公开(公告)号：US4689453A

公开(公告)日：1987-08-25

申请号：US832468

申请日：1986-02-20

申请人： Imre Horvath ,  Lutz Niemeyer ,  Wolfgang Widl

发明人： Imre Horvath ,  Lutz Niemeyer ,  Wolfgang Widl

IPC分类号： H01H33/98 ,  H01H33/985 ,  H01H33/82

CPC分类号： H01H33/98

摘要： A switch, preferably for switching medium voltages, includes a structure which creates a gas-blast to quench an arc drawn between two separating contact pieces of the switch. The gas-blast is created solely by the quenching gas which is heated by the arc, without auxiliary pressure creating mechanisms. The gas blast is sufficiently powerful to cut off high and low currents without use of pressure-controlling valves. The result is realized via a flow-off pipe located between a space where the arc develops and a gas exhaust space. One end of the flow-off pipe opens into the exhaust space. The size of the flow-off pipe is determined in part by the speed of propagation of a pressure wave which is formed in the arc space during the heating phase of the arc and the length thereof is deliberately selected such that the pressure gradient between the heated quenching gas and the arc space is maximized.

摘要翻译： 优选地用于切换介质电压的开关包括产生气体喷射以猝灭在开关的两个分离接触片之间拉伸的电弧的结构。 气体喷射仅由通过电弧加热的淬火气体产生，而没有辅助压力产生机构。 气体爆炸是足够强大的，以切断高低电流而不使用压力控制阀。 其结果是通过位于电弧产生的空间与排气空间之间的流出管实现。 流出管的一端通向排气空间。 流出管的尺寸部分地由在电弧的加热阶段期间在电弧空间中形成的压力波的传播速度确定，并且其长度被故意选择为使得加热的 淬火气体和电弧空间最大化。

公开(公告)号：US20100219161A1

公开(公告)日：2010-09-02

申请号：US12761178

申请日：2010-04-15

申请人： Martin SEEGER ,  Lutz Niemeyer ,  Arthouros Iordanidis ,  Christian Franck

发明人： Martin SEEGER ,  Lutz Niemeyer ,  Arthouros Iordanidis ,  Christian Franck

IPC分类号： H01H33/04

CPC分类号： H01H33/98 ,  H01H33/74 ,  H01H2033/908

摘要： A high-voltage circuit breaker includes two arcing contacts, which are capable of moving relative to one another along an axis, an insulating nozzle, a heating volume for accommodating quenching gas, a heating channel, and an overpressure valve. The pressure of the quenching gas is based on the energy of a switching arc, which is formed when the breaker opens and generates arcing gas, and the heating channel opens out, with axial alignment, into the heating volume. The heating channel connects an arc zone, and the overpressure valve limits the pressure of the quenching gas by opening a relief duct, which opens out into an expansion space. In high-current switching, the pressure of the arcing gases in the arc zone is limited, and the quality of the quenching gas stored in the heating volume is improved, due to the relief duct having an outflow section extending in the radial direction.

摘要翻译： 高压断路器包括两个能够相对于轴线移动的电弧触头，绝缘喷嘴，用于容纳淬火气体的加热容积，加热通道和超压阀。 淬火气体的压力基于当断路器打开并形成电弧气体时形成的开关电弧的能量，并且加热通道以轴向对准的方式打开到加热体积中。 加热通道连接电弧区域，超压阀通过打开通向膨胀空间的释放管道来限制淬火气体的压力。 在大电流切换中，电弧区域中的电弧气体的压力受到限制，并且由于排气管具有沿径向延伸的流出部分，存储在加热容积中的淬火气体的质量得到改善。

公开(公告)号：US06633004B1

公开(公告)日：2003-10-14

申请号：US09958547

申请日：2001-11-30

申请人： Christoph Heitz ,  Lutz Niemeyer ,  Marco Piemontesi

发明人： Christoph Heitz ,  Lutz Niemeyer ,  Marco Piemontesi

IPC分类号： H01B1700

CPC分类号： H01B17/14 ,  H02G5/066

摘要： The electrical insulator has an insulator body 3 which is fitted between an electrical conductor 1 and a grounded holder 2. The surface of the insulator is at least partially formed by a protective body 6. The material of the protective body has a low dielectric constant in comparison to that of the material of the insulator body 3. The protective body 6 prevents an electrically conductive particle 12 from coming to rest directly on the surface of the insulator body 3, in particular in the region of the triple points T, or causing a considerable increase in the field due to immediate proximity to the insulator body 3. The breakdown voltage of a gas-insulated system which contains such insulators provided with a protective body is increased. Gas-insulated systems can thus be made more compactly and more cheaply, and their life can be extended.

