公开(公告)号：US4363060A

公开(公告)日：1982-12-07

申请号：US332365

申请日：1981-12-18

申请人： Frederick A. Stich

发明人： Frederick A. Stich

IPC分类号： H01F29/04 ,  H02H7/20

CPC分类号： H01H9/0005 ,  H01F29/04 ,  H01H9/548

摘要： A tap changer voltage regulator permits a tap changer selector contact to engage an open circuited new tap without arcing and has a half-tap voltage auxiliary winding which permits halving the inter-tap voltage to thus double the number of steps, and an auxiliary switch with a pair of movable contacts. A first auxiliary contact initially connects a selector contact which has moved to a new tap through a circulating current limiting resistor to a load, preventing load current interruption. A second auxiliary contact is in series with a normally-closed switch through which load current and circulating current flow. A first set of inverse parallel SCR's is in series with the resistor, while the normally-closed switch is shunted by a second pair of inverse parallel thyristors. The first pair of thyristors is not gated until the first auxiliary contact has attained its new position, precluding initial arcing. The normally-closed switch is then opened to transfer the current to the thyristors, and gating current is subsequently removed from the second pair of thyristors so that load and circulating current are statically interrupted by the thyristors at current zero, thus completing the tap change by permitting the second auxiliary contact to arclessly interrupt the circuit to the selector contact on the previous tap.

摘要翻译： 分接开关电压调节器允许分接开关选择器触点接合没有电弧的开路新抽头，并且具有半抽头电压辅助绕组，其允许将抽头间电压减半以使步数增加一倍，并且辅助开关具有 一对可动触点。 第一辅助触点首先将已经移动到新的抽头的选择器触点连接到循环限流电阻器到负载，防止负载电流中断。 第二辅助触点与常闭开关串联，通过该开关负载电流和循环电流流动。 第一组反并联SCR与电阻串联，而常闭开关由第二对逆并联晶闸管分流。 第一对晶闸管不会门控，直到第一个辅助触点达到其新的位置，排除初始电弧。 然后打开常闭开关以将电流传送到晶闸管，并且随后从第二对晶闸管中去除门控电流，使得负载和循环电流在电流为零时由晶闸管静态中断，从而完成抽头变换 允许第二辅助触点无弧地中断先前水龙头上的选择器触点的电路。

公开(公告)号：US3971972A

公开(公告)日：1976-07-27

申请号：US558294

申请日：1975-03-14

申请人： Frederick A. Stich

发明人： Frederick A. Stich

IPC分类号： H02P27/08 ,  H02P5/40

CPC分类号： H02P27/08 ,  H02P27/047

摘要： A transistor inverter drive provides variable frequency and variable voltage power to an electric motor and pulse width modulates a predetermined number of harmonic-reduced constant volt/hertz pulses per cycle of motor frequency to selectively vary the motor stator voltage so that constant torque over a wide speed range can be accomplished and increases the number of constant volt/hertz PWM pulses per motor frequency cycle at low motor speeds to boost the stator voltage and thereby compensate for decrease in magnetizing current and in torque which would otherwise occur at low frequencies. Particularly, the drive has first and second oscillators for respectively deriving trains of first and second clock pulses whose frequencies vary at different rates as a function of an analog speed signal; a frequency switch which selects the higher frequency train of clock pulses; a volt/hertz integrator which derives ramp pulses whose leading edges are established by the pulses from the frequency switch and which vary in magnitude as a function of the time integral of the inverter bridge output voltage; a first comparator for deriving a first control pulse when each ramp signal becomes equal to a first reference voltage; a three phase generator for deriving three phase reference waves synchronized to the first clock pulses and displaced 120.degree. and each of whose period includes a predetermined number of first clock pulses; and means for controlling the fundamental output voltages of individual phases of the inverter bridge in accordance with respective reference waves and including pulse width modulation chopping means for controlling conduction of transistors of the bridge inverter by variable width PWM pulses whose leading edges are at the output pulses from the frequency switch and whose trailing edges are at the first control pulses, whereby the number of PWM pulses in each fundamental voltage cycle is controlled by the higher frequency pulse train and provides a boost in motor terminal voltage at low motor speeds.

