Abstract:
A method of treating a subterranean formation penetrated by a wellbore includes preparing a treatment fluid with shear thinning, non-monotonic rheological properties, injecting the treatment fluid into the subterranean formation, and inducing shear rate softening phase transition in the treatment fluid. The non-monotonic rheology properties can be such that in the relationship between shear stress (σ) versus strain rate ({dot over (γ)}), where {dot over (γ)}1
Abstract:
A system and method is disclosed for determining information regarding the result of introducing a rotational force on an optical fiber during manufacturing. A rotational deformation of the molten fiber, called spin, is imparted that becomes permanent upon cooling of the fiber. The rotational force also introduces twist on the cooled fiber, which is a non-permanent, mechanical rotation of the fiber. The system and method uses a diameter measuring device that produces a signal corresponding to the fiber's diameter with respect to time. Since the fiber is slightly elliptical in practice, periodic variations in the diameter measurement signal are detected that reflect the rotation imparted into the fiber. The signal is further processed to provide data regarding the effect of the rotations introduced into the fiber, namely the twist and spin present in the fiber.
Abstract:
FIG. 1 is a top, front and left side perspective view of a toy showing my new design; FIG. 2 is a bottom, rear and left side perspective view thereof; FIG. 3 is a front elevational view thereof; FIG. 4 is a rear elevational view thereof; FIG. 5 is a left side view thereof; FIG. 6 is a right side view thereof; FIG. 7 is a top plan view thereof; and, FIG. 8 is a bottom plan view thereof. The broken lines in the drawings illustrate portions of the toy which form no part of the claimed design.
Abstract:
A sensor, sensor assembly and a method of sensing, in which the sensor is in contact with a material or structure and the sensor directly measures one or more property changes in the material by means of light reflection and scattering using a reflective target.
Abstract:
A hierarchical class architecture of objects is disclosed. The hierarchical class architecture includes an upper level class, a lower level class and an attribute. The attribute is assigned to the upper level class and describes the objects. The objects are members of at least one of the upper level class and the lower level class. The lower level class is configured to inherit the attribute.
Abstract:
An optical fiber sensor is provided for displacement measurement, pressure measurement, refractive index measurement, bio/chemical detection, and/or microscopy.
Abstract:
Defects in optical fibers are detected during manufacturing by using three bandpass filters to separate signals from a scattered light signal produced by a light source in a fiber measurement system. The separated signals include a clad diameter signal, a regular airline signal and a core airline signal. The regular airline signal is compared with the clad diameter signal to produce a normalized regular airline signal, and the core airline signal is compared with the clad diameter signal to produce a normalized core airline signal. The normalized regular airline signal and normalized core airline signal are monitored to determine if they increase, which indicates the presence of a defect in the optical fiber.