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11.发明授权Packet forwarding system for measuring the age of data packets flowing through a computer network 失效分组转发系统，用于测量流经计算机网络的数据包的年龄
公开(公告)号：US5590366A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-31
申请号：US421141
申请日：1995-04-13
CPC分类号： H04L47/10 , Y10S370/902
摘要： A packet forwarding node for a computer network comprises at least one receiving module and at least one output module including packet list (21) for maintaining a list of packets to be transmitted therefrom. The time for which a packet remains in the node is determined by grouping the packets into groups or "buckets" which are created at regular intervals, each bucket containing packets arriving within the same time interval, and keeping track of the age of each bucket. A bucket counter (33) counts the total number of buckets in existence, so indicating the age of the oldest packet. This counter is incremented by 1 at regular intervals and decremented by 1 each time the oldest bucket is emptied (or found to be empty). A bucket list shift register (30) has its contents shifted at each change of time interval, and its the bottom stage accumulates the number of packets arriving in a time interval, and an overflow accumulator (31) accumulates counts shifted out of its top end. The bucket list shift register may comprise a plurality of sections each of which is shifted at an exact submultiple of the rate of shifting of the previous section, the bottom stage of each section accumulating counts shifted out of the previous section. In an alternative embodiment, bucket boundary markers are inserted into the packet list at each change of time interval.
摘要翻译： 用于计算机网络的分组转发节点包括至少一个接收模块和至少一个输出模块，所述至少一个输出模块包括用于维护要从其发送的分组的列表的分组列表（21）。 分组保留在节点中的时间通过将分组分组为以规则间隔创建的分组或“分组”来确定，每个分组包含在相同时间间隔内到达的分组，并且跟踪每个分组的年龄。 桶计数器（33）对存在的桶的总数进行计数，从而指示最旧包的年龄。 该计数器以规则的间隔递增1，每当最旧的桶被清空（或发现为空）时减1。 桶列表移位寄存器（30）的每个时间间隔的变化都有其内容，并且其底部段累积以时间间隔到达的分组的数量，并且溢出累加器（31）累积从其顶端移出的计数 。 铲斗列表移位寄存器可以包括多个部分，每个部分以前一部分的移位速率的精确多项移位，每个部分的底部累积计数从前一部分移出。 在替代实施例中，每个时间间隔的每次更改都将桶边界标记插入到分组列表中。
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12.发明授权Message processing system having separate message receiving and transmitting processors with message processing being distributed between the separate processors 失效消息处理系统具有分离的消息接收和发送处理器，其中消息处理被分配在各个处理器之间
公开(公告)号：US5195181A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-16
申请号：US820299
申请日：1992-01-10
IPC分类号： G06F13/00
CPC分类号： G06F13/00
摘要： A scheme for efficient implementation of workload partitioning between separate receive and transmit processors is provided so that a message can be effectively moved through a multiprocessor router. Generally, each receiving processor collects, into a digest, information relating to network protocol processing of a particular message, obtained via sequential byte processing of the message at the time of reception of the message. The information placed into the digest is information that is necessary for the completion of the processing tasks to be performed by the processor of the transmitting line card. The digest is passed to the transmit processor through a buffer exchange between the receive and transmit processors. The transmit processor reads the digest before processing of the related message for transmission and uses the information in the network protocol processing of the message. Thus, the transmit processor does not have to "look ahead" to bytes of the message needed to complete certain processing functions already completed by the receive processor and does require extra buffering and/or memory bandwidth to make the modifications to the message.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于在单独的接收和发送处理器之间有效实施工作负载划分的方案，使得可以通过多处理器路由器有效地移动消息。 通常，每个接收处理器在摘要中收集与在消息接收时通过消息的连续字节处理获得的特定消息的网络协议处理有关的信息。 放入摘要的信息是完成由传输线卡的处理器执行的处理任务所必需的信息。 摘要通过接收和发送处理器之间的缓冲区交换传递给发送处理器。 发送处理器在处理相关消息以进行传输之前读取摘要，并使用消息的网络协议处理中的信息。 因此，发送处理器不必向前瞻地看到完成由接收处理器已经完成的某些处理功能所需的消息的字节，并且需要额外的缓冲和/或存储器带宽来对消息进行修改。