公开(公告)号：US3931553A

公开(公告)日：1976-01-06

申请号：US484988

申请日：1974-07-01

申请人： Frederick A. Stich ,  Glenn W. Schwantes

发明人： Frederick A. Stich ,  Glenn W. Schwantes

IPC分类号： H02P6/08 ,  H02K29/00

CPC分类号： H02P6/08

摘要： An n-phase electronically commutated motor has a stator with n angularly displaced phase windings, each of which comprises a pair of power windings, and each power winding is connected in series with a transistor power switch across an electric power source so that the power windings of each phase generate magnetic fluxes in opposite directions and operate in push-pull. A capacitive rotor sensor coupled to the motor rotor derives n-phase square wave rotor position signals displaced 360/n degrees apart at a frequency proportional to rotor speed and n sets of logic gates receive the rotor position signals and control the conduction interval of the power transistors. The logic gates are opened during rotor position signals which energize the power switches in a sequence that generates a rotating magnetic field within the stator.

摘要翻译： n相电子换向电动机具有定子，其具有n个角度位移的相绕组，每个绕组包括一对功率绕组，并且每个功率绕组与跨越电源的晶体管功率开关串联连接，使得功率绕组 每相产生相反方向的磁通并且在推挽中操作。 耦合到电动机转子的电容式转子传感器导出以与转子速度成比例的频率360°/ n度相移的n相方波转子位置信号，并且n组逻辑门接收转子位置信号并控制功率的导通间隔 晶体管。 在转子位置信号期间，逻辑门被打开，该位置信号以在定子内产生旋转磁场的顺序激励功率开关。

公开(公告)号：US5229651A

公开(公告)日：1993-07-20

申请号：US404902

申请日：1989-09-08

申请人： Richard V. Baxter, Jr. ,  Frederick A. Stich

发明人： Richard V. Baxter, Jr. ,  Frederick A. Stich

IPC分类号： G01R31/00 ,  H02H3/24 ,  H02H3/50 ,  H02J3/00 ,  H02J9/06

CPC分类号： H02H3/24 ,  H02H3/50 ,  Y10T307/625

摘要： AC line monitoring is provided for uninterruptible power supplies to detect AC power system line faults by comparing the presently received cycle of the AC power line signal with a reference waveform. The reference waveform is formed of a composite of waveforms from prior cycles which adapts over time to the shape of the AC power line waveform, so that waveforms other than pure sinusoids can be accepted without triggering false fault conditions. The composite reference waveform may be formed of essentially all samples from prior cycles with exponentially decaying weighting. An excessive deviation of the current waveform from the reference waveform results in a fault being detected which causes switching of the uninterrupible power supply to provide backup power. The RMS value of the power line voltage is also estimated on a substantially real time basis, preferably by calculating the RMS value of the reference waveform, to provide a fault condition signal when the estimated RMS value falls below a selected level, which also can be utilized to cause switching of the uninterruptible power supply.

公开(公告)号：US5182518A

公开(公告)日：1993-01-26

申请号：US685068

申请日：1991-04-11

申请人： Frederick A. Stich ,  Richard V. Baxter, Jr. ,  Herbert A. Podewils ,  David L. Layden

发明人： Frederick A. Stich ,  Richard V. Baxter, Jr. ,  Herbert A. Podewils ,  David L. Layden

IPC分类号： G01R31/40 ,  H02J9/06

CPC分类号： H02J9/062 ,  G01R31/40 ,  Y10T307/625

摘要： The inverter of an uninterruptible power system is tested by turning on switches in the inverter at a selected test phase in each half-cycle of the AC input waveform so that the inverter provides a voltage which opposes the AC input voltage waveform during part of each half-cycle of the waveform. The resulting current drawn from the inverter battery, if any, is measured and its peak may be found. The peak battery current during each half-cycle is compared to maximum allowable peak currents to determine if an inverter failure has occurred. If the peak currents are lower than a maximum acceptable value, the test is repeated on a subsequent AC input waveform at a decreased test phase (a shorter time delay from the zero crossing of each half-cycle of the waveform) until the peak current in the first half-cycle is at a selected value, at which time the peak in the second half-cycle is checked to determine if it is within an acceptable range. If not, an inverter test failure is indicated. Inverter test failure is also indicated if repeated cycles during which the test phase is reduced fail to cause the first peak to reach the proper value and the test phase is finally reduced to a minimum allowable test phase. If the inverter has been tested and is found to be operating properly, a battery test can be conducted by selectively disconnecting the AC power system from the load, turning on the inverter for a selected period of time, and detrmining remaining available run time based on the battery voltage while the inverter was running.

