Abstract:
The present disclosure relates to methods and apparatuses for calibrating a sensor, particularly a gravimeter, which involves positioning the sensor in at least three different orientations and calibrating the sensor using a linear model and the sensor outputs from the at least three different orientations. The method may include applying an external force to the sensor. The apparatus includes a processor and storage subsystem with a program that, when executed, implements the method.
Abstract:
An apparatus and method for estimating a parameter of interest using a force responsive element comprising, at least in part, a balanced material. The balanced material is temperature insensitive over a specified range of temperatures such that the force responsive element may estimate the parameter of interest by responding to a desired force with relatively little interference due to temperature changes within the specified range of temperatures.
Abstract:
A magnet assembly for measuring properties of a formation from a borehole, the magnet assembly including a first device and a second device, each device adapted for insertion into the borehole, the first device producing a first magnetic field, the second device producing a second magnetic field; wherein the second magnetic field is configurable for one of reinforcing and reducing the first magnetic field; and wherein the first device comprises a permanent magnet and the second device comprises at least one of one of a switchable magnet and switching windings.
Abstract:
A magnet assembly for measuring properties of a formation from a borehole, the magnet assembly including a first device and a second device, each device adapted for insertion into the borehole, the first device producing a first magnetic field, the second device producing a second magnetic field; wherein the second magnetic field is configurable for one of reinforcing and reducing the first magnetic field; and wherein the first device comprises a permanent magnet and the second device comprises at least one of one of a switchable magnet and switching windings.
Abstract:
A method for characterizing a fluid sample withdrawn from an earth formation. The method includes performing nuclear magnetic resonant spin echo measurements on the fluid sample at a nuclear magnetic resonant frequency of carbon-13. Amplitudes of the spin echo measurements are summed. The summed measurements are spectrally analyzed. The fluid is characterized by determining whether aromatic hydrocarbons are present by measuring an amplitude of the spectrally analyzed spin echo measurements at about 130 part per million shift from the carbon-13 frequency. The fluid is also characterized by determining whether aliphatic hydrocarbons are present by measuring an amplitude of the spectrally analyzed spin echo measurements at about 30 parts per million frequency shift.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for performing NMR measurements suppressing contribution to NMR signals from within the borehole. Within the region of examination, the RF magnetic field has a spatially varying intensity. NMR signals (free induction decay or spin echo signals) are inverted to give spin density as a function of field intensity. This inversion is then mapped to spatial positions using the known RF field variation. The effect of signals arising from within the borehole can be suppressed. It is also possible to obtain an azimuthal image of the spin density.
Abstract:
Measurements from many logging instruments such as Gamma ray counts from a pulsed neutron instrument, and amplitudes of spin-echo signals from a NMR instrument, typically have a spectrum that contains a plurality of exponentially decaying components. The slowest decaying component is obtained by fitting a single exponential over the tail end of the data and selecting a beginning for the fitting window that minimizes the product of the chi-square and the standard error of the fit. The single determined component may be subtracted from the data and the process repeated to give additional components. The determined components are indicative of thermal neutron capture cross-sections (in the case of a pulsed neutron instrument) and of the distribution of relaxation times and fluids within the pores of a rock in the case of a NMR instrument.
Abstract:
An apparatus for detecting a chemical of interest in a fluid sample includes a sample chamber and a nano-particle injection device configured to inject functionalized magnetic nano-particles and optionally non-functionalized magnetic nano-particles into the fluid sample. The functionalized magnetic nano-particles include a plurality of bits of a reactor chemical spread out and separated from each other over a surface of each of the functionalized magnetic nano-particles for at least one of aggregating and disaggregating the functionalized magnetic nano-particles by binding or reacting to the chemical of interest in the fluid sample and the non-functionalized magnetic nano-particles do not include the plurality of bits. The apparatus also includes a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument configured to perform an NMR measurement on the fluid sample having the functionalized magnetic nano-particles to provide first NMR data and a controller configured to detect the chemical of interest using the first NMR data.
Abstract:
The present disclosure relates to methods and apparatuses for acquiring multi-component gravity information for an earth formation. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to estimating the movement of fluid in an earth formation using at least one gravimeter configured to generate multi-component gravity information. The method may include estimating density changes in the earth formation. The method may include estimating a position of the at least one gravimeter. The apparatus may include a multi-component gravimeter configured to estimate gravity vectors for each vector component.
Abstract:
An embodiment of an apparatus for estimating a parameter includes a multi-wavelength electromagnetic source configured to emit electromagnetic radiation beams having multiple wavelengths at a fixed angle relative to an interferometer, the multi-wavelength source having a stabilizer configured to lock each beam to one of a plurality of discrete wavelength ranges. The apparatus also includes the interferometer, which has a fixed reference reflector and a moveable reflecting assembly coupled to a moveable mass, the mass configured to move in response to the parameter. The apparatus further includes a detector configured to detect an interference pattern generated by the interferometer for each beam, and a processor configured to combine the interference patterns and estimate the parameter based on the combined interference pattern.