Abstract:
A diagnosis system for a plant, in particular for a power station plant, such as for a turbo-generator of a steam turbine plant, having a number of interacting plant parts, includes a module being associated with the plant parts for on-line acquisition of measured values and for controlling and processing the measured values. A data bus is connected to the module through interfaces for the transmission of plant-relevant measured values. A coupling module is connected to the data bus for requesting and passing on measured values. An administration module is connected to the coupling module for distribution of the measured values. A number of analysis modules are connected to the administration module for content-dependent processing of the measured values and for outputting characteristics derived therefrom. A memory module is connected to the analysis modules for storing the characteristics from at least one of the analysis modules. A number of module-specific operator modules is connected to the memory module for obtaining the characteristics from the memory module.
Abstract:
The method and the data processing system of the invention monitor the operating states of a technical plant. The operating states of the technical plant are characterized with measured values measured or modeled at a lowest level of the system. The plant is monitored with the measured values and with technological knowledge relevant to the operation of the technical plant stored in a memory of the data processing system. First, the measured values are processed and converted into plant symptoms specific of the associated operating states. Next, a diagnosis of the operational state of the plant is established from the plant symptoms and a significance value is assigned to the diagnosis, or a significance value is first assigned to the plant symptom and the diagnosis is prepared therefrom. The assignment of the significance is based on the technological knowledge. The diagnostic information is thus rated before it is appropriately forwarded to the user surface.
Abstract:
For the correction of measurement errors, due to vibration, of coordinate measuring devices, the time course of the interfering vibrations is stored by means of sensors (a.sub.x, a.sub.y, a.sub.z) on a vibrating portion of the coordinate measuring device. The measured values of the sensors are adjusted with previously determined and stored correction parameters, which describe the natural frequency (.nu.) and the damping constants (.delta.) of the vibrations and also the amplitude and phase information of the characteristic modes (G.sub.r) of the vibrations contributing to the interfering vibrations. The measurement errors, due to vibration, of the coordinate measuring device at the instant of probing are then calculated from the time course of the corrected measurement values of the sensors (a.sub.x, a.sub.y, a.sub.z).
Abstract:
A housing for equipment in electrical systems, which is suitable for fastening to a wall or bottom surface, includes a substantially parallelepiped housing body. A bottom part is secured to the housing body and has an outer surface. A replaceable or interchangeable fastening adaptor is adapted to an intended type of wall or bottom fastening. Retaining elements, which are preferably of the same material, are formed on the outer surface of the bottom part for enabling the fastening adaptor to be slipped on.
Abstract:
The invention contemplates a technique to correct for measurement error which is attributable to gravitational sag of a probe head (6) mounted to a multiple-axis articulating head (2). To this end, a variable (b) is determined which describes the stiffness of the articulating head (2) and/or of a probe extension (5) mounted thereto, said variable being characteristic for the probe configuration in question and being entered into the memory of the computer of the coordinate-measuring machine. The sag B (.alpha., .beta.) which has differing values that depend on actual angular positions (.alpha., .beta.) is then calculated from these angular positions for each of the angular positions, and the calculated sag value is appropriately taken into account in computer-reporting of coordinate-measurement values made by the machine.Calibration of the articulating head in each of the various different angular positions is therefore unnecessary.
Abstract:
The invention contemplates use of a suction bell to enhance the loading with which a guided machine part is gravitationally supported on its guide. In application to a machine in which the machine part is movably supported on air bearings, the suction bell applies a preload force of magnitude to optimize the stiffness of air-bearing action and to maintain an air gap of uniform capillary thickness, free of mechanical contact between the machine part and its supporting surface.
Abstract:
The disclosure concerns a hydrodynamic control coupling with a primary drive vane wheel and a secondary driven vane wheel which together define a toroidal working chamber. Each vane wheel carries an array of vanes on its interior which extend toward the vanes of the other vane wheel. The vanes of the vane wheels are inclinded with respect to the axis of the coupling, yet each is oriented parallel to a respective radius of the coupling. Furthermore, the vanes on each of the vane wheels are inclined to extend toward the vanes on the other wheel. There is a working fluid inlet to the working chamber. A working fluid outlet from the working chamber is through the secondary, driven vane wheel and is via a plurality of bores extending tangentially toward the axis of the coupling. An overflow valve communicates with the outlet from the working chamber. Upon the rotary speed of the primary vane wheel increasing rapidly, the overflow valve reacts by opening more widely, reducing the filling level in the coupling. A temperature sensor may be connected with the overflow valve for operating the overflow valve so it is dependent upon the temperature sensed by the sensor. The temperature sensor may be in the engine cooling circuit of an engine, and the coupling may drive a cooling fan for that circuit. The valve will control the torque of the coupling for desired cooling rotation of the fan, depending upon the sensed temperature of the engine cooling circuit.
Abstract:
A braking device for a valve controlled internal combustion engine for motor vehicles. Each cylinder has at least one exhaust valve, which is controllable for opening thereof by a camshaft having a main cam for moving operation and a supplementary cam which additionally becomes effective during braking operation. The supplementary cam is arranged in the plane of the main cam, and is capable of being lowered in the camshaft. The cam peak of the supplemental cam is arranged from 160.degree. to 200.degree. ahead of the main cam peak in the direction of rotation of the camshaft. The sides of the supplementary cam are embodied in such a way that upon reaching the upper dead center point, the exhaust valve associated therewith closes. The supplementary cam is capable of being actuated by a control shaft arranged in the rotational axis of the camshaft.
Abstract:
A preselection counter having a switch-off counter which is adapted to actuate a desired function when a quantity of this function determined by a preset value has been reached includes presettable indicating means having number rollers adapted to have the preset value set therein and to retain this setting through repeated cycles of operation of the switch-off counter. The presettable indicating means enable continuous display of the preset value during operation of the counter with the preset value being transferred from the number rollers of the switch-off counter by a sensing wheel mechanism which is operatively interposed therebetween and which may be repeatedly reset to the preset value on the preset counter after each cycle of operation of the switch-off counter without requiring changes in the preset value in the presettable indicating means.
Abstract:
Nickel complexes containing ortho- or para-hydroxybenzoate anions and a non-ionic amine ligand are valuable light-stabilizers for polymers, particularly for polyolefins. The complexes may also contain a second carboxylate anion, different from the benzoate anion, and in this case also the amine-free nickel compounds show a high stabilizing action.