摘要:
A method of identifying and determining the concentrations of multiple species in a gas sample, includes providing a spectrophone assembly having a detector chamber, supplying the gas sample to the detector chamber and simultaneously passing a plurality of radiations of different wavelengths into the detector chamber to produce multiple acoustic resonances of different frequencies. Acoustic resonances in the detector chamber are simultaneously sensed to produce corresponding electrical signals, and the electrical signals are analysed to identify the species present in the gas sample and determine the concentration of each specie.
摘要:
A multi-layered structure in the form of a disposable patch is described for supporting a light source and useful in conjunction with procedures for the non-invasive visualization of veins, arteries or other subcutaneous structures of the body or for facilitating intravenous insertion or extraction of fluids, medication or the like, which in a representative embodiment includes a coupling layer for interfacing and optically coupling with the body surface and conforming to the surface topography of the body portion of interest, a ring for supporting a light source, and a reflective layer between the source and coupling layer for redirecting light reflected from the body surface back through the coupling layer.
摘要:
A system and method for generating a navigation solution in high interference and dynamic environments using Global Positioning System (GPS) and inertial measurement unit (IMU) data is described. The system configuration is a multi-satellite tracking loop structure obtained by closing each satellite's tracking loop through a single, multi-state navigation filter. This generates a robust navigation solution that can track GPS signals in a lower signal to noise ratio than can the standard GPS tightly coupled tracking loops. The system contains an Advanced Tightly Coupled (ATC) tracking processor which accepts early, late, and on-time I and Q data from the GPS signal tracker and outputs vehicle to satellite range, range rate and range acceleration residual measurements to a navigation Kalman filter. The ATC includes nonlinear discriminators which transform I and Q data into linear residual measurements corrupted by unbiased, additive, and white noise. It also includes an amplitude estimator configured to operate in rapidly changing, high power noise; a measurement noise variance estimator; and a linear residual smoothing filter for input to the navigation filter.
摘要:
Systems and methods for presenting information corresponding to circuit breakers and for controlling such circuit breakers are disclosed. In one embodiment, the system can include a menu-driven, pointer-accessible graphical user interface via which an operator can receive information corresponding to circuit breakers, and can automatically change the states of the circuit breakers. Menus of circuit breaker information can be organized by the state of the circuit breaker, the location of the circuit breaker, the bus to which the circuit breaker is coupled, the electrical system to which the circuit breaker belongs, and/or the system or subsystem of which the circuit breaker is a part. In further embodiments, the circuit breaker information can be organized according to custom-made arrangements.
摘要:
The invention provides an apparatus and a method for installing a pipe in a pre-bored hole. According to one aspect of the invention, the apparatus comprises a plug having a rear cylindrical portion with external threads engaged with internal threads of a front portion of a plastic pipe section. A front portion of the plug includes a pulling attachment, and a rear portion of the pipe section extends beyond the rear portion of the plug for attachment to a pipe to be towed through the hole. According to another aspect of the invention, the apparatus comprises a plug having a pulling attachment at a front end, a rear portion with external threads, a lengthwise external cutaway portion on the rear portion, and a slot extending radially through the rear portion. The lengthwise external cutaway portion forms an edge for cutting into an interior surface of a plastic pipe and the slot forms a suitable collection space for collecting pieces of plastic cut from the interior of the pipe by engagement of the threads. The invention also provides an apparatus and method for simultaneously installing several underground pipes in a pre-bored hole. This apparatus comprises a mounting plate having a generally flat plate including a plurality of spaced, crucifix-shaped openings extending through the plate. Several pulling devices can be secured to the mounting plate by sliding a plurality of chains, each chain attached to one pulling device, into one of the openings.
