公开(公告)号：US06439066B1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-27

申请号：US09186773

申请日：1998-11-05

Applicant: Peter Norton

Inventor： Peter Norton

IPC: G01L302

CPC classification number: G01L3/102 ,  G01L3/103 ,  G01L5/221

Abstract: A sensor for sensing torque applied to a shaft such as the steering wheel shaft of a vehicle has a magnetostrictive sleeve and a sensing element responsive to torsional strain in the magnetostrictive sleeve. Each end of the magnetostrictive sleeve is torsionally engaged to a shear leveling member. Each shear leveling member has a region of varying torsional stiffness and a flared end. Each shear leveling member is bonded to the shaft by adhesive at its region of varying torsional stiffness and at its flared end. The regions of varying torsional stiffness and flared ends operate to level the shear stress in the adhesive resulting in uniform shear stress without peaks throughout the adhesive bond. With uniform adhesive shear stress, the maximum torque the adhesive can transmit is limited only by the yield torque of the shaft and the area of adhesive bond. The area of adhesive bond can be increased without limit by increasing the length of the shear leveling member thereby making the yield torque of the shaft the only limit to the torque transmitted. In one embodiment a stack of washers provides radial forces to stabilize the surface of the magnetostrictive sleeve without applying torque to the sleeve. The response of the sensor is made independent of angular position by providing a circularly symmetric sensing element located on the axis of rotation of the sleeve.

Abstract translation: 用于感测施加到诸如车辆的方向盘轴的轴的扭矩的传感器具有响应于磁致伸缩套管中的扭转应变的磁致伸缩套筒和感测元件。 磁致伸缩套管的每个端部扭转地接合到剪切调平构件。 每个剪切调平构件具有变化的扭转刚度和扩张端的区域。 每个剪切调平构件通过粘合剂在其变化的扭转刚度区域和其扩口端处与轴接合。 具有变化的扭转刚度和扩张端的区域操作以使粘合剂中的剪切应力达到平衡，导致在整个粘合剂粘结中没有峰的均匀的剪切应力。 具有均匀的粘合剪切应力，粘合剂可以传递的最大扭矩仅受到轴的屈服扭矩和粘合剂粘合面积的限制。 可以通过增加剪切调平构件的长度而无限制地增加粘合区域，从而使轴的屈服扭矩成为所传递扭矩的唯一限制。 在一个实施例中，一堆垫圈提供径向力以稳定磁致伸缩套筒的表面，而不向套筒施加扭矩。 传感器的响应通过提供位于套筒的旋转轴线上的圆形对称的传感元件而与角位置无关。

公开(公告)号：US5875765A

公开(公告)日：1999-03-02

申请号：US674175

申请日：1996-07-01

Applicant: Peter Norton

Inventor： Peter Norton

IPC: F02M25/08 ,  F02M37/04

CPC classification number: F02M25/0854

Abstract: A canister contains two cartridges of activated carbon for storing fuel in gasoline powered motor vehicles. A first cartridge operates to adsorb gasoline vapor produced in the fuel tank while the vehicle is not operating. The second cartridge operates to adsorb gasoline vapor from the fuel tank. Vacuum from the intake manifold or a vacuum pump draws fuel saturated air from the fuel tank and through the second cartridge thereby charging it with adsorbed fuel. Charging is terminated when fuel passes through the second cartridge without being adsorbed. Much or most of the fuel adsorbed is the lightest and most volatile fraction of the gasoline which is usually butane. Fuel vapor from both cartridges is combined with air to fuel the vehicle on initial startup thereby providing vaporized fuel to the vehicle engine and purging both cartridges of fuel. An air-fuel ratio sensor and a fuel vapor sensor are jointly achieved by comparing the transit time of sound in two chambers, one containing air and the other containing a mixture of air and fuel. The air-fuel ratio sensor measures the ratio of air to fuel provided to the engine during initial startup. The fuel vapor sensor senses the onset of vapor passage during charging of the second cartridge. The ratio of air to fuel provided to the engine during initial startup may also be ascertained by providing a mass flow sensor in the outlet of the fuel vapor source. During initial startup a valve controls flow of vapor from the canister to maintain a desired air-fuel ratio.

