公开(公告)号：US20120117248A1

公开(公告)日：2012-05-10

申请号：US12942588

申请日：2010-11-09

Applicant: Brian Weis ,  Mahesh Jethanandani ,  Keyur Patel ,  Anantha Ramaiah

Inventor： Brian Weis ,  Mahesh Jethanandani ,  Keyur Patel ,  Anantha Ramaiah

IPC: G06F15/16

CPC classification number: H04L63/06 ,  H04L43/12 ,  H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/021 ,  H04L45/04 ,  H04L45/12 ,  H04L45/28 ,  H04L45/70 ,  H04L63/08

Abstract: In an embodiment, a method comprises establishing a first data communications session with a first router. In response to receiving a first request to establish a second data communications session, a probe message that is configured to test whether the first data communications session or the first router is responsive is sent to the first router. In response to determining that the first router has not acknowledged the probe message before a probe timer has expired, and receiving a second request to establish the second data communications session, the second data communications session with the first router is established and a state for the first data communications session is deleted.

Abstract translation: 在一个实施例中，一种方法包括与第一路由器建立第一数据通信会话。 响应于接收到建立第二数据通信会话的第一请求，被配置为测试第一数据通信会话或第一路由器是否响应的探测消息被发送到第一路由器。 响应于在探测定时器期满之前确定第一路由器尚未确认探测消息，并且接收建立第二数据通信会话的第二请求，建立与第一路由器的第二数据通信会话，并且为 第一个数据通信会话被删除。

公开(公告)号：US08058076B2

公开(公告)日：2011-11-15

申请号：US12748864

申请日：2010-03-29

Applicant: Samir Shah ,  Keyur Patel ,  Sanjay Dash ,  Kuldeep Dilip Karnik ,  Ashish Sehgal ,  Bhavesh Vallabhabhai Patel ,  Jayanta Kumar Mandal

Inventor： Samir Shah ,  Keyur Patel ,  Sanjay Dash ,  Kuldeep Dilip Karnik ,  Ashish Sehgal ,  Bhavesh Vallabhabhai Patel ,  Jayanta Kumar Mandal

IPC: G01N33/20

CPC classification number: G01N33/84 ,  A61K9/0019 ,  A61K31/7016 ,  A61K33/26 ,  A61K45/06 ,  G01N2400/00 ,  Y10T436/143333 ,  Y10T436/15 ,  A61K2300/00

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an in vitro method for measuring the T75 of reduction kinetics of iron from Fe+3 to Fe+2 in an iron-sucrose complex and hence assessing the bioequivalency of iron-sucrose composition. According to the disclosed method, T75 of reduction kinetics of iron in an iron-sucrose complex in between 25 to 50 minutes indicates bioequivalent iron-sucrose composition.

Abstract translation: 本公开内容涉及用于测量铁 - 蔗糖复合物中铁从Fe + 3至Fe + 2的还原动力学的T75的体外方法，因此评估铁 - 蔗糖组合物的生物等效性。 根据所公开的方法，在铁 - 蔗糖复合物中铁的还原动力学T 25在25至50分钟之间表示生物等效的铁 - 蔗糖组成。

公开(公告)号：US20090052452A1

公开(公告)日：2009-02-26

申请号：US11844119

申请日：2007-08-23

Applicant: Keyur Patel ,  Abhay Roy ,  Robert Raszuk

Inventor： Keyur Patel ,  Abhay Roy ,  Robert Raszuk

IPC: H04L12/56

CPC classification number: H04L45/04 ,  H04L69/04

Abstract: An ability to compress packets is announced from a customer edge router (CE) to other CEs through a routing protocol packet. An announcement of that ability is received from another CE through a routing protocol packet. A compression technique is then matched. The CE receives compression information from the other CE in a routing protocol packet, and determines that a compression technique identified therein matches any compression technique the CE is programmed to use. The CE then flags packets transmitted from/received by the CE to be compressed/decompressed according to the matched compression technique. Alternatively, the CE may match by transmitting compression information identifying a compression technique to the another CE in a routing protocol packet; the another CE receives the routing protocol packet and determines that a compression technique identified in the compression information of the routing protocol packet matches any compression technique the another CE is programmed to use.

Abstract translation: 通过路由协议包从客户边缘路由器（CE）到其他CE，宣布压缩数据包的能力。 通过路由协议包从另一个CE接收到该能力的通知。 然后匹配压缩技术。 CE在路由协议分组中从其他CE接收压缩信息，并确定其中识别的压缩技术与CE被编程使用的任何压缩技术相匹配。 CE然后根据匹配的压缩技术标记由CE发送/接收的数据包以进行压缩/解压缩。 或者，CE可以通过在路由协议分组中向另一CE发送标识压缩技术的压缩信息来匹配; 另一个CE接收路由协议分组，并确定在路由协议分组的压缩信息中识别的压缩技术与另一个CE被编程使用的任何压缩技术匹配。

公开(公告)号：US07408941B2

公开(公告)日：2008-08-05

申请号：US11152523

申请日：2005-06-14

Applicant: Luca Martini ,  Keyur Patel ,  Thomas D. Nadeau ,  James N. Guichard

Inventor： Luca Martini ,  Keyur Patel ,  Thomas D. Nadeau ,  James N. Guichard

IPC: H04L12/28 ,  H04L12/66 ,  G06F15/16 ,  G06F15/173

CPC classification number: H04L45/50 ,  H04L45/04

Abstract: A method and computer system for auto-routing of multi-hop pseudowires is presented. A first Provider Edge (PE) device receives an advertisement from a layer 2 (L2) capable network device, the advertisement including routing state for reaching the L2 device. A first Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) table is populated with the routing state for the L2 capable network device which is reachable by way of an address family reserved for L2 end point reachability information. The first PE device advertises the first BGP table information within a first Service Provider (SP) network such that a multi-hop Pseudowire is capable of being established which includes the L2 capable device.

