公开(公告)号：US06252190B1

公开(公告)日：2001-06-26

申请号：US09477368

申请日：2000-01-04

申请人： Lutz Niemeyer

发明人： Lutz Niemeyer

IPC分类号： H01H3300

CPC分类号： H01H39/00 ,  H01H33/90

摘要： A simple high-speed circuit breaker which is cheap to produce is specified for alternating currents which have to be switched off, which switches such currents off within one half-cycle at the current zero crossing, by means of a gas-generating explosive charge (4). In this case, a switching piston (2) which makes a sliding contact with a consumable contact pin (K1) of a first electrode (E1) when the high-speed circuit breaker is closed, moves in the direction of a hollow electrode (E2). The switching piston (2) has a contact tube (2′) with an exhaust opening (3) which is closed by the hollow electrode (E2) when the high-speed circuit breaker is closed, and is open to an exhaust chamber (8) when the high-speed circuit breaker is open (left-hand half of the figure). The contact tube (2′) moves in a sliding manner in a cutout in the hollow electrode (E2). A plurality of explosive charges (4) may be accommodated in the first electrode (E1). In addition, rated current contacts which are provided between the first electrode (E1) and the switching piston (2) carry a continuous current when switched on. The high-speed circuit breaker is particularly suitable as a circuit breaker in addition to a power breaker, in which case the high-speed circuit breaker is tripped if the power breaker fails.

摘要翻译： 对于必须关闭的交流电流规定了便宜的简单的高速断路器，其在当前过零点的一个半周期内通过产生气体的爆炸电荷（例如， 4）。 在这种情况下，当高速断路器闭合时，与第一电极（E1）的可消耗接触销（K1）滑动接触的开关活塞（2）在中空电极（E2 ）。 开关活塞（2）具有接触管（2'），当高速断路器闭合时，具有排气口（3）的中空电极（E2）封闭，并且对排气室（8）开放 ）当高速断路器打开时（左图的一半）。 接触管（2'）在中空电极（E2）的切口中以滑动方式移动。 多个炸药（4）可以容纳在第一电极（E1）中。 此外，设置在第一电极（E1）和开关活塞（2）之间的额定电流触点在接通时携带连续电流。 除断电器之外，高速断路器特别适用于断路器，在这种情况下，如果电源断路器故障，高速断路器跳闸。

公开(公告)号：US5770828A

公开(公告)日：1998-06-23

申请号：US649178

申请日：1996-05-17

申请人： Lutz Niemeyer

发明人： Lutz Niemeyer

IPC分类号： H01H1/38 ,  H01H33/98 ,  H01H33/985 ,  H01H33/12

CPC分类号： H01H33/98 ,  H01H1/385

摘要： The circuit-breaker has a quenching chamber which is filled with an insulating medium, is of cylindrical design and has a quenching zone extending along a longitudinal axis. In addition, it has a fixed contact arrangement, which is arranged in the course of a main current path, and a moving contact arrangement. Furthermore, a blowing volume is provided which stores the increased pressure of the insulating medium which occurs during a disconnection process. At least one contact link, which has two contact points, electrically conductively connects the fixed contact arrangement and the moving contact arrangement to one another in the connected position. The contact link is also mounted to a holder such that it can rotate. The side of the contact link which interacts with the fixed contact arrangement is acted on by a force directed outward in the radial direction with respect to the longitudinal axis.

摘要翻译： 断路器具有填充有绝缘介质的淬火室，其具有圆柱形设计并且具有沿着纵向轴线延伸的淬火区域。 此外，它具有固定的接触布置，其布置在主电流路径的过程中，并且具有可移动的接触装置。 此外，提供吹风量，其存储在断开过程期间发生的绝缘介质的增加的压力。 具有两个接触点的至少一个接触连接件将连接位置的固定接触装置和可动接触装置彼此导电连接。 接触连接件也安装到支架上，使其可以旋转。 与固定接触装置相互作用的接触连接的侧面通过相对于纵向轴线在径向方向上向外指向的作用。

公开(公告)号：US4689453A

公开(公告)日：1987-08-25

申请号：US832468

申请日：1986-02-20

申请人： Imre Horvath ,  Lutz Niemeyer ,  Wolfgang Widl

发明人： Imre Horvath ,  Lutz Niemeyer ,  Wolfgang Widl

IPC分类号： H01H33/98 ,  H01H33/985 ,  H01H33/82

CPC分类号： H01H33/98

摘要： A switch, preferably for switching medium voltages, includes a structure which creates a gas-blast to quench an arc drawn between two separating contact pieces of the switch. The gas-blast is created solely by the quenching gas which is heated by the arc, without auxiliary pressure creating mechanisms. The gas blast is sufficiently powerful to cut off high and low currents without use of pressure-controlling valves. The result is realized via a flow-off pipe located between a space where the arc develops and a gas exhaust space. One end of the flow-off pipe opens into the exhaust space. The size of the flow-off pipe is determined in part by the speed of propagation of a pressure wave which is formed in the arc space during the heating phase of the arc and the length thereof is deliberately selected such that the pressure gradient between the heated quenching gas and the arc space is maximized.