Abstract translation: 一个罐子包含两个用于在汽油动力汽车中储存燃料的活性炭盒。 第一筒操作以在车辆不运行时吸附在燃料箱中产生的汽油蒸气。 第二筒操作以吸附来自燃料箱的汽油蒸气。 来自进气歧管或真空泵的真空吸入来自燃料箱的燃料饱和空气并通过第二筒，从而将吸附的燃料充满。 当燃料通过第二筒而不被吸附时，充电终止。 大多数或大部分吸附的燃料是通常为丁烷的汽油中最轻和最挥发的馏分。 来自两个筒的燃料蒸汽与空气相结合，以在初始起动时对车辆进行燃料化，从而将汽化燃料提供给车辆发动机并且清除两个燃料盒。 通过比较两个室中的声音的传播时间，一个包含空气和另一个包含空气和燃料的混合物来共同实现空燃比传感器和燃料蒸气传感器。 空燃比传感器测量在初始启动期间提供给发动机的空气与燃料的比率。 燃料蒸气传感器检测在第二盒的充电期间蒸汽通过的开始。 在初始启动期间提供给发动机的空气与燃料的比例也可以通过在燃料蒸气源的出口中提供质量流量传感器来确定。 在初始启动期间，阀门控制来自罐的蒸气流，以保持所需的空燃比。

公开(公告)号：US5856645A

公开(公告)日：1999-01-05

申请号：US468706

申请日：1995-06-06

Applicant: Peter Norton

Inventor： Peter Norton

IPC: B60R21/01 ,  G01P15/135 ,  G01P21/00 ,  H01H35/14

CPC classification number: H01H35/14 ,  G01P15/135 ,  G01P21/00 ,  B60R2021/01027

Abstract: A crash sensing switch for automotive vehicles has a cylindrical piston that moves sealingly in a tube during a crash to bridge a pair of contacts. Viscous flow of air through ducts creates pressures that resist movement of the piston. A venting valve may be incorporated in the piston to increase contact dwell. Impedance of the ducts may be adjusted during manufacture by blocking one or more of the ducts. The clearance between the piston and the tube limits air flow between the piston and the walls of the tube and provides aerodynamic lubrication between the piston and the tube during cross axis vibrations. A piston ring may assist in preventing air flow between the piston and the walls of the tube. There may be compensation for changes of air viscosity with temperature. One way to compensate is to make the contacts of thermostat metal which bends with temperature to change the distance the piston must move to bridge the contacts. Another way is to provide a valve incorporating thermostat metal which opens or closes certain ducts to compensate for changes of air viscosity with temperature. Compensation for variation of air viscosity with temperature may be provided at higher temperatures but not at lower temperatures. An injection molded cap includes connector pins to form an integral connector and hermetically seal the interior from the environment. Contact height setters may be incorporated into the cap to assure the desired piston movement for switch closure. Calibration may be done at manufacture by adjusting the piston movement required for switch closure. The combination of these elements provides a crash sensing switch having superior performance and costing much less than known crash sensing switches.

Abstract translation: 用于机动车辆的碰撞感测开关具有圆柱形活塞，其在碰撞期间在管中密封移动以桥接一对触点。 空气通过管道的粘性流动产生抵抗活塞运动的压力。 排气阀可以结合在活塞中以增加接触停留。 通过堵塞一个或多个管道可以在制造过程中调节管道的阻抗。 活塞和管之间的间隙限制了活塞和管壁之间的空气流动，并且在横轴振动期间在活塞和管之间提供空气动力学润滑。 活塞环可以有助于防止活塞和管壁之间的空气流动。 空气粘度随温度变化可能会有所补偿。 一种补偿方法是使温度变化的恒温金属触点改变活塞必须移动的距离以桥接触点。 另一种方法是提供一种结合恒温金属的阀门，其开启或关闭某些管道以补偿空气粘度随温度的变化。 空气粘度随温度变化的补偿可以在较高温度下提供，但不能在较低温度下进行。 注射成型的盖包括连接器销，以形成一体的连接器并将内部与环境密封。 接触高度定位器可以并入盖中以确保用于开关闭合的期望的活塞运动。 校准可以通过调节开关闭合所需的活塞运动来制造。 这些元件的组合提供了碰撞感测开关，其具有比已知的碰撞感应开关更低的性能和成本。

