摘要:
The instant invention is directed to the preparation of glass articles exhibiting excellent polarization in the infrared portion of the spectrum from glasses characterized as containing silver halide particles therein selected from the group of AgCl, AgBr, AgI. The inventive method comprises four general steps:(a) a batch for a glass containing silver and at least one halide selected from the group of chloride, bromide, and iodide is melted and the melt shaped into a glass body of a desired geometry;(b) the glass body is subjected to a heat treatment at least above the strain point but not in excess of 50.degree. C. above the softening point of the glass for a period of time adequate to cause the generation of AgCl and/or AgBr and/or AgI particles therein, said particles ranging in size between 200-5000 .ANG.;(c) the glass body is elongated under stress at temperatures above the annealing point, but below that where said glass exhibits a viscosity of about 10.sup.8 poises, such that the particles are elongated to an aspect ratio of at least 5:1; and(d) the elongated glass body is exposed to a reducing environment at temperatures between 250.degree. C. and about 25.degree. above the annealing point of the glass to reduce the silver halide particles in the glass to metallic silver which is deposited in and/or upon the elongated particles.
摘要:
The instant invention is concerned with transparent photochromic glass compositions which not only exhibit desirably rapid darkening and fading characteristics, but which also demonstrate the other physical and optical properties required for use in ophthalmic applications. Such glasses utilize the presence of silver chloride and/or silver bromide crystals to impart photochromic behavior in a narrowly-defined composition range within the alkali metal aluminoborosilicate base system. Copper ions are also included in the composition to perform as a sensitizing agent. The glasses have the capability of being either thermally tempered or chemically strengthened to comply with the United States Food and Drug Administration regulations for lenses used in ophthalmic applications. Improved independence of temperature effects upon the photochromic properties can be achieved where the copper level, expressed as CuO, is maintained between about 0.004-0.02% by weight, the chloride value, expressed as Cl, is held between about 0.1-0.25% by weight, the silver content, expressed as Ag, is included between about 0.15-0.3% by weight, and the quantity of bromide, expressed as Br, is varied between about 0.1-0.2% by weight. The fading rate of the glasses is enhanced by maintaining the molar ratio of alkali metal oxides to B.sub.2 O.sub.3 between about 0.55-0.85, the molar ratio of alkali metal oxides minus Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 to B.sub.2 O.sub.3 is about 0.25-0.4, and the weight ratio Ag:(Cl+Br) is about 0.65-0.95.
摘要翻译:本发明涉及透明光致变色玻璃组合物,其不仅表现出期望的快速变暗和褪色特性,而且还显示了用于眼科应用所需的其它物理和光学性质。 这种玻璃利用氯化银和/或溴化银晶体的存在,以在碱金属铝硼硅酸盐基体系内的窄范围的组成范围内赋予光致变色行为。 铜离子也包括在组合物中以用作敏化剂。 眼镜具有热回火或化学强化的能力,以符合美国食品和药物管理局对眼科应用中使用的镜片的规定。 可以实现温度对光致变色性能的独立性,其中以CuO表示的铜含量维持在约0.004-0.02重量%之间,氯化物值(以Cl表示)保持在约0.1-0.25重量% ,以Ag表示的银含量在约0.15-0.3重量%之间,以Br表示的溴的量在约0.1-0.2重量%之间变化。 通过将碱金属氧化物与B 2 O 3的摩尔比保持在约0.55-0.85之间,碱金属氧化物减去Al 2 O 3与B 2 O 3的摩尔比为约0.25-0.4,并且重量比Ag Cl + Br)为约0.65-0.95。
摘要:
Silver-free, cadmium-free, copper halide-based alkali aluminoborosilicate glasses exhibiting good optical clarity and good photochromic darkening and fading are provided by controlling the alkali, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and B.sub.2 O.sub.3 concentrations in the base glass and/or adding MoO.sub.3 or WO.sub.3 thereto.
摘要翻译:通过控制基底玻璃中的碱,Al 2 O 3和B 2 O 3浓度和/或向其中添加MoO 3或WO 3,提供了具有良好光学透明度和良好的光致变色变暗和褪色的无银,无卤素,卤化铜基碱性铝硼硅酸盐玻璃。
摘要:
The invention is directed to a glass composition and articles made from the composition that are both polarizing and photorefractive. The glass has, for example, a composition consisting essentially of, in weight percent (“wt. %”) of 70-73 SiO2, 13-17% B2O3, 8-10% Na2O, 2-4% Al2O3, 0.005-0.1% CuO,
摘要翻译:本发明涉及一种玻璃组合物和由该组合物制成的物镜,它们均为偏振光和光折射。 玻璃具有例如基本上由70-73SiO 2,13-17%B 2 O 3,8-10%Na 2 O,2-4%Al 2 O 3,0.005-0.1重量百分比(“wt%”)组成的组合物 %CuO,<0.4%Cl,0.1-0.5%Ag,0.1-0.3%Br。 在另一个实施方案中,组合物基本上由70-77%SiO 2,13-18%B 2 O 3,8-10%Na 2 O,2-4%Al 2 O 3,0.005-0.1%CuO,0.4%Cl,0.1-0.5%Ag,0.1 -0.3%Br。 该玻璃可用于制造在单个元件或制品内既能表现光折射效应又具有偏光效果的制品或元件,并且可用于制造各种光学元件,包括布拉格光栅,滤光元件和光束成形元件,以及 用于显示,安全,防御,计量,成像和通信应用的光采集元件。
摘要:
Chemically-strengthenable silver halide-containing lithium boroaluminosilicate glass compositions having physical and chemical characteristics required for sheet drawing processes and exhibiting excellent photochromic properties after heat treatment, and also strengthened photochromic drawn sheet glass articles provided therefrom, are described.