摘要翻译： 优选地用于切换介质电压的开关包括产生气体喷射以猝灭在开关的两个分离接触片之间拉伸的电弧的结构。 气体喷射仅由通过电弧加热的淬火气体产生，而没有辅助压力产生机构。 气体爆炸是足够强大的，以切断高低电流而不使用压力控制阀。 其结果是通过位于电弧产生的空间与排气空间之间的流出管实现。 流出管的一端通向排气空间。 流出管的尺寸部分地由在电弧的加热阶段期间在电弧空间中形成的压力波的传播速度确定，并且其长度被故意选择为使得加热的 淬火气体和电弧空间最大化。

公开(公告)号：US4486632A

公开(公告)日：1984-12-04

申请号：US387465

申请日：1982-06-11

申请人： Lutz Niemeyer ,  Blaise Perrenoud ,  Klaus Ragaller ,  Ekkehard Schade ,  Rolf Schaumann

发明人： Lutz Niemeyer ,  Blaise Perrenoud ,  Klaus Ragaller ,  Ekkehard Schade ,  Rolf Schaumann

IPC分类号： H01H33/18 ,  H01H33/90 ,  H01H33/915 ,  H01H33/88

CPC分类号： H01H33/903 ,  H01H2033/902 ,  H01H33/18

摘要： In a high-voltage power switch having a movable contact and at least one other contact, wherein the contacts define a quenching path in which an arc burns, a piston/cylinder compression device in which fresh quenching gas is condensed, and a heating volume in which quenching gas is stored and compressed by the arc as a result of heating, quenching gas compressed during a switching process is blown into the quenching path and removed through a nozzle into an expansion space. So that the blowing of the arc is nearly independent of the intensity of the current to be interrupted and, in addition, an increase in the quenching capacity can be attained by means of a supply of fresh quenching gas, the movable contact is rigidly connected to the piston, which changes the volume of a compression space. The compression space and the heating volume open into a common annular duct. This annular duct is a part of a mixing device for hot and cold quenching gas and connects the compression space and the heating volume to the quenching path.

摘要翻译： 在具有可动触点和至少一个其它触点的高压电源开关中，其中所述触点限定了电弧燃烧的淬火路径，其中新鲜的淬火气体被冷凝的活塞/气缸压缩装置以及加热体积 该淬火气体由于加热而被电弧储存和压缩，在切换过程中被压缩的骤冷气体被吹入淬火路径中，并通过喷嘴除去到膨胀空间。 因此，电弧的吹制几乎与待中断的电流的强度无关，另外，通过提供新鲜的淬火气体可以实现淬火能力的提高，可动触头刚性地连接到 活塞，其改变压缩空间的体积。 压缩空间和加热容积开放到共同的环形管道中。 该环形管道是用于冷热淬火气体的混合装置的一部分，并将压缩空间和加热体积连接到淬火路径。

公开(公告)号：US4319527A

公开(公告)日：1982-03-16

申请号：US111176

申请日：1980-01-10

申请人： Lutz Niemeyer ,  Klaus Ragaller

发明人： Lutz Niemeyer ,  Klaus Ragaller

IPC分类号： C06B23/02 ,  H01H39/00 ,  F42B3/00

CPC分类号： C06B23/02 ,  H01H39/00

摘要： An improved blasting charge for a blast-actuated high voltage power switch is provided which contains at least one electrically combustible detonator and one blasting powder, the blasting powder containing a compound which forms electro-negative gases upon thermal decomposition. Halogen compounds are preferred compounds for use in the blasting powder.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于鼓风式高压电源开关的改进的爆破装料，其包含至少一个电可燃雷管和一个喷砂粉末，该喷射粉末含有在热分解时形成电 - 负气体的化合物。 卤化物是用于喷砂粉末的优选化合物。

