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公开(公告)号：US08046413B2
公开(公告)日：2011-10-25
申请号：US11057591
申请日：2005-02-14
IPC分类号： G06F15/16
CPC分类号： G06F11/187 , G06F11/1683 , G06F2201/82
摘要： Synchronized devices comprising a distributed system attempt to agree on a compatible sequence of commands to execute. Each device in the distributed system may act as a proposer, acceptor, or a learner. Each proposer proposes a command for each device to execute. The acceptors either accept or reject the proposed commands. The learners keep track of the proposed commands and determine, using a transactional substrate, whether the acceptors have a accepted sequences of commands that commute with respect to one another. Once the learners have determined that a quorum of acceptors have accepted sequences of commands that commute with respect to one another the accepted commands are executed by each device in the distributed system.
摘要翻译： 包括分布式系统的同步设备尝试对要执行的命令的兼容序列达成一致。 分布式系统中的每个设备可以充当提议者，接受者或学习者。 每个提议者为每个设备提出一个命令来执行。 接受者接受或拒绝提出的命令。 学习者跟踪所提出的命令，并使用事务底层来确定接受者是否具有相互相互通信的接受的命令序列。 一旦学习者确定接受者的数量已经接受了相互之间通勤的命令序列，则接受的命令由分布式系统中的每个设备执行。
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公开(公告)号：US20100318786A1
公开(公告)日：2010-12-16
申请号：US12483338
申请日：2009-06-12
IPC分类号： H04L29/06
CPC分类号： H04L63/123 , H04L9/3247 , H04L29/06 , H04L2209/127
摘要： Techniques for utilizing trusted hardware components for mitigating the effects of equivocation amongst participant computing devices of a distributed system are described herein. For instance, a distributed system employing a byzantine-fault-resilient protocol—that is, a protocol intended to mitigate (e.g., tolerate, detect, isolate, etc.) the effects of byzantine faults—may employ the techniques. To do so, the techniques may utilize a trusted hardware component comprising a non-decreasing counter and a key. This hardware component may be “trusted” in that the respective participant computing device cannot modify or observe the contents of the component in any manner other than according to the prescribed procedures, as described herein. Furthermore, the trusted hardware component may couple to the participant computing device in any suitable manner, such as via a universal serial bus (USB) connection or the like.
摘要翻译： 在此描述了利用可信硬件组件来减轻分布式系统的参与者计算设备之间的混淆效应的技术。 例如，采用拜占庭故障弹性协议的分布式系统 - 即旨在减轻（例如，容忍，检测，隔离等）拜占庭故障的影响的协议 - 可以采用这些技术。 为了这样做，这些技术可以利用包括非递减计数器和密钥的可信硬件组件。 该硬件组件可能是“可信赖的”，因为如本文所述，相应的参与者计算设备不能以除了根据规定的过程之外的任何方式修改或观察组件的内容。 此外，可信硬件组件可以以任何合适的方式，例如经由通用串行总线（USB）连接等耦合到参与者计算设备。
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23.发明授权Reducing bandwidth requirements for peer-to-peer gaming based on importance of remote objects to a local player 有权根据远程对象对本地播放器的重要性，降低对等游戏的带宽需求公开(公告)号：US07627632B2
公开(公告)日：2009-12-01
申请号：US11559338
申请日：2006-11-13
CPC分类号： A63F13/34 , A63F13/12 , A63F13/67 , A63F2300/407 , A63F2300/408 , A63F2300/6027 , H04L67/104 , H04L67/1059 , H04L67/30 , H04L67/38
摘要： Techniques enable the reduction of bandwidth requirements for peer-to-peer gaming architectures. In some embodiments, these techniques allow differentiation among players to decide which players should receive continuous updates and which should receive periodic updates. For those gaming systems receiving periodic updates, guided artificial intelligence is employed to simulate activity of a game object based on guidance provided by the periodic updates. Conversely, for those gaming systems receiving continuous updates, the continuous updates may be employed to update the activity of the game object rather than simulating the activity.
