公开(公告)号：US06545783B1

公开(公告)日：2003-04-08

申请号：US09273920

申请日：1999-03-22

Applicant: Kuang-Yi Wu ,  Jian-Yu Liu

Inventor： Kuang-Yi Wu ,  Jian-Yu Liu

IPC: H04J1402

CPC classification number: H04Q11/0005 ,  G02B6/29361 ,  G02B6/29383 ,  G02F1/31 ,  H04J14/0206 ,  H04J14/0208 ,  H04J14/0209 ,  H04J14/0212 ,  H04J14/0213 ,  H04J14/0221 ,  H04Q11/0003 ,  H04Q2011/0009 ,  H04Q2011/0016 ,  H04Q2011/0024 ,  H04Q2011/0026 ,  H04Q2011/0032 ,  H04Q2011/0035

Abstract: An optical wavelength add/drop multiplexer provides communications between two optical links supporting wavelength division multiplexing (WDM). A wavelength slicer spatially separates the input signal into two sets of channels. An optical filter, such as an interference filter, spatially separates the a subset of the input channels into an array of separated channels. A programmable optical add/drop switch array selectively routes channels from an array of input ports to an array of drop ports, substitutes channels from an array of add ports in place of the dropped channels, and routes the remaining input channels and added channels to an array of output ports. The channels from the output ports of the said add/drop switch array are then combined and transmitted into the second optical link. A network of wavelength slicers can be used to spatially separate the input signal into a larger number of sets of channels that can either be accessed by a number of add/drop switch arrays, or passed unchanged as “express lanes” to the second optical link. In an alternative embodiment, a circulated drop filter consisting of an optical circulator and a series of fiber Bragg gratings is used to select a predetermined series of input channels to be processed by the add/drop switch array, with the remaining channels being passed by the circulated drop filter as express lanes.

Abstract translation: 光波分复用器提供支持波分复用（WDM）的两个光链路之间的通信。 波长限幅器将输入信号空间分离成两组通道。 诸如干涉滤波器的光学滤波器将输入通道的子集在空间上分离成分离的通道的阵列。 可编程光分插开关阵列选择性地将输入端口阵列的信道路由到分支端口阵列，替代来自添加端口阵列的信道来代替丢弃的信道，并将剩余的输入信道和添加的信道路由到 输出端口阵列。 然后将来自所述分插开关阵列的输出端口的信道组合并发送到第二光链路。 可以使用波长限幅器的网络将输入信号空间分离成更多数量的信道组，其可以被多个添加/分接开关阵列访问，或者作为“快速通道”不变地传送到第二光链路 。 在替代实施例中，使用由光循环器和一系列光纤布拉格光栅组成的循环下降滤波器来选择要由加/减开关阵列处理的预定系列输入通道，其余通道由 循环滴液过滤器作为快车道。

公开(公告)号：US06519022B1

公开(公告)日：2003-02-11

申请号：US09621634

申请日：2000-07-21

Applicant: Ming Xu ,  Chongchang Mao ,  Kuang-Yi Wu ,  Jian-Yu Liu

Inventor： Ming Xu ,  Chongchang Mao ,  Kuang-Yi Wu ,  Jian-Yu Liu

IPC: G02F113

CPC classification number: H04Q11/0005 ,  G02B6/272 ,  G02B6/2766 ,  G02F1/13471 ,  G02F1/31 ,  H04J14/0212 ,  H04Q2011/0024 ,  H04Q2011/0026 ,  H04Q2011/0035 ,  H04Q2011/0039 ,  H04Q2011/0052

Abstract: An optical routing switch uses two liquid crystal cells that can produce offsetting rotations of the polarization of the input beam to provide fast, symmetrical switching. The input beam is first polarized and then passes through both liquid crystal cells in series. Both liquid crystal cells have two states (e.g., voltage-off and voltage-on) in which the beam polarization is rotated by predetermined angles (e.g., 0° and 90°), but in opposing rotational directions. A controller selectively rotates the LC cells through a sequence of steps, beginning with a “through” state in which both LC cells are in the first state. The polarization rotations provided by both liquid crystal cells offset one another so the beam polarization remains essentially unchanged. The LC cells can be rapidly switched to a “cross” state in which only one of the LC cells is changed to the second state and the polarization of the beam is rotated by a predetermined degree. The LC cells can then be rapidly switched back to the through state by changing both LC cells to their second state. Once again, the LC cells offset one another so that the beam polarization remains essentially unchanged. While remaining in the through state, both LC cells are allowed to return to the first state to complete the cycle. Both LC cells relax at the same rate and their offsetting polarization rotations cause the beam polarization to remain unchanged throughout the entire relaxation process. A polarization-dependent routing element (e.g., a polarized beamsplitter or birefringent element) routes the beam exiting the LC cells along either of two alternative optical paths based on the beam's polarization.