摘要:
The invention relates to an improved rod pushing and pulling machine suited for use in underground pipe bursting and replacement with a rod string wherein each rod has at least one radially enlarged upset thereon. The machine includes a housing or frame having a pair of side walls and a front wall with an access opening therein through which a rod string can extend. At least one main thrust cylinder is mounted on the housing. A ratchet block mechanism driven by the main thrust cylinder includes a pivoting pawl and a reversible stop mechanism that permits the pawl to swing out of the way of an upset on a rod as the ratchet block mechanism moves along the rod in one direction, but forces the pawl to engage the upset to drive the rod string when the ratchet block mechanism moves along the rod in the other direction. A bungee vise is mounted on the housing behind the ratchet block mechanism, the bungee vise having a pair of jaws and an actuator that causes the jaws to engage the rod string and hold it against longitudinal movement when the rod string is not engaged by the ratchet block mechanism, and disengage when the rod string is engaged by the ratchet block mechanism.
摘要:
A rod pushing and pulling machine includes at least one hydraulic cylinder having a front end thereof engagable with a reaction surface at an entry opening of a existing pipeline or borehole, a spindle assembly, and a dual vise assembly. The spindle assembly includes a frame, a spindle shaft rotatably mounted in the frame, a distal end of the spindle shaft being threaded for engagement with a mating thread of a rod, a drive system for rotating the spindle shaft in threading and unthreading directions, the spindle frame being secured to a rear end of the hydraulic cylinder for pushing or pulling of a rod string engaged to the spindle shaft upon extension or retraction of the hydraulic cylinder, and a support assembly for the spindle shaft. The support assembly includes a set of roller bearings rotatably supporting the spindle shaft, a radial flange on the spindle shaft, and a load flange secured to the spindle frame positioned to engage the radial flange, whereby the radial flange comes into engagement with the load flange during pulling operation to prevent rotation of the spindle shaft during pulling operation, and leaves engagement with the load flange during pushing operation so that the spindle shaft may rotate during pushing operation supported by the roller bearings. The dual vise assembly has two pairs of separately actuable jaws positioned to grip a rod nearest the spindle shaft and a rod adjacent the rod nearest the spindle shaft.
摘要:
A method for installation of an underground pipe includes an initial step of boring a pilot hole through the ground at a predetermined grade angle by extending a drill string having a steerable boring bit mounted thereon through the ground. Upon reaching an end location for the pilot hole, the bit is removed from the drill string, and an expander having a diameter greater than the pilot hole is attached to the drill string, which expander is backed by an impact device such as a pneumatic impactor including a striker that delivers repeated impacts to a rearwardly facing surface of the expander, and by a pipe drawn along behind the expander. The expander is pulled back through the pilot hole at the grade angle while the impactor is operated to aid progress of the expander through the ground and pull the pipe into place behind the expander. Typically in this method the replacement pipe is coupled to a rear end of the expander and the boring bit has a sonde housing containing a sonde attached thereto to indicate to an operator the orientation of a steering face on the boring bit.
摘要:
A rod pushing and pulling machine includes at least one hydraulic cylinder having a front end thereof engagable with a reaction surface at an entry opening of a existing pipeline or borehole, a spindle assembly, and a dual vise assembly. The spindle assembly includes a frame, a spindle shaft rotatably mounted in the frame, a distal end of the spindle shaft being threaded for engagement with a mating thread of a rod, a drive system for rotating the spindle shaft in threading and unthreading directions, the spindle frame being secured to a rear end of the hydraulic cylinder for pushing or pulling of a rod string engaged to the spindle shaft upon extension or retraction of the hydraulic cylinder, and a support assembly for the spindle shaft. The support assembly includes a set of roller bearings rotatably supporting the spindle shaft, a radial flange on the spindle shaft, and a load flange secured to the spindle frame positioned to engage the radial flange, whereby the radial flange comes into engagement with the load flange during pulling operation to prevent rotation of the spindle shaft during pulling operation, and leaves engagement with the load flange during pushing operation so that the spindle shaft may rotate during pushing operation supported by the roller bearings. The dual vise assembly has two pairs of separately actuable jaws positioned to grip a rod nearest the spindle shaft and a rod adjacent the rod nearest the spindle shaft.