摘要:
A refractive index grating according to this invention is a tilted grating in a single mode optical waveguide, with a photosensitivity profile that includes at least one “tuning region” in the waveguide core. Appropriate choice of the photosensitivity profile of the waveguide can result in a “supernull” in the LP01,f to LP01,b coupling. That is to say, the angular range of the tilt angle &thgr; over which the core mode coupling is essentially zero (i.e., 20 dB) and bandwidth (>20 nm). A method of trimming a grating is also disclosed.
摘要:
A method of monitoring a WDM optical signal is provided. The method includes: receiving a WDM optical signal having a plurality of channels; detecting the optical signal after filtering the WDM optical signal with a tunable filter; and reconfiguring at least the center wavelength and bandwidth of the tunable filter optical transfer function to determine a signal performance parameter of the WDM optical signal.
摘要:
An optical switch includes at least one input port for receiving a plurality of channel wavelengths of an optical signal and a plurality of output ports. A plurality of wavelength selective elements are also provided, which each select a channel wavelength from among the plurality of channel wavelengths received at the input port. A plurality of optical elements are respectively associated with the plurality of wavelength selective elements. Each of the optical elements direct one of the selected channel wavelengths, which are selected by the associated wavelength selective element, to any one of the output ports independently of all other channel wavelengths and with a selectively variable degree of attenuation. The switch also includes a controller for adjusting a configuration of the optical elements to provide the channel wavelengths with the selectively variable degree of attenuation.
摘要:
A method and apparatus are provided for attenuating an optical beam. The method includes selecting a level of attenuation to be applied to the optical beam. A pattern of on-state and off-state pixels in a two dimensional spatial light modulator (SLM) is selected such that the pattern will modulate the optical beam to provide the selected level of attenuation. Finally, the optical beam is directed onto the SLM while tile pixels are arranged in the selected pattern. The pattern is periodic along a first axis and symmetric along a second axis along which an intensity distribution of die optical beam extends.
摘要:
In a WDM optical communication system that includes a plurality of nodes interconnected by communication links, a node is provided that includes a reconfigurable optical switch having a plurality of input ports and at least one output port. The node also includes a plurality of transmitters that are each coupled to one of the input ports of the optical switch. Each of the transmitters generate an information-bearing optical signal at a different channel wavelength from one another. The reconfigurable optical switch is adaptable to receive at any of the input ports any of the channel wavelengths at which the plurality of transmitters operate and direct the channel wavelengths to the output port. At least one backup transmitter is coupled to one of the input ports of the optical switch. The backup transmitter includes a tunable laser tunable to any of the channel wavelengths at which the plurality of transmitters operate. The reconfigurable optical switch includes at least one wavelength selective element that selects at least one channel wavelength from among any of the channel wavelengths received at any of the input ports. The switch also includes a plurality of optical elements associated with the wavelength selective elements, Each of the optical elements direct one of the selected channel wavelengths selected by the associated wavelength selective element to the output port independently from every other channel wavelength. The selected channel wavelengths directed to the output port are combined on the output port.
摘要:
An all-optical, optical cross-connect includes first and second pluralities of multiport optical devices. Each of the first plurality of multiport optical devices have at least one input port for receiving a WDM optical signal and a plurality of output ports for selectively receiving one of more wavelength components of the optical signal. Each of the second plurality of multiport optical devices have a plurality of input ports for selectively receiving one of more wavelength components of the optical signal and at least one output port for selectively receiving one of more wavelength components of the optical signal. At least one of the first or second plurality of multiport optical devices are all-optical switches that can route every wavelength component independently of every other wavelength component. The plurality of input ports of the second plurality of multiport optical devices are optically coupled to respective ones of the plurality of output ports of the first plurality of multiport optical devices.
摘要:
An optical wavelength routing device utilizes a free space optical beam propagating therethrough is provided. The device includes at least one optical fiber input, at least one optical fiber output, an optical element having an actuator with at least one tilt axis and a diffraction element having a surface thereon. The device also includes an optical beam-splitting element having spatially varying optical properties. An optical beam transfer arrangement is positioned between the optical element and the diffraction element such that tilt actuation of the optical element elicits a proportional change in an angle of incidence of the optical beam onto the diffraction element, wherein the center of rotation for the angular change is the surface of the diffraction element. Optical routing between the fiber input and the fiber output can be configured by the positioning of the optical element.
摘要:
L-band EDFA (Er-doped fiber amplifier) characteristics are improved by provision of filter means in the C-band, the filter means having a figure of merit greater than 400dB.multidot.nm. The filter means can be discrete and/or distributed filter means. In preferred embodiments, two or more full C-band blazed fiber Bragg, gratings are used.
摘要:
A dispersion compensating chirped optical fiber Bragg grating according to our invention is formed in polarization maintaining (PM) fiber having birefringence of at least 10.sup.-6, preferably 10.sup.-5 or more. Use of the PM fiber makes possible substantial cancellation of the polarization mode dispersion that typically is unavoidably present in chirped Bragg gratings for dispersion compensation.
摘要:
In accordance with the invention, a temperature-dependent rare earth doped waveguide optical amplifier is compensated by a temperature-dependent loss filter. The filter characteristics are designed to be temperature-dependent filters so that the gain characteristic of the amplifier is compensated over a practical operating temperature range. In essence, the amplifier comprises a length of optical waveguide for transmitting optical signals, a rare earth doped amplifying region in the waveguide for amplifying the transmitted optical signals, a pumping source for optically pumping the amplifying region, and a temperature-dependent loss filter. A typical design compensates an EFDA to a variation of less than 1 dB over a temperature range of -40.degree. C. to 85.degree. C. and a spectral range of at least 20 nm.