摘要翻译： 不间断电源系统的逆变器通过在交流输入波形的每个半周期内以选定的测试阶段打开变频器的开关进行测试，从而使变频器在每半部分期间提供与交流输入电压波形相对的电压 循环的波形。 测量从逆变器电池中抽出的电流（如果有的话），并且可以找到其峰值。 将每个半周期期间的峰值电池电流与最大允许峰值电流进行比较，以确定是否发生了变频器故障。 如果峰值电流低于最大可接受值，则在随后的AC输入波形上，在减小的测试阶段（从波形的每个半周期的过零点开始的较短的时间延迟）直到峰值电流 第一半周期处于选定值，此时检查第二半周期中的峰值以确定其是否在可接受的范围内。 如果没有，则指示变频器测试失败。 如果测试阶段降低的重复循环不能使第一个峰值达到适当的值，并且最后将测试阶段降低到最小允许的测试阶段，则也会指示变频器测试故障。 如果变频器已经过测试，发现运行正常，可以通过选择性地断开交流电源系统与负载的连接，在一段时间内打开变频器，并根据以下情况确定剩余的可用运行时间，进行电池测试 变频器运行时的电池电压。

公开(公告)号：US4539618A

公开(公告)日：1985-09-03

申请号：US568400

申请日：1984-01-05

申请人： Frederick A. Stich

发明人： Frederick A. Stich

IPC分类号： H02H1/06 ,  H02M7/155 ,  H02H3/08

CPC分类号： H02H1/06 ,  H02M7/1555

摘要： An overload relay is provided which monitors current flow in a circuit and triggers an electromagnetic interrupter to open the circuit upon detection of an overcurrent condition. A train of pulses is generated and received by the electromagnetic interrupter for maintaining the circuit closed. The pulse train is terminated upon detection of an overcurrent condition.

摘要翻译： 提供过载继电器，其监测电路中的电流，并且在检测到过电流状况时触发电磁断路器打开电路。 由电磁断路器产生并接收脉冲串以维持电路闭合。 检测到过电流状态时，脉冲串终止。

公开(公告)号：US4404442A

公开(公告)日：1983-09-13

申请号：US220374

申请日：1980-12-29

申请人： Frederick A. Stich ,  John D. Kleinecke ,  Roger L. Robertson

发明人： Frederick A. Stich ,  John D. Kleinecke ,  Roger L. Robertson

IPC分类号： H01H9/34 ,  H01H33/02

CPC分类号： H01H9/346 ,  H01H9/44

摘要： A circuit interrupter of the type including an arc chute and separable contacts between which an arc may be drawn is provided with flash plates. The plates are disposed at either side of the region in which an arc forms and serve to protect the adjacent interrupter housing, while assisting in channeling the arc into the arc chute. The flash plates are formed of a ceramic material and are provided with a plurality of grooves running the direction generally transverse to the direction of the arc.

摘要翻译： 这种类型的电路断路器包括一个电弧槽和可分离的触点，在该触点之间可以绘制一个电弧，闪光板设有闪光板。 板被布置在弧形区域的任一侧，并用于保护相邻的断路器壳体，同时辅助将电弧引导到电弧槽中。 闪光板由陶瓷材料形成，并且设置有沿着大致横向于弧的方向的方向延伸的多个凹槽。

公开(公告)号：US4301489A

公开(公告)日：1981-11-17

申请号：US105082

申请日：1979-12-19

申请人： Frederick A. Stich

发明人： Frederick A. Stich

IPC分类号： H01F29/04 ,  H02H7/055 ,  H02H7/22

CPC分类号： H01H9/0005 ,  H01F29/04 ,  H02H7/055 ,  H01H9/542 ,  Y10T307/911 ,  Y10T307/924

摘要： A tap changer voltage regulator permits a tap changer switch selector contact to engage an open-circuited new tap without arcing and has a half-tap voltage auxiliary winding which permits halving the inter-tap voltage and doubling the number of steps, and also has an auxiliary switch system. An auxiliary static switch circuit initially connects a first tap selector in series with a circulating current limiting resistor and a load to prevent load circuit interruption. An auxiliary selector switch initially coupled to a second tap selector and is in series with a normally-closed switch through which the load current and circulative current flow. The normally-closed switch is shunted by a second static switch circuit. The first static switch is not gated until the first tap selector has attained its new position, precluding initial arcing. The normally-closed switch is then opened; subsequently gating current is removed from the second static switch so that load and circulating current are statically interrupted at current zero. The selector may then be arclessly disconnected from the second tap selector and moved to contact the first tap selector.

