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公开(公告)号：US5504829A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-02
申请号：US172937
申请日：1993-12-27
申请人： Alan F. Evans , Daniel A. Nolan
发明人： Alan F. Evans , Daniel A. Nolan
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , C03B37/014 , C03B37/018 , G02B6/02 , G02B6/028 , G02B6/036 , G02B6/10
CPC分类号： G02B6/0286 , C03B37/01413 , C03B37/01493 , C03B37/018 , C03B37/01807 , G02B6/02247 , G02B6/03633 , G02B6/03644 , G02B6/03688 , C03B2203/02 , C03B2203/06 , C03B2203/18 , C03B2203/24 , C03B2203/36
摘要： A single-mode optical fiber suitable for the transmission of solitons has a refractive index profile that changes along the length of the fiber to provide a fiber dispersion that monotonically decreases along the fiber from one end thereof to the other. The fiber includes a core of maximum refractive index n.sub.1 and a radius a, surrounded by cladding material having a refractive index n.sub.2 which is less than n.sub.1. The fiber core includes a central region that extends to the longitudinal axis of the fiber and an outer region, the inner and outer regions being separated by a region of depressed refractive index. The inner radius a.sub.1 of the region of depressed refractive index is greater than zero and the maximum radius a.sub.o of the region of depressed refractive index is less than a. The fiber preform can be made by depositing layers of glass particles on an elongated mandrel, the composition of glass particles being varied with respect to longitudinal position along the preform during the deposition of some of the layers.
摘要翻译： 适于透射孤子的单模光纤具有沿纤维长度变化的折射率分布，以提供沿纤维从其一端到另一端单调减小的纤维分散体。 光纤包括最大折射率n1的核心和半径a，由具有小于n1的折射率n2的包层材料包围。 纤维芯包括延伸到纤维的纵向轴线的中心区域和外部区域，内部和外部区域被折射率低的区域分开。 折射率低的区域的内半径a1大于零，折射率低的区域的最大半径ao小于a。 纤维预成型件可以通过在细长心轴上沉积玻璃颗粒层而制成，玻璃颗粒的组成在沉积一些层期间相对于沿着预成型件的纵向位置而变化。
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公开(公告)号：US5295210A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-15
申请号：US999296
申请日：1992-12-31
申请人： Daniel A. Nolan , David L. Weidman
发明人： Daniel A. Nolan , David L. Weidman
CPC分类号： G02B6/2835 , G02B6/2856
摘要： An achromatic fiber optic coupler of the type wherein three single-mode optical fibers are fused together along a portion of the lengths thereof to form a coupling region. Each fiber includes a core and a cladding, the lowest refractive index of the fiber claddings being n.sub.2. The fibers are disposed in a triangular array in the coupling region. A matrix glass body of refractive index n.sub.3 surrounds the coupling region, n.sub.3 being lower than n.sub.2 by such an amount that the value of .DELTA..sub.2-3 is less than 0.125%, wherein .DELTA..sub.2-3 equals (n.sub.2.sup.2' -n.sub.3.sup.2)/2n.sub.2.sup.2.
摘要翻译： 这种类型的消色差光纤耦合器，其中三个单模光纤沿其长度的一部分熔合在一起以形成耦合区域。 每个光纤包括芯和包层，光纤包层的最低折射率为n2。 纤维在耦合区域中以三角形阵列布置。 折射率为n3的矩阵玻璃体围绕耦合区域，n3低于n2，使得（Delta）2-3的值小于0.125％，其中（Delta）2-3等于（n22'- n32）/ 2n22。
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公开(公告)号：US4479819A
公开(公告)日：1984-10-30
申请号：US427732
申请日：1982-09-29
IPC分类号： C03B17/02 , C03B23/037 , C03B32/00 , C03C3/064 , C03C3/091 , C03C4/06 , G02B5/30 , C03C3/26 , C03B19/00 , C03C23/00
CPC分类号： C03B32/00 , C03B17/02 , C03B23/037 , C03C3/064 , C03C3/091 , C03C4/06 , G02B5/3058 , Y10S430/165