公开(公告)号：US5844189A

公开(公告)日：1998-12-01

申请号：US621641

申请日：1996-03-26

申请人： Lutz Niemeyer

发明人： Lutz Niemeyer

IPC分类号： H01H33/18 ,  H01H33/70 ,  H01H33/72 ,  H01H33/74 ,  H01H33/98 ,  H01H9/44 ,  H01H33/82

CPC分类号： H01H33/7015 ,  H01H33/18 ,  H01H33/72 ,  H01H33/982

摘要： A circuit breaker includes a cylindrical arcing chamber filled with an insulating medium. The arcing chamber has a power current path and an insulating housing. The insulating housing has a longitudinal axis and the power current path extends along the longitudinal axis of the insulating housing. The power current path includes a fixed contact arrangement and a contact arrangement. The fixed contact arrangement is attached to an electrically insulating guide part. The contact arrangement has a moving contact cage. The fixed contact arrangement and the contact arrangement have a first and second fixed erosion-resistant covering, respectively. The insulating housing has a blast volume for accumulating an increased pressure of the insulating medium which occurs when the moving contact cage breaks contact with the fixed contact arrangement. When the circuit breaker is in an on position, the contact cage contacts the fixed contact arrangement above the guide part and surrounds the guide part. The insulating housing has a shoulder which projects into a region between the first erosion-resistant covering and the second erosion-resistant covering. The first and second erosion-resistant coverings are arranged concentrically around the guide part and the moving contact cage. When the circuit breaker switches from the on position to an off position, the moving contact cage moves out of contact with the fixed contact arrangement and into contact with the guide part.

摘要翻译： 断路器包括填充有绝缘介质的圆柱形电弧室。 电弧室具有电力通路和绝缘壳体。 绝缘壳体具有纵向轴线，并且功率电流路径沿着绝缘壳体的纵向轴线延伸。 电源电流路径包括固定接触装置和接触装置。 固定接触装置附接到电绝缘引导部分。 接触装置具有活动触点保持架。 固定接触装置和接触装置分别具有第一和第二固定防侵蚀覆盖物。 绝缘壳体具有用于在活动触点保持架与固定触点装置断开接触时积聚增加的绝缘介质压力的鼓风体积。 当断路器处于接通位置时，接触保持架接触引导部分上方的固定触头装置并围绕引导部分。 绝缘壳体具有突出到第一抗侵蚀覆盖层和第二耐腐蚀覆盖层之间的区域的肩部。 第一和第二防侵蚀覆盖物围绕引导部分和活动触点保持架同心地布置。 当断路器从接通位置切换到关闭位置时，移动触点保持架与固定触头装置脱离接触并与引导部分接触。

公开(公告)号：US5136236A

公开(公告)日：1992-08-04

申请号：US584715

申请日：1990-09-19

申请人： Klaus Bohnert ,  Hubert Brandle ,  Lutz Niemeyer ,  Roland Stierlin

发明人： Klaus Bohnert ,  Hubert Brandle ,  Lutz Niemeyer ,  Roland Stierlin

IPC分类号： G01R15/24 ,  G01R19/00

CPC分类号： G01R15/24 ,  H01H33/027

摘要： In a gas-insulated switchgear having an isolated-phase bus, a current-carrying bus (2) with a given external radius R.sub.1 is arranged coaxially in a cylindrical enclosure with a given external radius R.sub.2, the voltage of the current carrying bus is measured using optical fiber voltage transducers. For this purpose, at least three identical piezoelectric sensor elements are provided. They are arranged essentially at a distance corresponding to the internal radius R.sub.2 from an axis of the current carrying bus in the enclosure at identical angular distances. The sensor elements are preferably accommodated together with an optical fiber curent transducer in a metal ring that can be inserted into the enclosure.

摘要翻译： 在具有隔离相母线的气体绝缘开关设备中，具有给定外径半径R1的载流母线（2）同轴地布置在具有给定外径半径R2的圆柱形外壳中，测量载流母线的电压 使用光纤电压传感器。 为此，提供至少三个相同的压电传感器元件。 它们以相同的角距离基本上布置在与外壳中的载流母线的轴线对应的内部半径R2的距离处。 传感器元件优选地与可插入外壳的金属环中的光纤固化传感器一起容纳在一起。

公开(公告)号：US4843199A

公开(公告)日：1989-06-27

申请号：US129728

申请日：1987-12-07

申请人： Lutz Niemeyer

发明人： Lutz Niemeyer

IPC分类号： H01H33/70 ,  H01H33/91 ,  H01H33/98 ,  H01H33/985

CPC分类号： H01H33/7038 ,  H01H33/98 ,  H01H33/7007 ,  H01H33/7076

摘要： A gas-blast circuit breaker has two switching elements disposed in a casing filled with arc-extinguishing gas and capable of being brought into or out of engagement with each other along one axis. One of these two switching elements defines an arc-extinguishing jet nozzle and can be guided during switching-off through a heating chamber. The heating chamber stores which is formed by heating up arc-extinguishing gas pressurized gas by means of a switching arc. When low currents are switched, a comparatively high pressure is built up in the heating chamber. On the other hand, a relatively low pressure develops during switching of large currents. This results from the inclusion in the second switching element of an insulation capping which extends around the outer surface and reaches to the front end face thereof, an arcing contact on its outer surface which receives the switching arc during the heating up phase of the switching process and also an arc-extinguishing contact which is separated from the arcing contact by the capping. The root point of the switching arc is commuted, shortly before the current to be switched off passes through zero, to the arc-extinguishing contact.