摘要翻译： 技术可以减少对等游戏体系结构的带宽需求。 在一些实施例中，这些技术允许玩家之间的区分，以决定哪些玩家应该接收连续的更新，哪些玩家应该接收周期性的更新。 对于接收定期更新的那些游戏系统，采用引导人工智能来基于定期更新提供的指导来模拟游戏对象的活动。 相反，对于接收连续更新的那些游戏系统，可以采用连续更新来更新游戏对象的活动，而不是模拟活动。
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24.发明授权Coercion resistant one-time-pad cryptosystem that facilitates transmission of messages having different levels of security 失效有助于传输具有不同安全级别的消息的强制一次性密码密码系统
公开(公告)号：US6021203A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-01
申请号：US763333
申请日：1996-12-11
IPC分类号： H04L9/00
CPC分类号： H04L9/0656
摘要： A protocol is provided for transmitting low security messages and high security messages with one-time-pad cryptosystem. In one implementation of the present invention, low security messages are encrypted using random bit strings in accordance with a one-time-pad encryption scheme. A high security message and a decoy message are embedded within a set of encryption keys and cyphertexts that is to be transmitted from a sender to a receiver. The encryption keys are transmitted over a secure channel from the sender to the receiver, and the cyphertexts are transmitted over a publicly accessible channel from the sender to the receiver. The receiver uses the encryption keys and knowledge regarding keys for a high security message and a decoy message to decrypt the low security messages, extract the high security message and/or decoy message, and decrypt the high security message and/or decoy message. The provision of the decoy message is revealed when duress is applied to coerce the receiver into revealing the key for a supposedly high security message.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于传输低安全性消息和高安全性消息与一次性密码密码系统的协议。 在本发明的一个实现中，根据一次性加密方案，使用随机比特串来加密低安全性消息。 一个高安全性消息和诱饵消息嵌入在一组加密密钥和从发送方发送到接收方的密码文件夹中。 加密密钥通过安全信道从发送方发送到接收方，并且密码文件通过公开可访问的信道从发送方发送到接收方。 接收机使用关于密钥的加密密钥和知识用于高安全性消息和诱饵消息来解密低安全性消息，提取高安全性消息和/或诱骗消息，以及解密高安全性消息和/或诱骗消息。 当胁迫应用于胁迫接收者以揭示所谓的高安全性消息的密钥时，揭示诱饵消息的提供。
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公开(公告)号：US08209741B2
公开(公告)日：2012-06-26
申请号：US11856362
申请日：2007-09-17
IPC分类号： G06F7/04
CPC分类号： G06F21/36 , G06F2221/2133
摘要： A system and method that facilitates and effectuates distinguishing a human from a non-human user. A human interactive proof (HIP) employs a partial credit algorithm in order to allow a user to make one or more mistakes during consecutive HIP challenges and still be identified as a human. The algorithm assigns a user partial credit based upon getting part of the challenge incorrect. The partial credit is tracked and if during one or more consecutive subsequent challenges the same user gets a portion of the challenge incorrect again, they can still be identified as human.
摘要翻译： 促进和实现将人与非人类用户区分开的系统和方法。 人类交互式证明（HIP）采用部分信用算法，以允许用户在连续的HIP挑战期间发生一个或多个错误，并且仍然被识别为人。 该算法基于获得部分挑战而分配用户部分信用不正确。 跟踪部分功劳，如果在一个或多个连续的后续挑战中，同一用户再次获得挑战的一部分不正确，则仍然可以将其识别为人。
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公开(公告)号：US20120137167A1
公开(公告)日：2012-05-31
申请号：US12956342
申请日：2010-11-30
申请人： Garrett Leischner , Andrew J. Lagattuta , Matthew Jeremiah Eason , Landy Wang , John R. Douceur , Baskar Sridharan , Edmund B. Nightingale
发明人： Garrett Leischner , Andrew J. Lagattuta , Matthew Jeremiah Eason , Landy Wang , John R. Douceur , Baskar Sridharan , Edmund B. Nightingale
CPC分类号： G06F11/0793 , G06F11/073 , G11C29/04 , G11C29/42 , G11C29/44 , G11C29/76 , G11C2029/0409
摘要： A system and method for mitigating memory errors in a computer system. Faulty memory is identified and tested by a memory manager of an operating system. The memory manager may perform diagnostic tests while the operating system is executing on the computer system. Regions of memory that are being used by software components of the computer system may also be tested. The memory manager maintains a stored information about faulty memory regions. Regions are added to the stored information when they are determined to be faulty by a diagnostic test tool. Memory regions are allocated to software components by the memory manager after checking the stored information about faulty memory regions. This ensures a faulty memory region is never allocated to a software component of the computer system.
摘要翻译： 用于减轻计算机系统中的内存错误的系统和方法。 存储器故障由操作系统的存储器管理器识别和测试。 内存管理器可以在计算机系统上执行操作系统时执行诊断测试。 计算机系统的软件组件正在使用的内存区域也可以被测试。 存储器管理器维护有关存储器区域的存储信息。 当诊断测试工具被确定为故障时，将区域添加到存储的信息中。 在检查存储的有关存储器区域的信息之后，存储器管理器将内存区域分配给软件组件。 这确保了错误的存储器区域从不分配给计算机系统的软件组件。
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27.发明授权公开(公告)号：US08104070B2
公开(公告)日：2012-01-24
申请号：US11856371
申请日：2007-09-17
IPC分类号： G06F7/04
摘要： A system and method that facilitates and effectuates distinguishing a human from a non-human user. A human interactive proof (HIP) employs images from a large private database of manually categorized images to display as part of a Turing test challenge. The private database contains a sufficient quantity of images, such that the more economical manner to pass the HIP is to employ a human to take the challenge. The owner of the private database makes the database available to the presenter of the HIP due to an alignment of interests between both parties. The HIP is displayed with ads on behalf of the owner of the private database and the presenter of the HIP gains access to a large quantity of private manually categorized images.