摘要： The instant invention is directed to the preparation of glass articles exhibiting excellent polarization in the infrared portion of the spectrum from glasses characterized as containing silver halide particles therein selected from the group of AgCl, AgBr, AgI. The inventive method comprises four general steps:(a) a batch for a glass containing silver and at least one halide selected from the group of chloride, bromide, and iodide is melted and the melt shaped into a glass body of a desired geometry;(b) the glass body is subjected to a heat treatment at least above the strain point but not in excess of 50.degree. C. above the softening point of the glass for a period of time adequate to cause the generation of AgCl and/or AgBr and/or AgI particles therein, said particles ranging in size between 200-5000 .ANG.;(c) the glass body is elongated under stress at temperatures above the annealing point, but below that where said glass exhibits a viscosity of about 10.sup.8 poises, such that the particles are elongated to an aspect ratio of at least 5:1; and(d) the elongated glass body is exposed to a reducing environment at temperatures between 250.degree. C. and about 25.degree. above the annealing point of the glass to reduce the silver halide particles in the glass to metallic silver which is deposited in and/or upon the elongated particles.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及从其中选择AgCl，AgBr，AgI中含有卤化银颗粒的玻璃的红外线部分的红外部分显示优异的玻璃制品的制备。 本发明的方法包括四个一般步骤：（a）用于含有银的玻璃和选自氯化物，溴化物和碘化物中的至少一种卤化物的批料熔化并将其熔化成具有所需几何形状的玻璃体; （b）将玻璃体至少高于应变点，但不超过玻璃软化点50℃以上的热处理足以导致产生AgCl和/或AgBr的时间 和/或AgI颗粒，所述颗粒的尺寸范围为200-5000安培; （c）玻璃体在高于退火点的温度下在应力下伸长，但低于所述玻璃呈现约108泊的粘度，使得该颗粒伸长至至少5:1的纵横比; 和（d）细长玻璃体在比玻璃退火点高250℃至25℃的温度下暴露于还原环境中，以将玻璃中的卤化银颗粒还原为金属银，其沉积在和/ 或在细长的颗粒上。
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公开(公告)号：US06400879B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-04
申请号：US09600111
申请日：2000-07-07
IPC分类号： G02B602
CPC分类号： G02B6/02238 , G02B6/02 , G02B6/02028 , G02B6/02242 , G02B6/0281 , H04B10/25 , H04B10/2525
摘要： Disclosed is a single mode optical waveguide fiber having a core region refractive index profile designed to provide a highly non-linear refractive index. The core index profile of the highly non-linear waveguide is an &agr;-profile which has pre-selected values of relative refractive-index and core diameter so as to retain the advantageous optical waveguide properties of low attenuation, properly placed zero dispersion and cut off wavelengths, low, positive total dispersion over a pre-selected wavelength range, and low dispersion slope.
摘要翻译： 公开了具有设计成提供高度非线性折射率的芯区折射率分布的单模光波导光纤。 高度非线性波导的核心折射率分布是具有相对折射率和芯直径的预选值的α轮廓，以便保持低衰减，适当放置的零色散和切断的有利的光波导特性 在预选波长范围内的波长，低，正的总色散以及低色散斜率。
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公开(公告)号：US06211962B1
公开(公告)日：2001-04-03
申请号：US09284371
申请日：1999-04-14
申请人： Daniel A. Nolan
发明人： Daniel A. Nolan
IPC分类号： G01B902
CPC分类号： G01M11/083 , G01D5/344 , G01D5/35383 , G01J4/00 , G01K11/32 , G02B6/105
摘要： A distributed sensor (10) includes a plurality of stages (24, 28, 32, 36, 40) connected in series, each stage incorporating a length of polarization maintaining fiber (12) exposed to a phenomena such as mechanical deformation or temperature to be sensed. Inter-mode couplers are provided between the sensing fibers (26, 30, 34, 38) of the various stages. The overall transfer function of the device at a plurality of wavelengths is deconvoluted to determine the birefringence of each sensing region and does monitor plural phenomena independently of one another.
摘要翻译： 分布式传感器（10）包括串联连接的多个级（24,28,32,36,40），每级包括暴露于诸如机械变形或温度等现象的一段偏振保持光纤（12） 感觉到。 在各级的感测光纤（26,30,34,38）之间提供了模式间耦合器。 在多个波长处的器件的整体传递函数被去卷积以确定每个感测区域的双折射，并且彼此独立地监视多个现象。
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公开(公告)号：US6088494A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-11
申请号：US290143
申请日：1999-04-13
CPC分类号： G02B6/29352
摘要： A Mach-Zehnder filter is provided with a strongly aperiodic transfer function including a broad, sharply defined pass band. The filter can be used in conjunction with optical amplifiers.
