Abstract:
A driving method of a liquid crystal display element, the method includes preparing the liquid crystal display element which comprises (i) first and second substrates placed opposite each other, wherein on a pair of opposing surfaces of the first and second substrates, a pair of opposing electrodes constituting a display area are provided and a pair of vertically oriented films are provided at least one of which has been provided with an orientation treatment aimed at introducing a pretilt in a liquid crystal layer, (ii) the liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first and second substrates that contains liquid crystal material with negative dielectric anisotropy and is vertically oriented with slight tilting, (iii) a layer disposed at least between one of the pair of vertically oriented films and the liquid crystal layer, and designed to reinforce vertical orientation control over liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer, and (iv) first and second polarizing plates that are placed, in a crossed Nicol arrangement, on surfaces of the first and second substrates located on opposite sides to the liquid crystal layer and that have absorption axes each at a 45° angle to an orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules located in a mid-thickness region of the liquid crystal layer, wherein a pretilt angle in the liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal display element is 87° or more and 89.52° or less, and putting the display area on alternating bright/dark display at a frequency of 0.5 Hz to 5 Hz under a condition that the liquid crystal display element is subjected to 2 Hz to 30 Hz vibrations or 0.5 Hz to 3 Hz external forces.
Abstract:
To improve the display quality of a vertical alignment liquid crystal display apparatus. The apparatus comprises two substrates, a first electrode extending in a first direction, a second electrode extending in a second direction intersecting the first direction, a crystal layer provided between the substrates, a pixel is configured where the two electrodes intersect, an electrode edge of the second electrode is of a shape that includes line segments obliquely crossed relative to the second direction and bend back, the pixel edges of the pixel are demarcated, including the line segments that are obliquely crossed, and the liquid crystal layer is disposed so that the angle of the alignment direction of the crystal molecules at the center and the direction perpendicular to the second direction is greater than 0°, and the alignment direction of the crystal molecules and the direction of obliquely crossed line segments don't become perpendicular.
Abstract:
A liquid crystal display includes first and second substrates placed opposite each other, a common electrode on one side of the first substrate to substantially cover a whole surface, a segment electrode on one side of the second substrate, a routing wire on one side of the second substrate and connected to the segment electrode, a liquid-crystalline resin film without electrical conductivity on one side of the second substrate, and a liquid crystal film between the substrates, and being subject to twisted alignment between the substrates. The liquid-crystalline resin film has refractive index anisotropy being substantially equal to that of a liquid crystal material of the liquid crystal film, is subject to twisted alignment, and is disposed to fill a space between the routing wire and the common electrode. The liquid crystal film is disposed to fill a space between the segment electrode and the common electrode.
Abstract:
A lighting apparatus includes a light source; a condensing part that condenses light and forms a focal point at a predetermined position; a liquid crystal element arranged at a position including the focal point; a first polarizing element; a second polarizing element; and a projection lens that projects images generated by the liquid crystal element and the polarizing elements; where the liquid crystal element has a first surface which includes the focal point position and is perpendicular to the projection lens optical axis, and a second surface disposed around the first surface and is oblique to the projection lens optical axis; and where the second surface is arranged such that the light is incident on the liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal element from a best viewing azimuth of the liquid crystal element.
Abstract:
A liquid crystal element includes: a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer arranged therebetween; auxiliary electrodes arranged on the first substrate; an insulation layer arranged covering a plurality of first electrodes; a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged between the insulation layer and the liquid crystal layer; and a counter electrode arranged on the second substrate; where the pixel electrodes are arranged with a gap provided therebetween in one direction, where the auxiliary electrodes are arranged to respectively overlap with the gap between the adjacent pixel electrodes, and is connected to the adjacent pixel electrodes through a contact hole provided in the insulation layer, and where the insulation layer has an opening part in a portion corresponding to the gap between the adjacent pixel electrodes.
Abstract:
To improve the brightness of irradiated light in the lighting apparatus using a liquid crystal element. A lighting apparatus includes: a light source; a condensing unit that condenses light emitted from the light source so that it forms a focal point at a predetermined position; a liquid crystal element arranged corresponding to the position of the focal point; a first polarizing element disposed on a light incident surface of the liquid crystal element; a second polarizing element disposed on a light emitting surface of the liquid crystal element; and a projection lens that magnifies and projects images generated by the liquid crystal element and the first and second polarizing element; where the liquid crystal element is arranged at a tilt such that the light incident surface and the light emitting surface form a predetermined angle that is non-orthogonal and non-parallel to the optical axis of the projection lens.
Abstract:
To further reduce time necessary to eliminate the problem caused by static electricity. The liquid crystal display apparatus includes a plurality of unit display regions and the plurality of unit display regions are arranged along a first direction spaced from one another. At least one of a plurality of first electrodes has a plurality of electrode parts corresponding to each of the plurality of unit display regions and are mutually separated and arranged apart from one another in the first direction, a plurality of first lead wirings where each first lead wiring extends in the direction different from the first direction and extends outside an inner area, and a first crossover wiring disposed outside the inner area and mutually connects the plurality of first lead wirings.
Abstract:
To provide a technique that prevents electrode disconnection in a liquid crystal display apparatus comprising a plurality of openings in an electrode. The apparatus comprises a first substrate, a second substrate, a first electrode, a second electrode, and a liquid crystal layer. The first electrode comprises first openings and the second electrode comprises second openings. Each first opening is disposed forming columns so that the respective longitudinal directions align with a first direction, and comprises two short-side edges that obliquely cross the first direction at an angle other than orthogonal. Each opening is disposed forming columns so that the respective longitudinal directions align with the first direction, and comprises two short-side edges that obliquely cross the first direction at an angle other than orthogonal. The first openings and second openings are alternately disposed column by column along a second direction that crosses the first direction.
Abstract:
A liquid crystal display apparatus with electrodes comprising openings that is less susceptible to disturbance of the contour shape of the display part. The apparatus includes two substrates, a first electrode, a second electrode. A display part is demarcated in a region where the two electrodes overlap, and an offset region is set from the display part edge to the inside. The electrodes comprise first openings disposed in a non offset region, and second openings disposed in the offset region. First openings comprises a shape wherein a branch part disposed so that the longitudinal direction thereof extends along a first direction and a branch part disposed so that the longitudinal direction thereof extends along a second direction are connected. Second openings comprises openings disposed so that the longitudinal direction thereof extends along the first direction, and openings disposed so that the longitudinal direction thereof extends along the second direction.
Abstract:
A liquid crystal display having a liquid crystal layer, a first substrate and a second substrate disposed facing each other and which sandwich the liquid crystal layer. First electrodes and second electrodes are both provided to one surface side of the first substrate. First lead wirings are provided to one surface side of the first substrate each connected to one of the first electrodes. Second lead wirings are provided to one surface side of the first substrate each connected to one of the second electrodes. A jumper wiring is provided to one surface side of the second substrate and superimposed with each portion of two or more second lead wirings of the plurality of second lead wirings and a conductive material interposed between each portion of the two or more second lead wirings and the jumper wiring, between the first substrate and the second substrate.