摘要翻译： 分接开关电压调节器允许分接开关选择器触点接合没有电弧的开路新抽头，并且具有半抽头电压辅助绕组，其允许将分接头电压减半并使步数加倍，并且还具有 辅助开关系统。 辅助静态开关电路首先将第一分接选择器与循环限流电阻和负载串联连接以防止负载电路中断。 辅助选择开关最初耦合到第二抽头选择器，并与常闭开关串联，通过该开关负载电流和循环电流流过。 常闭开关由第二静态开关电路分流。 在第一个分接选择器达到其新位置之前，第一个静态开关不会选通，排除初始电弧。 然后打开常闭开关; 随后的门控电流从第二静态开关移除，使负载和循环电流在电流零点处静止中断。 然后，选择器可以与第二抽头选择器无弧度地断开并移动以接触第一抽头选择器。

公开(公告)号：US4128793A

公开(公告)日：1978-12-05

申请号：US818986

申请日：1977-07-25

申请人： Frederick A. Stich

发明人： Frederick A. Stich

IPC分类号： H02P27/08 ,  H02P5/40

CPC分类号： H02P27/08 ,  H02P27/047

摘要： A power circuit arrangement for a power conditioning system adapted to supply variable frequency, variable magnitude voltage to an electromagnetic device such as an electric motor having a center-tapped winding includes first and second inverting thyristors connected to the respective winding ends and connected in series with a transistor chopper across a unidirectional source so that the inverting thyristors may be gated on alternately at a relatively low modulation frequency while the chopper is time ratio controlled at a higher carrier frequency to selectively vary the voltage applied to the winding; a capacitor in shunt to the chopper which is overcharged due to winding leakage reactance when the chopper is turned off to reverse bias and "soft" commutate the thyristors when they are not conducting load current; a free-wheeling thyristor connected between the winding center tap and the chopper and poled to form a low-impedance free-wheeling path for winding current in series with the inverting thyristors when the chopper is turned off; and first and second energy recovery diodes connected across the serial arrangement of the chopper with the respective inverting thyristors to provide paths for out-of-phase currents and for current when the free-wheeling thyristor is turned off during commutation of the inverting thyristors.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONThis invention relates to electricity conversion systems, often termed power conditioning systems, for supplying variable frequency, variable magnitude voltage to an electromagnetic device such as an electric motor and in particular to a power circuit arrangement for such a system.Several different types of variable frequency, variable voltage power conditioning systems are known, but they all have singular inherent disadvantages. For example, some known variable frequency, variable voltage power conditioning systems utilize forced-commutation thyristors while others employ various bridge circuit arrangements or transistors in push-pull arrangements. Such known power conditioning systems which employ forced-commutation require high speed thyristors that are relatively expensive, are bulky, and have high losses. For example, pulse width modulated inverters of the thyristor type necessitate reactive energy storage and expensive commutation circuits and must employ high-speed, and thus expensive, thyristors since they switch at carrier frequency, while thyristor inverters having a voltage-controlling transistor chopper commutate the thyristors off when they are conducting load current and thus require large and expensive inductive and capacitive elements in the commutation circuits. Variable frequency, variable voltage supplies which utilize power transistors in push-pull arrangements are relatively expensive, do not provide free-wheeling paths for load current, and require special and expensive biasing circuits for the power transistors. Known bridge arrangements which provide variable frequency, variable voltage power are relatively inefficient at low voltage and expensive to construct and operate.OBJECTS OF THE INVENTIONIt is an object of the invention to provide an improved low-cost, compact, efficient and relatively simple power circuit arrangement for an electric power conditioning system.It is a further object of the invention to provide an improved variable frequency, variable voltage supply for power conditioning applications which employs thyristors to switch current but does not require forced-commutation circuits to switch the thyristors.Another object is to provide such a power circuit arrangement for variable frequency, variable voltage power conditioning applications having thyristors for supplying wave forms made up of variable width carrier frequency pulses to a load and wherein the thyristors switch at relatively low modulation frequency and may be of the low-speed, inexpensive type.Still another object is to provide an improved power circuit for a variable frequency, variable magnitude power conditioning system of the thyristor type having a voltage-controlling chopper and wherein the thyristors are "soft" commutated while the chopper is turned off and load current is not flowing through the thyristors, thereby eliminating large and expensive inductive and capacitive commutation elements.It is a still further object of the invention to provide such a power circuit for a variable frequency, variable voltage traction motor drive employing a semiconductor chopper and which provides free-wheeling paths for motor winding currents when the chopper is turned off.Still another object is to provide such an improved power circuit for a variable frequency, variable voltage power supply having a voltage-controlling transistor chopper which is used during both the positive and the negative half cycles of output frequency.Another object is to provide such an improved power circuit for a variable frequency, variable voltage power supply wherein the voltage drop in the load circuit is substantially less than in prior art apparatus and is limited to the forward voltage drop across a thyristor plus the voltage drop across one saturated transistor.A still further object is to provide such an inexpensive, compact, power circuit for an electricity conversion system utilizing thyristors and a high frequency transistor chopper and which has a novel and low-cost power transistor biasing arrangement.