摘要翻译： 促进和实现将人与非人类用户区分开的系统和方法。 人类交互式证明（HIP）使用来自手动分类图像的大型私人数据库的图像作为图灵测试挑战的一部分显示。 私人数据库包含足够数量的图像，以便通过HIP的更经济的方式是采用人类来应对挑战。 由于双方之间的利益一致，私人数据库的所有者使数据库可供HIP主持人使用。 HIP与私人数据库的所有者一起显示广告，并且HIP的主持人可以访问大量私人手动分类的图像。
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公开(公告)号：US07868786B2
公开(公告)日：2011-01-11
申请号：US10968861
申请日：2004-10-19
申请人： Kentaro Toyama , Ramaswamy Hariharan , Ross G. Cutler , John R. Douceur , Nuria M. Oliver , Eric K. Ringger , Daniel C. Robbins , Matthew T. Uyttendaele
发明人： Kentaro Toyama , Ramaswamy Hariharan , Ross G. Cutler , John R. Douceur , Nuria M. Oliver , Eric K. Ringger , Daniel C. Robbins , Matthew T. Uyttendaele
IPC分类号： G08G1/123
CPC分类号： G06Q30/02
摘要： A location history is a collection of locations over time for an object. A stay is a single instance of an object spending some time in one place, and a destination is any place where one or more objects have experienced a stay. Location histories are parsed using stays and destinations. In a described implementation, each location of a location history is recorded as a spatial position and a corresponding time at which the spatial position is acquired. Stays are extracted from a location history by analyzing locations thereof with regard to a temporal threshold and a spatial threshold. Specifically, two or more locations are considered a stay if they exceed a minimum stay duration and are within a maximum roaming distance. Each stay includes a location, a starting time, and an ending time. Destinations are produced from the extracted stays using a clustering operation and a predetermined scaling factor.
摘要翻译： 位置历史记录是对象的一段时间内的位置集合。 逗留是在一个地方花费一些时间的对象的单个实例，目的地是一个或多个对象经历了逗留的任何地方。 使用停留和目的地解析位置历史记录。 在描述的实现中，将位置历史的每个位置记录为空间位置和获取空间位置的对应时间。 通过相对于时间阈值和空间阈值分析其位置，从位置历史中提取静止。 具体来说，如果两个或多个位置超过最小停留持续时间并处于最大漫游距离内，则将其视为停留。 每个住宿包括一个位置，一个起始时间和一个结束时间。 使用聚类操作和预定缩放因子从所提取的逗留中产生目的地。
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29.发明授权Method and system for regulating background tasks using performance measurements 有权使用性能测量来调整后台任务的方法和系统公开(公告)号：US07716672B2
公开(公告)日：2010-05-11
申请号：US11009655
申请日：2004-12-10
IPC分类号： G06F9/46
CPC分类号： G06F9/4881
摘要： A method and system for regulating tasks of background processes so as to reduce interference with foreground processes. The progress rate of a background task (e.g., amount of work performed per unit time) is measured and evaluated against a target amount. If the progress rate appears degraded, the background task is suspended for a computed time interval so as to back off from its interference with a foreground process. Each time the progress rate appears degraded, the time interval is exponentially increased from its previous value up to a maximum, however if the performance appears normal, the time interval is reset to a minimum. Evaluation of the work is statistically based so as to eliminate variations in measurements, and automatic calibration of the target amount is provided, as is a mechanism for prioritizing multiple background tasks.
摘要翻译： 一种用于调整后台进程任务的方法和系统，以减少对前台进程的干扰。 根据目标量测量和评估后台任务的进度（例如，每单位时间执行的工作量）。 如果进度速率出现降级，则后台任务将暂停计算的时间间隔，以避免其与前台进程的干扰。 每次进度出现退化时，时间间隔从先前的值到最大值都呈指数级增长，但是如果性能出现正常，则时间间隔被重置为最小值。 工作的评估是统计学的，以便消除测量中的变化，并且提供目标量的自动校准，以及用于优先考虑多个后台任务的机制。
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公开(公告)号：US20090216903A1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-27
申请号：US12035652
申请日：2008-02-22
IPC分类号： G06F15/16
CPC分类号： H04L29/12132 , H04L29/12066 , H04L29/12301 , H04L29/12811 , H04L61/1511 , H04L61/1552 , H04L61/2076 , H04L61/6009
摘要： Domain name caching mechanisms are provided to address cache-defeating approaches. Domain name lookup requests are processed and cached information associated with a non-identical domain name returned in response. Cache-defeating behavior including nonce injection can be detected or inferred and employed to map domain name requests to previously cached information thereby exposing the benefits of caching.
摘要翻译： 提供域名缓存机制来解决缓存失败的方法。 处理域名查找请求并与响应中返回的不相同的域名相关联的缓存信息。 可以检测或推断使用缓存消除行为，包括随机数注入，以将域名请求映射到先前缓存的信息，从而暴露缓存的好处。
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