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公开(公告)号：US5167033A
公开(公告)日：1992-11-24
申请号：US545392
申请日：1990-06-27
IPC分类号： G06F15/16 , G06F15/177 , H04L12/56
CPC分类号： H04L47/263 , H04L47/10 , H04L47/12 , H04L47/30
摘要： A known congestion avoidance system for computer networks detects congestion at a node output port if the average queue length (integral) over the last congestion cycle plus the current (incomplete) cycle exceeds a fixed constant (taken as 1). (A congestion cycle is a period for which the queue length is 1 or more plus the following period for which the queue length is 0.) The time of arrival or departure of a message is stored at 21, the interval from the previous event is calculated at 22 and 23, the length of the current cycle is incremented at 25 by adding in the interval just determined, and the queue length at 26 is incremented or decremented by 1. The running integral for the current cycle is updated by having added into it the product formed at 27 of the interval since the last event (stored at 23) and the current queue length. The integrals for the current and previous cycles (stored at 24 and 30) are added and the lengths of those two cycles (stored at 29 and 31) are added, and the first sum divided at 34 by the second to obtain a grand average queue length. If that exceeds a preset value, then a congestion bit is set in messages leaving that node output port.In the present system, the running queue length average (in 29') is maintained by adding (at 28') the queue length (in 26') into the average at regular intervals determined by timer ticks (from 60) (thus using integer addition instead of integer multiplication), and the grand average compared with the preset value by comparing (at 61) the total of the queue length averages with the total of the cycle periods (thus using integer addition and comparison instead of floating point operation).
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14.发明授权Scheme for interlocking line card to an address recognition engine to support plurality of routing and bridging protocols by using network information look-up database 失效将互联线卡与地址识别引擎相结合的方案，通过使用网络信息查找数据库来支持多个路由和桥接协议
公开(公告)号：US5524254A
公开(公告)日：1996-06-04
申请号：US269997
申请日：1994-07-01
申请人： Fearghal Morgan , Joseph O'Callaghan , Michael J. Seaman , John Rigby , Andrew Walton , Una M. Quinlan , Stewart F. Bryant
发明人： Fearghal Morgan , Joseph O'Callaghan , Michael J. Seaman , John Rigby , Andrew Walton , Una M. Quinlan , Stewart F. Bryant
CPC分类号： H04L29/12801 , H04L12/46 , H04L29/12009 , H04L29/12839 , H04L45/742 , H04L61/6004 , H04L61/6022 , H04L69/18 , H04L69/22
摘要： The present invention provides an interlock scheme for use between a line card and an address recognition apparatus. The interlock scheme reduces the total number of read/write operations over a backplane bus coupling the line card to the address recognition apparatus required to complete a request/response transfer. Thus, the line card and address recognition apparatus are able to perform a large amount of request/response transfers with a high level of system efficiency. Generally, the interlocking scheme according to the present invention merges each ownership information storage location into the location of the request/response memory utilized to store the corresponding request/response pair to reduce data transfer traffic over the backplane bus. According to another feature of the interlock scheme of the present invention, each of the line card and the address recognition engine includes a table for storing information relating to a plurality of database specifiers. Each of the database specifiers contains control information for the traversal of a lookup database used by the address recognition apparatus. At the time the processor of a line card generates a request for the address recognition apparatus, it will analyze the protocol type information contained in the header of a data packet. The processor will utilize the protocol type information as a look-up index to its table of database specifiers for selection of one of the database specifiers. The processor will then insert an identification of the selected database specifier into the request with the network address extracted from the data packet.