摘要翻译： 燃气断路器具有两个开关元件，其设置在填充有灭弧气体的壳体中，并且能够沿着一个轴线彼此接合或脱离接合。 这两个开关元件中的一个限定了灭弧喷嘴，并且可以在通过加热室关闭期间被引导。 加热室通过切换电弧加热灭弧气体加压气体而形成。 当切换低电流时，在加热室内建立较高的压力。 另一方面，在大电流切换期间产生较低的压力。 这是由于在第二开关元件中包括围绕外表面延伸并到达其前端面的绝缘盖，在其外表面上具有在切换过程的加热阶段期间接收开关电弧的电弧触点 以及灭弧触头，其通过封盖与电弧触点分离。 切换电弧的根点在切断电流通过零之前不久就减少到灭弧触点。

公开(公告)号：US4684773A

公开(公告)日：1987-08-04

申请号：US769706

申请日：1985-08-27

申请人： Lutz Niemeyer

发明人： Lutz Niemeyer

IPC分类号： H01H33/76 ,  H01H33/98 ,  H01H33/985 ,  H01H33/70

CPC分类号： H01H33/76 ,  H01H33/98

摘要： A gas-blast switch preferably suitable for the switching of medium voltage has two switch pieces interacting in an insulating gas filled housing. A fixed switch piece is provided with a hollow space which is connected via channels to a pressure reservoir coaxially encircling the switch pieces. The pressure reservoir during switching-off, can be connected to an arc chamber terminated at least partially on its outer side by an insulating body.In this switch, a build up of pressure which is adequate to quench the arc is to be achieved at low currents by simple means and an excessive build up of pressure at high currents is to be avoided.This is achieved when the insulating body is made as an insulating nozzle and has a gas inlet, which can be connected to the pressure reservoir, and a gas outlet which is located between a narrow point of the insulating nozzle and the free end of the fixed switch piece. This gas outlet is connected via further channels to an expansion space and, during switching-off, is cleared by the movable switch piece before the gas inlet.

摘要翻译： 优选地适于中压切换的气体吹扫开关具有在绝缘气体填充的壳体中相互作用的两个开关件。 固定开关件设置有中空空间，其经由通道连接到同轴地围绕开关件的压力储存器。 关闭期间的压力贮存器可以连接到通过绝缘体至少部分地在其外侧终止的电弧室。 在这种开关中，要通过简单的手段在低电流下实现足以消除电弧的压力的积累，并且避免在高电流下过度的压力增加。 这是当绝缘体制成绝缘喷嘴并且具有能够连接到压力储存器的气体入口和位于绝缘喷嘴的窄点与固定的绝缘喷嘴的自由端之间的气体出口时实现的 开关片。 该气体出口经由另外的通道连接到膨胀空间，并且在关闭期间，在气体入口之前由可移动开关件清除。

公开(公告)号：US4431878A

公开(公告)日：1984-02-14

申请号：US386582

申请日：1982-06-09

申请人： Lutz Niemeyer ,  Klaus Ragaller

发明人： Lutz Niemeyer ,  Klaus Ragaller

IPC分类号： H01H33/91 ,  H01H33/70 ,  H01H33/915 ,  H01H33/88

CPC分类号： H01H33/7069

摘要： A compression piston switch is provided with two switching parts which are mutually axially displaceable. The switch also has a device which is connected to a first one of the two switching parts for guiding a quenching gas flow. The quenching gas, which is used for quenching a switching arc, flows through first and second constrictions in the device from a compression into an expansion space. The first constriction of the device is provided by an annular part of a conductive material.In this switch, the dielectric strengthening of the quenching zone is increased by preventing, to a large extent, the pushing together of the electric field between the device and the first switching part. Such a switch is particularly distinguished by reliable switching of high voltages in the case of a short circuit.

摘要翻译： 压缩活塞开关设置有两个相互轴向移动的开关部件。 开关还具有连接到两个开关部分中的第一个以引导淬火气体流的装置。 用于熄灭切换电弧的淬火气体从装置中的第一和第二收缩部分压缩成膨胀空间。 装置的第一收缩由导电材料的环形部分提供。 在该开关中，通过在很大程度上防止将装置与第一开关部之间的电场压在一起，从而提高了淬火区域的电介质强化。 在短路的情况下，这种开关特别区别于高电压的可靠切换。