Abstract translation: 光路由开关使用两个液晶单元，其可以产生输入光束的偏振的偏移旋转，以提供快速，对称的切换。 输入光束首先被偏振，然后串联通过两个液晶单元。 两个液晶单元都具有其中光束偏振以预定角度（例如，0°和90°）旋转但在相反的旋转方向上的两种状态（例如，电压关闭和电压开启）。 控制器通过一系列步骤选择性地旋转LC单元，从两个LC单元处于第一状态的“通”状态开始。 由两个液晶单元提供的偏振旋转彼此偏移，使得光束偏振基本保持不变。 LC单元可以快速切换到“交叉”状态，其中仅一个LC单元被改变到第二状态，并且波束的偏振旋转预定的程度。 然后可以通过将两个LC单元改变到它们的第二个状态来将LC单元迅速地切换回到通过状态。 再次，LC单元彼此偏移，使得光束偏振基本保持不变。 当保持在通过状态时，允许两个LC单元返回到第一状态以完成循环。 两个LC单元以相同的速率松弛，并且它们的偏移偏振旋转导致光束偏振在整个弛豫过程中保持不变。 基于偏振相关的路由元件（例如，偏振分束器或双折射元件）基于光束的偏振来沿着两个备选光路中的任一个路由离开LC单元的光束。

公开(公告)号：US06512615B2

公开(公告)日：2003-01-28

申请号：US09741270

申请日：2000-12-18

Applicant: Kuang-Yi Wu ,  Jian-Yu Liu

Inventor： Kuang-Yi Wu ,  Jian-Yu Liu

IPC: H04J1402

CPC classification number: G02B6/272 ,  G02B6/29302 ,  G02B6/29358 ,  G02B6/2938 ,  G02B6/29386 ,  G02B6/29394 ,  G02F1/31 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H04J14/06 ,  H04Q11/0003 ,  H04Q11/0005 ,  H04Q2011/0009 ,  H04Q2011/0016 ,  H04Q2011/0024 ,  H04Q2011/0026 ,  H04Q2011/0032 ,  H04Q2011/0035

Abstract: A wavelength division multiplexing/demultiplexing device is presented utilizing a polarization-based filter to obtain a flat-top filter response which can be utilized to create a flat-top slicer which separates out odd and even wavelengths, or upper and lower channels of an input signal. The polarization-based filter provides superior peak flatness and isolation for narrow channel spacings over what can be obtained in traditional interferometric devices. The flat-top slicer can be used as the first stage of a cascade of WDM devices in which following stages can be based on polarization-based filters or traditional interferometric WDM devices, which are adequate due to the increased channel spacing obtained in the first stage of the cascade.

公开(公告)号：US06510004B1

公开(公告)日：2003-01-21

申请号：US09020706

申请日：1998-02-09

Applicant: Kuang-Yi Wu ,  Jian-Yu Liu

Inventor： Kuang-Yi Wu ,  Jian-Yu Liu

IPC: G02B2728

CPC classification number: G02B27/288

Abstract: A temperature insensitive polarization filter is made by inter-digitally stacking two different types of birefringent elements having positive and negative thermal coefficients. This results in a net cancellation of the positive and negative thermal coefficients of the birefringent elements within the filter. The optical retardance of each type of birefringent element changes by an almost equal amount as the operating temperature changes, with one type of element shifting toward a larger optical retardance and the other type of element shifting toward a smaller optical retardance. However, the total retardance remains essentially constant. This assures that the filter can operate over a wide temperature range without shifting its spectral response.