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于线卡和地址识别装置之间的互锁方案。 互锁方案减少了通过将线卡耦合到完成请求/响应传输所需的地址识别装置的背板总线上的读/写操作的总数。 因此，线卡和地址识别装置能够以高水平的系统效率执行大量的请求/响应传送。 通常，根据本发明的联锁方案将每个所有权信息存储位置合并到用于存储相应的请求/响应对的请求/响应存储器的位置，以减少背板总线上的数据传输流量。 根据本发明的联锁方案的另一特征，线卡和地址识别引擎中的每一个都包括用于存储与多个数据库说明符有关的信息的表。 每个数据库说明符包含用于遍历由地址识别装置使用的查找数据库的控制信息。 当线卡的处理器产生对地址识别装置的请求时，它将分析包含在数据分组头部中的协议类型信息。 处理器将利用协议类型信息作为其数据库说明符表的查找索引，以选择其中一个数据库说明符。 然后处理器将所选择的数据库说明符的标识插入到从数据包中提取的网络地址的请求中。
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15.发明授权Address recognition engine with look-up database for storing network information 失效地址识别引擎，具有用于存储网络信息的查找数据库
公开(公告)号：US5519858A
公开(公告)日：1996-05-21
申请号：US819490
申请日：1992-01-10
申请人： Andrew Walton , Una M. Quinlan , Stewart F. Bryant , Michael J. Seaman , John Rigby , Fearghal Morgan , Joseph O'Callaghan
发明人： Andrew Walton , Una M. Quinlan , Stewart F. Bryant , Michael J. Seaman , John Rigby , Fearghal Morgan , Joseph O'Callaghan
CPC分类号： H04L29/06
摘要： The present invention is directed to an address recognition apparatus including an address recognition engine coupled to a look-up database. The look-up database is arranged to store network information relating to network addresses. The look-up database includes a primary database and a secondary database. The address recognition engine accepts as an input a network address for which network information is required. The address recognition engine uses the network address as an index to the primary database. The primary database comprises a multiway tree node structure (TRIE) arranged for traversal of the nodes as a function of preselected segments of the network address and in a fixed sequence of the segments to locate a pointer to an entry in the secondary database. The entry in the secondary database pointed to by the primary database pointer contains the network information corresponding to the network address. The address recognition engine includes a table for storing a plurality of database specifiers. Each of the database specifiers contains control information for the traversal of the primary and secondary databases. In addition, each of the nodes in the primary database and each of the entries in the secondary database is provided with control data structures that are programmable to control the traversal of the database.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及包括耦合到查找数据库的地址识别引擎的地址识别装置。 查找数据库被设置为存储与网络地址有关的网络信息。 查找数据库包括主数据库和辅助数据库。 地址识别引擎接受需要网络信息的网络地址作为输入。 地址识别引擎使用网络地址作为主数据库的索引。 主数据库包括多路树节点结构（TRIE），其被布置为根据网络地址的预选段的顺序遍历节点，并且在段的固定序列中定位到辅助数据库中的条目的指针。 主数据库指针指向的辅助数据库中的条目包含与网络地址对应的网络信息。 地址识别引擎包括用于存储多个数据库说明符的表。 每个数据库说明符都包含用于遍历主数据库和辅助数据库的控制信息。 此外，主数据库中的每个节点和辅助数据库中的每个条目都具有可编程以控制数据库遍历的控制数据结构。
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16.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5404474A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-04
申请号：US819393
申请日：1992-01-10
CPC分类号： G06F12/0223
摘要： A method and apparatus for aliasing an address for a location in a memory system. The aliasing permits an address generating unit to access a memory block of variable size based upon an address space of fixed size so that the size of the memory block can be changed without changing the address generating software of the address generating unit. The invention provides an address aliasing device arranged to receive an address from the address generating unit. The address aliasing device includes a register that stores memory block size information. The memory block size information is read by the address aliasing device and decoded to provide bit information representative of the size of the memory block. The address aliasing device logically combines the bit information with appropriate corresponding bits of the input address to provide an alias address that is consistent with the size of the memory block.