摘要翻译： Mach-Zehnder滤波器具有强非周期性的传递函数，包括一个宽而清晰的通带。 滤波器可以与光放大器配合使用。
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公开(公告)号：US5946432A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-31
申请号：US981169
申请日：1997-12-11
CPC分类号： G02B6/29355
摘要： A Mach-Zehnder filter is provided with a strongly aperiodic transfer function including a broad, sharply defined pass band. The filter can be used in conjunction with optical amplifiers.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / US97 / 06002 Sec。 371 1997年12月11日第 102（e）日期1997年12月11日PCT 1997年4月11日PCT PCT。 出版物WO97 / 39368 日期1997年10月23日Mach-Zehnder滤波器具有非常非周期性的传递函数，包括一个宽而清晰的通带。 滤波器可以与光放大器配合使用。
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公开(公告)号：US5703975A
公开(公告)日：1997-12-30
申请号：US672188
申请日：1996-06-27
申请人： William J. Miller , Daniel A. Nolan
发明人： William J. Miller , Daniel A. Nolan
IPC分类号： G02B6/122 , G02B6/12 , G02B6/26 , G02B6/28 , G02B6/287 , G02B6/34 , G02F1/313 , G02F1/35 , G02F1/365
CPC分类号： G02F1/3517 , G02F1/3136 , G02B2006/12145 , G02B6/2835 , G02B6/29352 , G02F1/3131
摘要： A compact monolithic interferometric switch such as a Mach-Zehnder switch is formed such that one of the waveguide paths between the input and output couplers contains a material having exhibits a resonant nonlinearity, whereby its refractive index changes when pump power propagates through it. Each of the waveguide paths has a different propagation constant whereby signal light is subjected to a different delay in each path when no pump power is propagating through the rare nonlinear path. An input signal applied to the input of the switch appears at a first output terminal when the pump power does not propagate through the nonlinear path, and it appears at a second output terminal when the pump power is applied to the nonlinear path. Switching occurs at relatively low levels of pump power.
摘要翻译： 形成诸如Mach-Zehnder开关的紧凑型单片干涉式开关，使得输入和输出耦合器之间的一条波导路径包含具有共振非线性的材料，由此当泵浦功率传播通过其时，其折射率改变。 每个波导路径具有不同的传播常数，由此当没有泵功率传播通过罕见的非线性路径时，信号光在每个路径中经受不同的延迟。 当泵浦功率不通过非线性路径时，施加到开关输入端的输入信号出现在第一输出端子处，并且当泵浦功率被施加到非线性路径时，其出现在第二输出端子处。 切换发生在泵功率相对较低的水平。
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公开(公告)号：US4877300A
公开(公告)日：1989-10-31
申请号：US261270
申请日：1988-10-24
CPC分类号： G02B6/4202 , G02B6/262
摘要： Disclosed is a mode field modifier which can be used in a fiber-to-fiber connector or a source-to-fiber connector. In a downtaper-type mode field modifier embodiment, the modifier comprises a modifier core of refractive index n.sub.1 surrounded by first and second cladding layers having refractive indices n.sub.2 and n.sub.3, respectively. In an uptaper-type mode field modifier embodiment, the modifier comprises a modifier core of refractive index n.sub.1 surrounded by a cladding layer having a refractive index n.sub.2. The refractive indices are such that n.sub.1 >n.sub.2 >n.sub.3. In both embodiments, there is a nonadiabatic taper intermediate the ends of the mode field modifier, whereby a substantial amount of mode coupling occurs therein.
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公开(公告)号：US4763976A
公开(公告)日：1988-08-16
申请号：US52281
申请日：1987-05-21
CPC分类号： G02B6/3859 , G02B6/262 , G02B6/3855 , G02B6/4202
摘要： Disclosed is a mode field modifier for use with an optical fiber having a core and a cladding of outside diameter d. The modifier comprises a modifier core having a refractive index n.sub.1. Surrounding the modifier core is first cladding layer having a refractive index n.sub.2 that is less n.sub.1. On the surface of the first cladding layer is a second cladding layer having a refractive index n.sub.3 which is less than n.sub.2. The modifier is tapered intermediate its ends whereby it has a large diameter end and a small diameter end. The diameters of at least the core and first cladding layer at the large diameter end are greater than the corresponding diameters at the small end. The diameter D.sub.1 of the first cladding layer at the large diameter end is greater than d. An axially disposed hole in the large diameter end receives a fiber which is held in such alignment with the mode field modifier that it is in light coupling relationship with the modifier core. The mode field of a signal coupled from the fiber to the mode field modifier expands as it propagates though the tapered portion of the modifier to the small diameter end. An in-line coupler between two optical fibers is effected by connecting together in axial alignment two such mode field modifiers with their small diameter ends adjacent one another.
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