Abstract translation: 温度不敏感的偏振滤光器是通过数位式堆叠具有正和负热系数的两种不同类型的双折射元件制成的。 这导致滤波器内的双折射元件的正和负热系数的净消除。 每种类型的双折射元件的光学延迟性随着工作温度的变化而变化几乎相等的量，其中一种类型的元件向更大的光学延迟转移，另一种类型的元件向更小的光学延迟转移。 然而，总延迟基本保持恒定。 这确保了滤波器可以在宽的温度范围内工作，而不会改变其光谱响应。

公开(公告)号：US06429962B1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-06

申请号：US09730650

申请日：2000-12-05

Applicant: Ming Xu ,  Tizhi Huang ,  Chongchang Mao ,  Jian-Yu Liu ,  Kuang-Yi Wu ,  Charles Wong

Inventor： Ming Xu ,  Tizhi Huang ,  Chongchang Mao ,  Jian-Yu Liu ,  Kuang-Yi Wu ,  Charles Wong

IPC: H04B1012

CPC classification number: H04B10/2941 ,  G02F1/0136 ,  G02F1/13471 ,  G02F2203/05 ,  G02F2203/48 ,  H01S3/06754 ,  H01S3/10023 ,  H01S2301/04

Abstract: An optical equalizer for use primarily with an erbium-doped fiber amplifier has an initial polarizer that convert the input beam to a predetermined polarization, followed by a series of dynamically-adjustable sinusoidal filters that provide attenuation as a sinusoidal function of beam wavelength. Each of the sinusoidal filters has a first liquid crystal cell adjustably rotating the polarization of the beam from the preceding polarizer. This is followed by a second optical element that retards the beam as a sinusoidal function of beam wavelength. For example, the second optical element can be a birefringent crystal that provided a fixed degree of retardance to the beam and a second liquid crystal cell that provides a variable degree of retardance, thereby allowing adjustment of the center frequency of the sinusoidal function. Finally, a third liquid crystal cell adjustably rotates the polarization of the beam. A final polarizer provides amplitude control of the beam based on the polarization rotations introduced by the first and third liquid crystal cells. A controller provides control signals to the liquid crystal cells of each sinusoidal filter so that their combined sinusoidal attenuation functions produce a desired equalization curve.

Abstract translation: 主要用于掺铒光纤放大器的光学均衡器具有将输入光束转换为预定偏振的初始偏振器，随后是一系列动态可调的正弦滤波器，其提供作为波束波长的正弦函数的衰减。 每个正弦滤波器具有第一液晶单元，其可调节地使来自前一偏振器的光束的偏振旋转。 其后是第二光学元件，其将光束延迟为波束波长的正弦函数。 例如，第二光学元件可以是对光束提供固定的延迟度的双折射晶体和提供可变延迟的第二液晶单元，从而允许调整正弦函数的中心频率。 最后，第三液晶单元可调整地使光束的偏振旋转。 最终的偏振器基于由第一和第三液晶单元引入的偏振旋转来提供光束的幅度控制。 控制器向每个正弦滤波器的液晶单元提供控制信号，使得其组合的正弦衰减函数产生期望的均衡曲线。

公开(公告)号：US06396609B1

公开(公告)日：2002-05-28

申请号：US09469336

申请日：1999-12-20

Applicant: Chi-Hao Cheng ,  Jian-Yu Liu ,  Kuang-Yi Wu ,  Charles Wong

Inventor： Chi-Hao Cheng ,  Jian-Yu Liu ,  Kuang-Yi Wu ,  Charles Wong

IPC: H04B1000

CPC classification number: G02B6/272 ,  G02B6/2773 ,  G02B6/29302 ,  G02B6/29394 ,  H04B10/25133 ,  H04J14/02

Abstract: A stacked waveplate device that performs an optical wavelength filtering function is described which provides dispersion with a first magnitude and a first sign for a first optical path having a first output polarization and which provides a second dispersion with a substantially equal but oppositely-signed dispersion for a second optical path defining an output having an orthogonal polarization to the polarization of said first output path. Optical paths are configured to pass through first and second stacked waveplate devices sequentially with the optical dispersion of said second device having an approximately equal magnitude but opposite sign compared to the optical dispersion of the first optical stacked waveplate devices so as to provide canceling or compensation of optical dispersion. A device is configured to use cancellation or compensation of dispersion in sequential stacked waveplate devices to provide outputs with characteristics similar to outputs of previous stacked waveplate devices but with substantially reduced dispersion characteristics.