摘要:
The instant invention is related to the manufacture of photochromic glasses having base compositions within a very narrow interval of the alkali metal boroaluminosilicate system wherein silver chloride and/or silver bromide crystals impart photochromic properties. The glasses are notable for their rapid fading characteristics and relatively low temperature dependence of darkening. The compositions are especially suitable for a production process which contemplates simultaneously shaping articles from glass sheet and developing photochromic properties therein.
摘要:
The invention is directed to a glass composition and articles made from the composition that are both polarizing and photorefractive. The glass has, for example, a composition consisting essentially of, in weight percent (“wt. %”) of 70-73 SiO2, 13-17% B2O3, 8-10% Na2O, 2-4% Al2O3, 0.005-0.1% CuO,
摘要翻译:本发明涉及一种玻璃组合物和由该组合物制成的物镜,它们均为偏振光和光折射。 玻璃具有例如基本上由70-73SiO 2,13-17%B 2 O 3,8-10%Na 2 O,2-4%Al 2 O 3,0.005-0.1重量百分比(“wt%”)组成的组合物 %CuO,<0.4%Cl,0.1-0.5%Ag,0.1-0.3%Br。 在另一个实施方案中,组合物基本上由70-77%SiO 2,13-18%B 2 O 3,8-10%Na 2 O,2-4%Al 2 O 3,0.005-0.1%CuO,0.4%Cl,0.1-0.5%Ag,0.1 -0.3%Br。 该玻璃可用于制造在单个元件或制品内既能表现光折射效应又具有偏光效果的制品或元件,并且可用于制造各种光学元件,包括布拉格光栅,滤光元件和光束成形元件,以及 用于显示,安全,防御,计量,成像和通信应用的光采集元件。
摘要:
The invention is directed to a glass composition and articles made from the composition that are both polarizing and photorefractive. The glass has, for example, a composition consisting essentially of, in weight percent (“wt. %”) of 70-73 SiO2, 13-17% B2O3, 8-10% Na2O, 2-4% Al2O3, 0.005-0.1% CuO,
摘要翻译:本发明涉及一种玻璃组合物和由该组合物制成的物镜,它们均为偏振光和光折射。 玻璃具有例如基本上由70-73SiO 2,13-17%B 2 O 3,8-10%Na 2 O,2-4%Al 2 O 3,0.005-0.1重量百分比(“wt%”)组成的组合物 %CuO,<0.4%Cl,0.1-0.5%Ag,0.1-0.3%Br。 在另一个实施方案中,组合物基本上由70-77%SiO 2,13-18%B 2 O 3,8-10%Na 2 O,2-4%Al 2 O 3,0.005-0.1%CuO,0.4%Cl,0.1-0.5%Ag,0.1 -0.3%Br。 该玻璃可用于制造在单个元件或制品内既能表现光折射效应又具有偏光效果的制品或元件,并且可用于制造各种光学元件,包括布拉格光栅,滤光元件和光束成形元件,以及 用于显示,安全,防御,计量,成像和通信应用的光采集元件。
摘要:
The invention relates to fused silica having low compaction under high energy irradiation, particularly adaptable for use in photolithography applications.
摘要:
The invention is directed to a glass composition and articles made from the composition that are both polarizing and photorefractive. The glass has, for example, a composition consisting essentially of, in weight percent (“wt. %”) of 70-73 SiO2, 13-17% B2O3, 8-10% Na2O, 2-4% Al2O3, 0.005-0.1% CuO,
摘要翻译:本发明涉及一种玻璃组合物和由该组合物制成的物镜,它们均为偏振光和光折射。 玻璃具有例如基本上由70-73SiO 2,13-17%B 2 O 3,8-10%Na 2 O,2-4%Al 2 O 3,0.005-0.1重量百分比(“wt%”)组成的组合物 %CuO,<0.4%Cl,0.1-0.5%Ag,0.1-0.3%Br。 在另一个实施方案中,组合物基本上由70-77%SiO 2,13-18%B 2 O 3,8-10%Na 2 O,2-4%Al 2 O 3,0.005-0.1%CuO,0.4%Cl,0.1-0.5%Ag,0.1 -0.3%Br。 该玻璃可用于制造在单个元件或制品内既能表现光折射效应又具有偏光效果的制品或元件,并且可用于制造各种光学元件,包括布拉格光栅,滤光元件和光束成形元件,以及 用于显示,安全,防御,计量,成像和通信应用的光采集元件。