摘要翻译： 电绝缘体具有安装在电导体 1 和接地保持器之间的绝缘体 3 PDAT> 2 。 绝缘体的表面至少部分地由保护体 6 形成。 与绝缘体<3> 的材料相比，保护体的材料具有低的介电常数。 保护体 6 防止导电颗粒 12 直接放置在绝缘体的表面上 3 ，特别是在三重点T的区域，或者由于紧邻绝缘体 3而导致现场的相当大的增加。 增加了包含这种具有保护体的绝缘体的气体绝缘系统的击穿电压。 因此，气体绝缘系统可以制造得更紧凑和更便宜，并且可以延长其使用寿命

公开(公告)号：US06720858B2

公开(公告)日：2004-04-13

申请号：US10156838

申请日：2002-05-30

申请人： Uwe Kaltenborn ,  Lutz Niemeyer

发明人： Uwe Kaltenborn ,  Lutz Niemeyer

IPC分类号： H01H8542

CPC分类号： H01H85/42 ,  C08L2201/12 ,  H01H85/042 ,  H01H85/055 ,  H01H85/38 ,  H01H2085/0004 ,  H01H2085/388

摘要： In a fuse chamber (8) there is arranged as a quenching gas source a burn-off element (11), which concentrically surrounds an arc chamber (10) and is separated from it by a fuse element (9), which consists of metal foil, preferably silver foil, and the outer side of which is adjoined by the burn-off element (11). The latter consists of an igniting material (12), arranged in the form of a ring running around centrally, and a gas-evolving material (13). Both materials consist, for example, of guanidine or guanidine derivatives as the combustible material and an oxidant, the proportion of which in the igniting material (12) is hyperstoichiometric. The arc chamber (10) is bounded at opposite ends by nozzles (7a,b), which connect it to exhaust volumes (4a,b). When there is an overcurrent, the fuse element (9) heats up to the igniting temperature of the igniting material (12) and is torn open centrally. The arc forming is axially blown by the quenching gas, which forms during the burning-off of the burn-off element (11), and quenched. The fuse element (9) may centrally have a triggering zone, where it is more easily interruptible, in particular meltable. The quenching gas source may also comprise compressed-gas tanks or cold-gas generators.

摘要翻译： 在保险丝室（8）中，将淬火元件（11）设置为淬火元件（11），所述燃烧元件同心地围绕电弧室（10）并与熔断元件（9）分离，所述保险丝元件由金属 箔，优选银箔，其外侧由燃烧元件（11）邻接。 后者由点火材料（12）构成，该点火材料（12）以环绕中心的方式布置成环形气体和气体放出材料（13）。 这两种材料都包括例如胍或胍衍生物作为可燃材料和氧化剂，其在点燃材料（12）中的比例是高度化学计量的。 电弧室（10）在相对端通过喷嘴（7a，b）限定，其连接到排气容积（4a，b）。 当存在过电流时，保险丝元件（9）加热到点火材料（12）的点火温度，并且在中心处被撕开。 通过淬火气体在烧掉燃烧元件（11）的过程中形成的圆弧形成轴向吹塑并骤冷。 保险丝元件（9）可以集中地具有触发区域，其中它更易于中断，特别是可熔化的。 淬火气体源还可以包括压缩气体罐或冷气发生器。

公开(公告)号：US06654220B2

公开(公告)日：2003-11-25

申请号：US09964400

申请日：2001-09-28

申请人： Michael Stanimirov ,  Bernhard Deck ,  Walter Rueegg ,  Klaus-Dieter Weltmann ,  Lutz Niemeyer ,  Ralf-Dieter Pietsch

发明人： Michael Stanimirov ,  Bernhard Deck ,  Walter Rueegg ,  Klaus-Dieter Weltmann ,  Lutz Niemeyer ,  Ralf-Dieter Pietsch

IPC分类号： H02H318

CPC分类号： H02H3/40

摘要： Current and voltage values (uk, ik) are measured for protection of an electrical power line (1). An adaptive estimator is used to analyze all the values within a measurement window, and to convert them to impedance values (Z). The line (1) is switched off if the impedance values (Z) assume unacceptable values. In order to shorten the reaction time, a warning signal (W) is produced if powerful radio-frequency signals are detected on the line (1). When the warning signal (W) occurs, the respective measurement window is located such that its start matches the time of the warning signal (W), and/or the respective measurement window is shortened.