摘要翻译： 一种用于对存储器系统中的位置进行混叠的地址的方法和装置。 混叠允许地址生成单元基于固定大小的地址空间访问可变大小的存储块，使得可以改变存储块的大小而不改变地址生成单元的地址生成软件。 本发明提供了一种地址混叠装置，其被布置成从地址生成单元接收地址。 地址混叠装置包括存储存储器块大小信息的寄存器。 存储器块大小信息由地址混叠器件读取并被解码以提供表示存储块大小的位信息。 地址混叠设备逻辑地将位信息与输入地址的适当对应位组合，以提供与存储块大小一致的别名地址。
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公开(公告)号：US5301186A
公开(公告)日：1994-04-05
申请号：US722684
申请日：1991-06-28
CPC分类号： H04L29/06 , H04L69/324
摘要： A high performance data link interface includes receive and transmit data framing paths. The data link interface interlocks certain communication link control signals, such as the CCITT standard data set signals, with data being received or transmitted through the interface to correlate a transmission error directly to a particular data transmission for rapid and efficient error recovery.
摘要翻译： 高性能数据链路接口包括接收和发送数据帧路径。 数据链路接口将某些通信链路控制信号（例如CCITT标准数据集信号）与通过接口接收或传输的数据互锁，以将传输错误直接与特定数据传输相关联，以实现快速高效的错误恢复。
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公开(公告)号：US07701845B2
公开(公告)日：2010-04-20
申请号：US11526933
申请日：2006-09-25
摘要： An apparatus is described for forwarding data in a data communications network having as components nodes and links therebetween in which nodes obtain a reachability metric between a neighbor node and one or more other nodes in the network and in which a repair path is created between an instigating repair node and a receiving repair node around a failure component therebetween. A propagatable repair address for the receiving repair node is reachable by the repair path notvia the failure component. The apparatus is arranged to treat propagatability of the repair address differently via the failure component than via other components.
摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于在数据通信网络中转发数据的装置，该数据通信网络具有作为组件之间的节点和链路的组件，其中节点获得相邻节点与网络中的一个或多个其他节点之间的可达性度量，并且其中在启动之间创建修复路径 修复节点和接收修复节点之间的故障组件。 接收修复节点的可扩展修复地址可通过修复路径而不是故障组件来实现。 该装置被设置为通过故障部件不同于经由其他部件来处理修复地址的可扩散性。
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公开(公告)号：US20080074997A1
公开(公告)日：2008-03-27
申请号：US11526933
申请日：2006-09-25
IPC分类号： H04J3/14
摘要： An apparatus is described for forwarding data in a data communications network having as components nodes and links therebetween in which nodes obtain a reachability metric between a neighbor node and one or more other nodes in the network and in which a repair path is created between an instigating repair node and a receiving repair node around a failure component therebetween. A propagatable repair address for the receiving repair node is reachable by the repair path notvia the failure component. The apparatus is arranged to treat propagatability of the repair address differently via the failure component than via other components.
摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于在数据通信网络中转发数据的装置，该数据通信网络具有作为组件之间的节点和链路的组件，其中节点获得相邻节点与网络中的一个或多个其他节点之间的可达性度量，并且其中在启动之间创建修复路径 修复节点和接收修复节点之间的故障组件。 接收修复节点的可扩展修复地址可通过修复路径而不是故障组件来实现。 该装置被设置为通过故障部件不同于经由其他部件来处理修复地址的可扩散性。
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公开(公告)号：US5519693A
公开(公告)日：1996-05-21
申请号：US167378
申请日：1993-12-15
CPC分类号： H04L29/06 , H04L69/324
摘要： A high performance data link interface includes receive and transmit data framing paths. The data link interface interlocks certain communication link control signals, such as the CCITT standard data set signals, with data being received or transmitted through the interface to correlate a transmission error directly to a particular data transmission for rapid and efficient error recovery.
摘要翻译： 高性能数据链路接口包括接收和发送数据帧路径。 数据链路接口将某些通信链路控制信号（例如CCITT标准数据集信号）与通过接口接收或传输的数据互锁，以将传输错误直接与特定数据传输相关联，以实现快速高效的错误恢复。
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