Abstract translation: 描述了执行光学波长滤波功能的层叠波片装置，其为具有第一输出偏振的第一光路提供具有第一幅度和第一符号的色散，并且提供具有基本相等但相反符号色散的第二色散， 限定具有与所述第一输出路径的偏振正交偏振的输出的第二光路。 光路被配置成与第一光学叠层波片装置的光学色散相比，顺序地穿过第一和第二层叠波片装置，其中所述第二装置的光学色散与第一光学堆叠波片装置的光学色散相比具有大致相等的数量但相反的符号，以便提供 光学色散。 一种器件被配置为使用顺序层叠波片器件中的色散的消除或补偿来提供具有与先前堆叠波片器件的输出相似的特性的输出，但具有显着降低的色散特性。

公开(公告)号：US06208444B1

公开(公告)日：2001-03-27

申请号：US09391733

申请日：1999-09-08

Applicant: Seng-Ieong Wong ,  Jian-Yu Liu ,  Kuang-Yi Wu

Inventor： Seng-Ieong Wong ,  Jian-Yu Liu ,  Kuang-Yi Wu

IPC: H04J1402

CPC classification number: G02B6/272 ,  G02B6/29302 ,  G02B6/29358 ,  G02B6/2938 ,  G02B6/29394 ,  G02B6/29397 ,  G02F1/31 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H04J14/06 ,  H04Q11/0003 ,  H04Q11/0005 ,  H04Q2011/0009 ,  H04Q2011/0016 ,  H04Q2011/0024 ,  H04Q2011/0026 ,  H04Q2011/0032 ,  H04Q2011/0035

Abstract: A wavelength division demultiplexing device is presented utilizing a polarization-based filter or a multi-cavity etalon (e.g., a multi-cavity Fabry-Perot etalon) to obtain a flat-top filter response which can be utilized to create a flat-top slicer which separates out odd and even wavelengths, or upper and lower channels of an input WDM signal. The flat-top slicer can be used as the first stage of a cascaded network of wavelength demultiplexers in which following stages can be based on polarization-based filters, multi-cavity etalons, or other interferometric WDM devices, which are adequate due to the increased channel spacing obtained in the first stage of the network.

Abstract translation: 使用基于偏振的滤波器或多空腔标准具（例如，多腔法布里 - 珀罗标准具）来获得波分解复用器件以获得平顶滤波器响应，其可用于创建平顶切片机 其分离奇数和偶数波长，或输入WDM信号的上，下通道。 平顶切片机可以用作波长解复用器的级联网络的第一级，其中以下阶段可以基于基于偏振的滤波器，多腔标准器或其他干涉WDM器件，其由于增加而足够 在网络的第一阶段获得的信道间隔。

公开(公告)号：US6163393A

公开(公告)日：2000-12-19

申请号：US274270

申请日：1999-03-22

Applicant: Kuang-Yi Wu ,  Jian-Yu Liu

Inventor： Kuang-Yi Wu ,  Jian-Yu Liu

IPC: G02B6/34 ,  G02F1/31 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H04Q11/00 ,  H04J14/06

CPC classification number: G02B6/272 ,  G02B6/29302 ,  G02B6/29358 ,  G02B6/2938 ,  G02B6/29386 ,  G02B6/29394 ,  G02F1/31 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H04J14/06 ,  H04Q11/0003 ,  H04Q11/0005 ,  H04Q2011/0009 ,  H04Q2011/0016 ,  H04Q2011/0024 ,  H04Q2011/0026 ,  H04Q2011/0032 ,  H04Q2011/0035

Abstract: A wavelength division multiplexing/demultiplexing device is presented utilizing a polarization-based filter to obtain a flat-top filter response which can be utilized to create a flat-top slicer which separates out odd and even wavelengths, or upper and lower channels of an input signal. The polarization-based filter provides superior peak flatness and isolation for narrow channel spacings over what can be obtained in traditional interferometric devices. The flat-top slicer can be used as the first stage of a cascade of WDM devices in which following stages can be based on polarization-based filters or traditional interferometric WDM devices, which are adequate due to the increased channel spacing obtained in the first stage of the cascade.