公开(公告)号：US4932260A

公开(公告)日：1990-06-12

申请号：US211887

申请日：1988-06-27

Applicant: Peter Norton

Inventor： Peter Norton

IPC: B60R21/16 ,  B60R21/33 ,  G01P15/135 ,  H01H35/14

CPC classification number: B60R21/33 ,  G01P15/135 ,  H01H35/14

Abstract: A crash sensor for automobiles of the type including a sensing mass movable in a closed chamber against pressure resulting from viscous flow has a disk shaped sensing mass suspended by one or two webs like those used to suspend the moving elements of audio speakers. The web suspending the sensing mass allows the sensing mass free axial motion while resisting radial motion. Movement of the sensing mass is resisted by air pressure resulting from viscous flow of air through conduits. Compensation for variation of air viscosity with temperature is achieved by varying the travel of the sensing mass. The sensor design enables accurate automatic calibration. The unit is compact and is made from a small number of inexpensive parts. The combination of these elements provides a crash sensor that is insensitive to cross axis vibrations and costs much less than current production sensors.

Abstract translation: 用于汽车的碰撞传感器包括在密闭腔室中可移动的压力传感器，以抵抗由粘性流动引起的压力，其具有悬挂在一个或两个腹板上的盘形感测质量块，如用于悬挂音频扬声器的移动元件的腹板。 悬挂感测质量的纸幅允许感测质量自由的轴向运动同时抵抗径向运动。 感测质量的运动受到空气压力的影响，空气压力是由空气通过导管的流动引起的。 空气粘度随温度变化的补偿是通过改变感测质量块的行程实现的。 传感器设计可实现精确的自动校准。 该单元紧凑，由少量便宜的零件制成。 这些元件的组合提供了对交叉轴振动不敏感的碰撞传感器，并且比当前生产传感器的成本低得多。

公开(公告)号：US4915411A

公开(公告)日：1990-04-10

申请号：US148083

申请日：1988-01-25

Applicant: Peter Norton

Inventor： Peter Norton

IPC: G01P15/00 ,  B60R21/16 ,  B60R21/33 ,  F42C1/04 ,  G01P15/03

CPC classification number: F42C1/04 ,  B60R21/33 ,  G01P15/036

Abstract: A crash sensor for automobiles of the type including a ball moving against viscous damping in a closed cylinder for releasing a firing pin for initiating a pyrotechnic sequence has an improved release mechanism. When the ball moves a predetermined distance from its normal or resting position during an automobile crash a release mechanism releases a belleville spring maintained under stress. The belleville spring thereupon initiates movement of a firing pin towards a stab primer. The release mechanism is a single piece of spring material having multiple levers extending radially inward from a torsionally elastic ring, each lever having a detent and a pivot. The firing pin is mounted on and driven by a snap disk which is normally in its position of higher energy equilibrium and is released to go to its position of lower energy equilibrium by pressure applied by the belleville spring.

Abstract translation: 一种用于汽车的碰撞传感器，其包括在闭合气缸中抵抗粘性阻尼运动的球，用于释放用于启动烟火序列的击发销，具有改进的释放机构。 当汽车碰撞期间球从其正常或静止位置移动预定距离时，释放机构释放保持在应力下的贝氏弹簧。 贝尔维尔春天随后启动了一个射击针向一个刺脚底漆的运动。 释放机构是具有从扭转弹性环径向向内延伸的多个杆的单件弹簧材料，每个杠杆具有止动件和枢轴。 撞针安装在卡盘上并由卡盘驱动，卡盘通常处于较高能量平衡的位置，并通过由贝尔维尔弹簧施加的压力释放到其位于较低能量平衡的位置。