公开(公告)号：US06437273B1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-20

申请号：US09729190

申请日：2000-12-05

申请人： Joachim Stechbarth ,  Kurt Kaltenegger ,  Werner Hofbauer ,  Lutz Niemeyer ,  Max Claessens ,  Klaus-Dieter Weltmann ,  Christian Lindner

发明人： Joachim Stechbarth ,  Kurt Kaltenegger ,  Werner Hofbauer ,  Lutz Niemeyer ,  Max Claessens ,  Klaus-Dieter Weltmann ,  Christian Lindner

IPC分类号： H01H940

摘要： This hybrid circuit breaker has at least two series-connected arcing chambers which are operated by a common drive or by separate drives and are filled with different arc extinguishing media. The arc extinguishing and insulating medium in the first arcing chamber surrounds the second arcing chamber in an insulating manner. The aim is to provide a hybrid circuit breaker which can be produced economically and which has high availability. This is achieved, inter alia, wherein means are provided which always ensure that the movement of the first arcing chamber leads the movement of the second arcing chamber during a disconnection process, and that the movement of the second arcing chamber always leads the movement of the first arcing chamber during a connection process.

公开(公告)号：US5663544A

公开(公告)日：1997-09-02

申请号：US532654

申请日：1995-11-20

申请人： Lutz Niemeyer

发明人： Lutz Niemeyer

IPC分类号： H01H33/14 ,  H01H33/666 ,  H01H77/10 ,  H01H33/66

CPC分类号： H01H33/6661 ,  H01H33/143 ,  H01H77/10

摘要： A device for switching electric current includes a compressed gas switch, at least one vacuum switch, and two terminals. A first consumable contact of the compressed gas switch is electrically connected to a first of the two terminals and a movable electrode of the vacuum switch is connected to a second of the two terminals to form a quenching circuit. The two electrodes of the vacuum switch can be separated without the use of the drive and a contact pressure is applied to them which prevents the electrodes from breaking below a threshold value of the current to be switched off. On switch-off, the current to be interrupted is switched over from a rated current circuit containing two rated current contacts of the compressed gas switch to the parallel quenching circuit. The vacuum switch now in the quenching circuit breaks only if the current to be switched off exceeds the aforementioned threshold. As the vacuum switch does not conduct the rated current and, unlike the compressed gas switch, is involved only in a few break operations, it can be of substantially lighter construction than a vacuum switch carrying the rated current and is actuated in every switching operation.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / CH95 / 00010 Sec。 371日期：1995年11月20日 102（e）1995年11月20日日期PCT 1995年1月16日PCT PCT。 公开号WO95 / 22831 日期1995年8月24日用于切换电流的装置包括压缩气体开关，至少一个真空开关和两个端子。 压缩气体开关的第一消耗性触点电连接到两个端子中的第一个，并且真空开关的可动电极连接到两个端子中的第二个端子以形成淬火电路。 真空开关的两个电极可以在不使用驱动器的情况下被分离，并且对它们施加接触压力，从而防止电极破坏到要切断的电流的阈值以下。 在关断时，要中断的电流从包含压缩气体开关的两个额定电流触点的额定电流电路切换到并联淬火电路。 现在淬火电路中的真空开关只有在要关闭的电流超过上述阈值时才会断开。 由于真空开关不传导额定电流，与压缩气体开关不同，仅涉及几个断路操作，因此它可以具有比承载额定电流的真空开关更简单的结构，并且在每个开关操作中被启动。

公开(公告)号：US4162514A

公开(公告)日：1979-07-24

申请号：US834263

申请日：1977-09-19

申请人： Patrick De Bruyne ,  Lutz Niemeyer

发明人： Patrick De Bruyne ,  Lutz Niemeyer

IPC分类号： H01L23/04 ,  H01L23/00 ,  H01L23/051 ,  H01L23/16 ,  H01L23/492 ,  H01L23/60 ,  H02H7/20

CPC分类号： H01L23/051 ,  H01L23/16 ,  H01L23/4924 ,  H01L23/60 ,  H01L2924/0002

摘要： An arrangement for semiconductor power components in an installation, in which at least one semiconductor power component is placed between contact pieces and is enclosed in a housing exhibiting an insulator and connecting pieces. The arrangement includes current conductors which promote safety and prevent explosion by absorbing electric arcs formed in the installation. The current conductors are placed laterally adjacent to the contact pieces and annularly surrounding the latter, separated from the interior wall of the insulator by narrow gaps. Additional embodiments of the present invention employ reinforcing elements around the housing, and explosion guards around the housing, thereby further enhancing installation safety.