Abstract translation: 使用基于偏振的滤波器来提供波分复用/解复用装置，以获得平顶滤波器响应，该平顶滤波器响应可用于创建平顶分选器，其分离出奇数和偶数波长或输入的上，下通道 信号。 基于偏振的滤波器提供了优异的峰值平坦度和隔离度，用于窄通道间隔超过传统干涉仪器可以获得的。 平顶切片机可以用作级联的WDM装置的第一级，其中以下阶段可以基于基于偏振的滤波器或传统的干涉WDM装置，其由于在第一级中获得的增加的信道间隔而足够 的级联。

公开(公告)号：US6141076A

公开(公告)日：2000-10-31

申请号：US980447

申请日：1997-11-28

Applicant: Jian-Yu Liu ,  Kuang-Yi Wu ,  Seng-Ieong Wong

Inventor： Jian-Yu Liu ,  Kuang-Yi Wu ,  Seng-Ieong Wong

IPC: G02F1/137 ,  C09K19/02 ,  G02F1/141 ,  G02F1/31

CPC classification number: C09K19/0225 ,  G02F1/141 ,  G02F1/31

Abstract: A hybrid analog/binary electro-optic modulator using a twisted ferroelectric liquid crystal structure is provided. Ferroelectric liquid crystals with a tilt angle of between about 20.degree. and about 25.degree., preferably about 22.5.degree. are used. Rubbing directions for the two cell walls (relative to one another) can be varied from about 45.degree. to about 90.degree.. In one embodiment, a weak buffing force is used resulting in a relatively weak anchoring energy at the surface, aligning the liquid crystal molecules without locking the molecules into the buffing directions and a high pre-tilt structure for the molecules close to the surface boundaries. In one embodiment, strong buffing is used with buffing directions offset about 45.degree.. Use of this invention provides relatively fast response time, low required driving voltage, high contrast, and/or the ability to achieve both analog and binary operations.

Abstract translation: 提供了使用扭转铁电液晶结构的混合模拟/二进制电光调制器。 使用倾斜角为约20°至约25°，优选约22.5°的铁电液晶。 两个细胞壁（相对于彼此）的摩擦方向可以在约45°至约90°之间变化。 在一个实施例中，使用弱抛光力导致在表面处相对较弱的锚定能量，使液晶分子对准，而不将分子锁定到抛光方向，并且靠近表面边界的分子具有高预倾斜结构。 在一个实施例中，使用强抛光，抛光方向偏移约45°。 本发明的使用提供了相对快速的响应时间，低要求的驱动电压，高对比度和/或实现模拟和二进制操作的能力。

公开(公告)号：US6134358A

公开(公告)日：2000-10-17

申请号：US141396

申请日：1998-08-27

Applicant: Kuang-Yi Wu ,  Jian-Yu Liu

Inventor： Kuang-Yi Wu ,  Jian-Yu Liu

IPC: G02B6/34 ,  G02B6/35 ,  G02F1/31 ,  H04Q11/00 ,  G02B6/26

CPC classification number: H04Q11/0005 ,  G02B6/272 ,  G02B6/2766 ,  G02B6/29395 ,  G02F1/31 ,  G02B6/3594 ,  H04Q2011/0026 ,  H04Q2011/0035 ,  H04Q2011/0058 ,  H04Q2011/006

Abstract: Switch arrays are provided with controllable polarization modifiers and polarization-dependent diverters, such as one or more polarization beam splitters, for configuring switch arrays which can reduce or eliminate the need for optical fibers in the switch arrays. In one embodiment, input positions configured in a first preferably planar (e.g., horizontal) configuration are routed to one or more of a corresponding plurality of output positions which are configured in a different arrangement such as in an orthogonal (e.g., vertical) planar arrangement. Preferably some or all of the polarization-related optical components, including components such as birefringent devices, liquid crystal polarization rotator arrays and/or polarization beam splitters are integrated so that one such device can be used in connection with a plurality of input and/or output beams.

Abstract translation: 开关阵列设置有可控的偏振调节器和偏振相关的分流器，例如一个或多个偏振分束器，用于配置开关阵列，其可以减少或消除对开关阵列中的光纤的需要。 在一个实施例中，以第一优选平面（例如，水平）配置配置的输入位置被路由到以不同布置配置的相应多个输出位置中的一个或多个，例如在正交（例如，垂直）平面布置 。 优选地，包括诸如双折射器件，液晶偏振旋转器阵列和/或偏振分束器的组件的偏振相关光学部件中的一些或全部是集成的，使得一个这样的器件可以结合多个输入和/或 输出光束。