摘要翻译： 一种适用于向诸如具有中心抽头绕组的电动机的电磁装置提供可变频率可变幅度电压的功率调节系统的电源电路装置，包括连接到各个绕组端的第一和第二反相晶闸管，并与 跨越单向源的晶体管斩波器，使得反相晶闸管可以以相对较低的调制频率交替地选通，同时斩波器以更高的载波频率控制时间比，以选择性地改变施加到绕组的电压; 当斩波器关断以反向偏置时，由于绕组漏电抗而对斩波器分路的电容器进行分压，并且当软开关不导通负载电流时，“软”换向晶闸管; 连接在绕组中心抽头和斩波器之间的续流晶闸管，并且极化，以在切断器断开时形成用于与反相晶闸管串联的电流的低阻抗续流路径; 以及连接在斩波器的串联装置与相应的反相晶闸管之间的第一和第二能量恢复二极管，以提供用于异相电流的路径，以及当在反相晶闸管的换向期间续流晶闸管截止时的电流。

公开(公告)号：US4123692A

公开(公告)日：1978-10-31

申请号：US735609

申请日：1976-10-26

申请人： Thomas P. Gilmore ,  Frederick A. Stich

发明人： Thomas P. Gilmore ,  Frederick A. Stich

IPC分类号： H02M3/158 ,  H02P27/08 ,  H02P5/40 ,  H02P7/62

CPC分类号： H02P27/08 ,  H02M3/158 ,  H02M2001/007 ,  H02P2201/07 ,  H02P27/047

摘要： An adjustable speed AC electric motor drive has a static inverter energized from a unidirectional power source through a semiconductor series chopper and eliminates a filter between chopper and inverter and controls the fundamental inverter output frequency as a function of an analog speed reference signal and also pulse width modulates the series chopper at a constant frequency as a function of the speed reference signal and synchronizes the series chopper to the fundamental inverter freqency to provide variable voltage and variable frequency power to the motor. The drive has a shunt chopper at the output of the series chopper and switches it to the opposite conductive state from the series chopper so that it coacts with the feedback diodes to form substantially continuous, low impedance, bidirectional free-wheeling paths for motor current and provides constant harmonic content current to the motor with reduced ripple.

摘要翻译： 可调速AC电动机驱动器具有通过半导体串联斩波器从单向电源供电的静态逆变器，并且消除斩波器和逆变器之间的滤波器，并且将基本的反相器输出频率控制为模拟速度参考信号的函数，并且还将脉冲宽度 作为速度参考信号的函数以恒定频率调制串联斩波器，并将串联斩波器与基波逆变器频率同步，为电机提供可变电压和变频功率。 驱动器在串联斩波器的输出端具有分流斩波器，并将其切换到与串联斩波器相反的导通状态，使其与反馈二极管共同形成用于电动机电流的基本连续的低阻抗双向续流路径， 为电机提供恒定谐波含量电流，纹波减小。