摘要翻译： 一种在安装中的半导体功率部件的布置，其中至少一个半导体功率部件被放置在接触片之间并被封装在呈现绝缘体和连接件的壳体中。 该装置包括通过吸收安装中形成的电弧来促进安全性并防止爆炸的电流导体。 电流导体横向放置在靠近接触件的位置并环绕其周围，通过狭窄的间隙与绝缘体的内壁隔开。 本发明的另外的实施例在壳体周围采用增强元件，并且在壳体周围防爆，从而进一步增强安装安全性。

公开(公告)号：US4072838A

公开(公告)日：1978-02-07

申请号：US635351

申请日：1975-11-26

申请人： Lutz Niemeyer ,  Klaus Ragaller

发明人： Lutz Niemeyer ,  Klaus Ragaller

IPC分类号： H01H33/825 ,  H01H33/20 ,  H01H33/72 ,  H01H33/82 ,  H01H33/83 ,  H01H33/835 ,  H01H33/54

CPC分类号： H01H33/20 ,  H01H33/83

摘要： An electrical power switch operating with a pressurized gas for actuating the switch contacts and also providing a quenching action in which the arc is lengthened and extinguished includes a container in which the pressurized gas is stored, the outlet from this container being located adjacent the junction area between a plurality of contact fingers in fixed position and a movable contact member that also includes a valve member for closing off the gas outlet from the container when the switch contacts are closed. When the movable contact is released for initiating an opening operation of the contacts, the pressure of the gas stored in the container forces the valve open thus releasing the gas for blasting the arc drawn between the contacts. The gas enters an annular chamber surrounding the junction line of the contacts which includes two half-turn helical travel rails of different radius and opposite winding sense to which the feet of the arc are transferred from the contacts and travel downward and into a group of circumferentially spaced nozzles in which the arc is further lengthened.

摘要翻译： 一种用加压气体操作的电力开关，用于致动开关触点，并且还提供淬火作用，其中电弧被延长和熄灭，其中包括容纳加压气体的容器，该容器的出口位于接合区域附近 在固定位置的多个接触指状件和可动接触构件之间，所述可动接触构件还包括当所述开关触点闭合时用于关闭所述容器的气体出口的阀构件。 当可动触点被释放以启动触点的打开操作时，储存在容器中的气体的压力迫使阀打开，从而释放气体以喷射在触点之间拉伸的电弧。 气体进入围绕接触点的连接线的环形室，其包括两个不同半径和相反绕组感测的半匝螺旋行进导轨，弧的脚从接触件转移到其上并向下行进并成一组圆周 间隔开的喷嘴，其中电弧进一步加长。

公开(公告)号：US08502101B2

公开(公告)日：2013-08-06

申请号：US13250004

申请日：2011-09-30

申请人： Lutz Niemeyer ,  Martin Seeger ,  Michael Schwinne ,  Arthouros Iordanidis

发明人： Lutz Niemeyer ,  Martin Seeger ,  Michael Schwinne ,  Arthouros Iordanidis

IPC分类号： H01H33/88

CPC分类号： H01H33/901 ,  H01H33/74

摘要： An exemplary high voltage circuit breaker includes an interruption chamber that is filled with an extinguishing agent. The interruption chamber having at least two separable arcing contact pieces that are coaxially arranged and an arcing zone in which an electric arc is producible during an interruption process. The interruption chamber includes at least two inlets and at least one outlet located in between the two inlets. The inlets and the at least one outlet are connected with the arcing zone such that the electric arc is extinguishable in at least three arc interruption zones by means of extinguishing flows streaming out of the at least two inlets into the arcing zone upon pressurization and introduction of a portion of the extinguishing agent in the arcing zone, and leading an amount of the extinguishing flows through the outlet out of the arcing zone.

摘要翻译： 示例性的高压断路器包括填充有灭火剂的中断室。 中断室具有同轴布置的至少两个可分离的电弧接触片和在中断过程中可产生电弧的电弧区。 中断室包括至少两个入口和位于两个入口之间的至少一个出口。 入口和至少一个出口与电弧区连接，使得电弧在至少三个电弧中断区域中通过在加压和引入时从至少两个入口流出进入电弧区的灭火流可熄灭 灭弧剂的一部分在电弧区中，并引导一定量的灭火流经出口流出电弧区。