 该方案独立于分组数据速率和流行为运行，提供用于快速区分来自不良行为流的良好行为流的手段，以便相应地管理缓冲器分配。 此外，本发明通过在良好行为和非良好行为流之间公平共享缓冲资源来适应不断变化的流量需求。
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公开(公告)号：US06389506B1
公开(公告)日：2002-05-14
申请号：US09130890
申请日：1998-08-07
申请人： Mark Ross , Andreas V. Bechtolsheim
发明人： Mark Ross , Andreas V. Bechtolsheim
IPC分类号： G06F1200
CPC分类号： G11C15/00
摘要： A method and system for flexible matching of data in a CAM that does not use the overhead of one mask bit for each matched value bit. The entries of the CAM are logically grouped in a set of blocks, each block having a single mask that applies to all entries in the block. Each block includes a predetermined number of CAM entries, such as a block of 16 entries. However, in alternative embodiments, the number of CAM entries for each block could be predetermined to be a different number, or could be dynamically selected with the values that are entered into the CAM.
摘要翻译： 一种用于CAM中的数据的灵活匹配的方法和系统，其不对每个匹配值比特使用一个掩码位的开销。 CAM的条目在逻辑上分组在一组块中，每个块具有适用于块中的所有条目的单个掩码。 每个块包括预定数量的CAM条目，诸如16个条目的块。 然而，在替代实施例中，每个块的CAM条目的数量可以被预先确定为不同的数量，或者可以使用输入到CAM中的值来动态地选择。
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公开(公告)号：US06377577B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-23
申请号：US09108071
申请日：1998-06-30
IPC分类号： G06F934
CPC分类号： H04L47/10 , H04L45/50 , H04L45/7453 , H04L47/20 , H04L47/2441 , H04L47/31 , H04L63/0263 , H04L63/101
摘要： The invention provides for hardware processing of ACLs and thus hardware enforcement of access control. A sequence of access control specifiers from an ACL are recorded in a CAM, and information from the packet header is used to attempt to match selected source and destination IP addresses or subnets, ports, and protocols, against all the ACL specifiers at once. Successful matches are input to a priority selector, which selects the match with the highest priority (that is, the match that is first in the sequence of access control specifiers). The specified result of the selected match is used to permit or deny access for the packet without need for software processing, preferably at a rate comparable to wirespeed. The CAM includes an ordered sequence of entries, each of which has an array of ternary elements for matching “0”, “1”, or any value, and each of which generates a match signal. The ACL entered for recording in the CAM can be optimized to reduce the number of separate entries in the CAM, such as by combining entries which are each special cases of a more general access control specifier. A router including the CAM can also include preprocessing circuits for certain range comparisons which have been found both to be particularly common and to be otherwise inefficiently represented by the ternary nature of the CAM, such as comparisons of the port number against known special cases such as “greater than 1023” or “within the range 6000 to 6500”.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了ACL的硬件处理，从而提供了访问控制的硬件实现。 来自ACL的访问控制说明符序列被记录在CAM中，并且来自分组报头的信息用于尝试将所选的源和目的地IP地址或子网，端口和协议与所有ACL说明符一致地匹配。 成功的匹配被输入到优先级选择器，该选择器选择具有最高优先级的匹配（即，访问控制说明符序列中的匹配）。 所选择的匹配的指定结果用于允许或拒绝对数据包的访问，而不需要软件处理，优选地以与线速度相当的速率。 CAM包括有序的条目序列，每个条目具有用于匹配“0”，“1”或任何值的三元元素的阵列，并且每个都产生匹配信号。 可以对在CAM中记录的ACL进行优化，以减少CAM中单独条目的数量，例如通过组合更通用的访问控制说明符的每个特殊情况的条目。 包括CAM的路由器还可以包括用于某些范围比较的预处理电路，这些电路已经被发现是特别常见的，并且由CAM的三元性质以其他方式低效地表示，例如端口号与已知的特殊情况的比较，例如 “大于1023”或“6000至6500”范围内。
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20.发明授权Method for traffic management, traffic prioritization, access control, and packet forwarding in a datagram computer network 有权数据报计算机网络中流量管理，流量优先级，访问控制和数据包转发的方法公开(公告)号：US08401027B2
公开(公告)日：2013-03-19
申请号：US12237546
申请日：2008-09-25
CPC分类号： H04L12/4645 , H04L12/4608
摘要： The invention provides an enhanced datagram packet switched computer network. The invention processes network datagram packets in network devices as separate flows, based on the source-destination address pair in the datagram packet. As a result, the network can control and manage each flow of datagrams in a segregated fashion. The processing steps that can be specified for each flow include traffic management, flow control, packet forwarding, access control, and other network management functions. The ability to control network traffic on a per flow basis allows for the efficient handling of a wide range and a large variety of network traffic, as is typical in large-scale computer networks, including video and multimedia traffic. The amount of buffer resources and bandwidth resources assigned to each flow can be individually controlled by network management. In the dynamic operation of the network, these resources can be varied—based on actual network traffic loading and congestion encountered. The invention also teaches an enhanced datagram packet switched computer network which can selectively control flows of datagram packets entering the network and traveling between network nodes. This new network access control method also interoperates with existing media access control protocols, such as used in the Ethernet or 802.3 local area network. An aspect of the invention is that it does not require any changes to existing network protocols or network applications.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种增强型数据包分组交换计算机网络。 本发明基于数据报包中的源 - 目的地址对，将网络设备中的网络数据报包处理为单独的流。 因此，网络可以以隔离的方式来控制和管理数据报的每个流。 可以为每个流量指定的处理步骤包括流量管理，流量控制，数据包转发，访问控制和其他网络管理功能。 在每个流量基础上控制网络流量的能力允许对大范围和各种各样的网络流量的有效处理，如在包括视频和多媒体流量在内的大型计算机网络中典型的。 分配给每个流的缓冲资源和带宽资源的数量可以由网络管理单独控制。 在网络的动态运行中，这些资源可以根据实际的网络流量负载和遇到的拥塞而变化。 本发明还教导了一种增强的数据包分组交换计算机网络，其可以选择性地控制进入网络并在网络节点之间传播的数据报分组的流。 这种新的网络访问控制方法还与现有的媒体访问控制协议（例如在以太网或802.3局域网中使用的协议）互操作。 本发明的一个方面是不需要对现有网络协议或网络应用进行任何改变。
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