公开(公告)号：US4577716A

公开(公告)日：1986-03-25

申请号：US623203

申请日：1984-06-21

Applicant: Peter Norton

Inventor： Peter Norton

IPC: B62D5/04

CPC classification number: B62D5/0466 ,  B62D5/0415

Abstract: A power steering system for vehicles is disclosed using an electric servomotor. The servomotor is energized for power assist in executing turns and for reducing the drag of the servomotor during the return of the dirigible wheels to the straight ahead position. A torque transducer operatively coupled with the steering wheel shaft and the steering gear generates a torque signal corresponding to the torque applied by the driver to the steering wheel. A lost motion coupling is provided between the servomotor and the steering gear and a lost motion transducer is operatively coupled therewith to develop a signal corresponding to lost motion. The torque signal and the lost motion signal are combined differentially and the resultant signal is applied to the servo amplifier for energization of the servomotor. When the driver turns the steering wheel, the torque signal predominates and the servomotor is energized to provide power assist. When the driver releases the steering wheel, the torque signal drops to zero and the lost motion signal controls the energization of the servomotor to overcome its resistance to the return of the dirigible wheels to the straight ahead position. A second configuration provides a compact unit of cylindrical symmetry.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于车辆的动力转向系统，其使用电动伺服电动机。 伺服电机通电，用于在执行转弯时进行动力辅助，并且在将刚性轮子返回到直线前进位置期间减小伺服电动机的阻力。 与方向盘轴和转向齿轮可操作地联接的扭矩传感器产生对应于驾驶员向方向盘施加的转矩的转矩信号。 在伺服电动机和舵机之间提供了一个空转联动装置，并且一个空转传感器与其可操作地耦合以产生对应于失去动作的信号。 转矩信号和失速运动信号被差分地组合，并且将所得到的信号施加到伺服放大器以使伺服电机通电。 当驾驶员转动方向盘时，扭矩信号占主导地位，伺服电机通电以提供动力辅助。 当驾驶员释放方向盘时，转矩信号下降到零，而运动信号控制伺服电动机的通电，以克服其抵抗将刚性转向的车轮返回到直线前进位置的阻力。 第二种配置提供了圆柱对称的紧凑单元。

公开(公告)号：US4574928A

公开(公告)日：1986-03-11

申请号：US533443

申请日：1983-09-19

Applicant: Peter Norton

Inventor： Peter Norton

IPC: F16D43/02 ,  F16D41/04

CPC classification number: F16D43/02

Abstract: A mechanical coupling for a power steering system and the like having a driven member reversibly rotated by a servo-motor in response to either clockwise or counterclockwise rotation of a control member, with the coupling normally connecting the motor to the driven member through a drive transmitting member. In the event of any failure of the motor to rotate the driven member synchronously with the control member, as for example, due to an electrical power failure, rotation of the control member relative to the driven member causes the coupling to disconnect the drive transmitting member and thereby disconnect the motor from the driven member to prevent transmission of torque in the direction opposite to the torque applied by the control member and simultaneously mechanically couple the control member to the driven member for direct drive. During that time, the coupling continues to connect the drive transmitting member to the driven member for transmission of torque in the direction of the torque applied by the control member. An improved drive transmitting coupling is disclosed which comprises a lost motion connection between the control member and the driven member with first and second one-way clutches for coupling the driven member with the drive transmitting member. Each of the clutches includes a set of pivoted pawls mounted on the driven member for driving engagement with the drive transmitting member for driving the driven member in one direction and a set of actuating members mounted on the driven member for disengaging the respective pawls in response to rotation in the opposite direction of the control member relative to the driven member.

Abstract translation: 一种用于动力转向系统等的机械联轴器，其具有响应于控制构件的顺时针或逆时针旋转而由伺服电动机可逆地旋转的从动构件，其中联接器通过驱动传递将电动机正常地连接到从动构件 会员。 在电动机与控制构件同步地旋转从动构件的任何故障的情况下，例如由于电力故障，控制构件相对于从动构件的旋转使得联接器将驱动传递构件 从而将电动机与被驱动部件断开，以防止与由控制部件施加的扭矩相反的方向传递转矩，同时将控制部件机械地联接到被驱动部件，以进行直接驱动。 在此期间，联接器继续将驱动传递构件连接到从动构件，以沿由控制构件施加的扭矩的方向传递扭矩。 公开了一种改进的驱动传动联轴器，其包括用第一和第二单向离合器在控制构件和从动构件之间的空动连接，用于将从动构件与驱动传递构件联接。 每个离合器包括安装在从动构件上的一组枢转棘爪，用于驱动与一个方向驱动从动构件的驱动传递构件的接合，以及安装在从动构件上的一组致动构件，用于响应于 在控制构件相对于被驱动构件的相反方向旋转。

公开(公告)号：US20110241706A1

公开(公告)日：2011-10-06

申请号：US12755090

申请日：2010-04-06

Applicant: Peter Norton ,  Charley Abboud

Inventor： Peter Norton ,  Charley Abboud

IPC: G01R27/26

CPC classification number: G01N27/226

Abstract: A system for detecting fluid on a substrate is provided. The system includes, but is not limited to, a sensor board, a first capacitive sensor, and a platform upon which the substrate is to be placed. The first capacitive sensor is mounted on the sensor board. The first capacitive sensor has a transmit sensor pad for transmitting a signal, a receive sensor pad for receiving the signal, and an analog-to-digital convertor connected with the receive sensor pad for analyzing the received signal. The platform is a first distance from the transmit and receive sensor pads.

Abstract translation: 提供一种用于检测衬底上的流体的系统。 该系统包括但不限于传感器板，第一电容传感器以及放置基板的平台。 第一个电容式传感器安装在传感器板上。 第一电容传感器具有用于发送信号的发射传感器焊盘，用于接收信号的接收传感器焊盘以及与接收传感器焊盘连接的用于分析接收信号的模数转换器。 该平台距离发射和接收传感器焊盘的第一个距离。

公开(公告)号：US07612311B2

公开(公告)日：2009-11-03

申请号：US11561323

申请日：2006-11-17

Applicant: Peter Norton ,  John Distinti

Inventor： Peter Norton ,  John Distinti

IPC: H05B1/02

CPC classification number: G05B11/28

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling a heater to drive a load temperature to approximate a setpoint. At the beginning of each ½ AC cycle, a sigma delta modulation algorithm is computed to determine whether the AC cycle should be turned on or off. The running estimate of the past actual duty cycle is compared to the desired output duty cycle, and the difference between the two is used to adjust the next ½ cycle's output. This results in a pseudo-random pulse sequence output which does not contain significant periodic components that could cause undesirable small periodic thermal ‘ripples’ on the element being heated.

Abstract translation: 用于控制加热器以驱动负载温度以近似设定值的系统和方法。 在每个½AC周期的开始，计算一个Σ-Δ调制算法，以确定是否应该打开或关闭AC循环。 将过去实际占空比的运行估计与期望的输出占空比进行比较，两者之差用于调整下一个½周期的输出。 这导致伪随机脉冲序列输出，其不包含可能在被加热元件上引起不期望的小的周期性热“波纹”的显着的周期性分量。

公开(公告)号：US20080116180A1

公开(公告)日：2008-05-22

申请号：US11561323

申请日：2006-11-17

Applicant: Peter Norton ,  John Distinti

Inventor： Peter Norton ,  John Distinti

IPC: B23K9/00

CPC classification number: G05B11/28

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling a heater to drive a load temperature to approximate a setpoint. At the beginning of each ½ AC cycle, a sigma delta modulation algorithm is computed to determine whether the AC cycle should be turned on or off. The running estimate of the past actual duty cycle is compared to the desired output duty cycle, and the difference between the two is used to adjust the next ½ cycle's output. This results in a pseudo-random pulse sequence output which does not contain significant periodic components that could cause undesirable small periodic thermal ‘ripples’ on the element being heated.

Abstract translation: 用于控制加热器以驱动负载温度以近似设定值的系统和方法。 在每个½AC周期的开始，计算一个Σ-Δ调制算法，以确定是否应该打开或关闭AC循环。 将过去实际占空比的运行估计与期望的输出占空比进行比较，两者之差用于调整下一个½周期的输出。 这导致伪随机脉冲序列输出，其不包含可能在被加热元件上引起不期望的小的周期性热“波纹”的显着的周期性分量。