Abstract translation: 提出了一种用于多跳伪线自动路由的方法和计算机系统。 第一提供商边缘（PE）设备从具有层2（L2）的网络设备接收广告，该广告包括到达L2设备的路由状态。 第一个边界网关协议（BGP）表填充有L2能力的网络设备的路由状态，该路由状态可以通过为L2端点可达性信息保留的地址族可达。 第一PE设备在第一服务提供商（SP）网络内通告第一BGP表信息，使得能够建立包括L2能力设备的多跳伪线。

公开(公告)号：US20080089227A1

公开(公告)日：2008-04-17

申请号：US11580167

申请日：2006-10-11

Applicant: Jim Guichard ,  Luca Martini ,  Keyur Patel ,  Thomas David Nadeau

Inventor： Jim Guichard ,  Luca Martini ,  Keyur Patel ,  Thomas David Nadeau

IPC: H04J3/14 ,  H04J1/16

CPC classification number: H04L45/04 ,  H04L1/22 ,  H04L45/22 ,  H04L45/28 ,  H04L45/42 ,  H04L45/44 ,  H04L45/50 ,  H04L45/68

Abstract: The protection of multi-segment pseudowires by utilizing pre-computed backup paths is disclosed herein. Disclosed embodiments include methods that establish at least one backup path for multi-segment pseudowires, the establishing being performed prior to detection of failure in the primary path. Upon detecting a path failure, the detected failure is signaled to the head-end, a pre-computed backup path is chosen, and the chosen backup path is signaled to the tail-end. In other disclosed embodiments, apparatus are configured to establish, prior to detection of failure in the primary path, at least one backup path for the multi-segment pseudowire. Networks can be configured to signal a detected failure to the head-end; choose a pre-computed backup path; and signal the backup path to the tail-end.

Abstract translation: 本文公开了通过利用预先计算的备用路径来保护多段伪线。 公开的实施例包括为多段伪线建立至少一个备用路径的方法，该建立是在检测到主路径中的故障之前执行的。 在检测到路径故障时，将检测到的故障信号发送到前端，选择预先计算的备份路径，并将选定的备份路径发送到尾端。 在其他公开的实施例中，设备被配置为在检测到主路径中的故障之前建立用于多段伪线的至少一个备用路径。 网络可以配置为将检测到的故障信号发送到前端; 选择预先计算的备份路径; 并将后备路径指示给尾端。

公开(公告)号：US20070162614A1

公开(公告)日：2007-07-12

申请号：US11332548

申请日：2006-01-12

Applicant: Keyur Patel ,  Chandrashekhar Appanna ,  John Scudder

Inventor： Keyur Patel ,  Chandrashekhar Appanna ,  John Scudder

IPC: G06F15/173

CPC classification number: H04L45/22 ,  H04L45/00 ,  H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/04 ,  H04L45/28

Abstract: A method of improving BGP convergence in a packet-switched network comprises receiving, at a router in the packet-switched network, an advertisement of a first route that includes alternate route information indicating that an alternate route is available; storing the alternate route information in association with the first route; detecting a change in network reachability of the first route, and in response thereto, determining if the alternate route information is stored for the first route, and if so: awaiting, for a particular time, an advertisement of an alternate route; storing and using the alternate route in place of the first route.

Abstract translation: 一种改善分组交换网络中的BGP收敛的方法包括：在所述分组交换网络中的路由器处接收包括指示备用路由可用的备用路由信息的第一路由的广告; 存储与第一路由相关联的备用路由信息; 检测第一路由的网络可达性的变化，并且响应于此，确定是否为第一路由存储替代路由信息，如果是，则等待特定时间的替代路由的广告; 存储和使用备用路由来代替第一路由。

公开(公告)号：US20070104106A1

公开(公告)日：2007-05-10

申请号：US11267865

申请日：2005-11-04

Applicant: Keyur Patel ,  Chandrashekhar Appanna ,  John Scudder

Inventor： Keyur Patel ,  Chandrashekhar Appanna ,  John Scudder

IPC: H04J3/14

CPC classification number: H04L45/04 ,  H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/54

Abstract: A method of improving convergence in networks that use path vector protocols. In one embodiment using Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) for inter-domain route and reachability communication, nodes that need to remove routes using EBGP NLRI announcements send BGP WITHDRAW messages containing a new route originator attribute that identifies an originator of a specified withdrawn route. A receiving node removes the specified route from its routing information base (RIB), and matches the originator to other paths in the RIB. Matching paths are marked as ineligible for consideration in a best path computation, thereby preventing the use of routes that are unreachable but not yet withdrawn by an originating node. The approach causes faster BGP convergence, reduces unnecessary route flapping, and alleviates unnecessary route dampening.

Abstract translation: 一种改善使用路径向量协议的网络收敛的方法。 在使用边界网关协议（BGP）进行域间路由和可达性通信的一个实施例中，需要使用EBGP NLRI通知去除路由的节点发送包含标识指定撤销路由的发起者的新路由发起方属性的BGP WITHDRAW消息。 接收节点从其路由信息库（RIB）中删除指定的路由，并将发起方与RIB中的其他路径相匹配。 匹配路径被标记为不符合最佳路径计算的要求，从而防止使用始发节点不可达但尚未撤销的路由。 该方法引起BGP收敛速度更快，减少不必要的路由振荡，减轻不必要的路由衰减。

公开(公告)号：US20070047557A1

公开(公告)日：2007-03-01

申请号：US11214521

申请日：2005-08-30

Applicant: Luca Martini ,  Keyur Patel ,  W. Townsley

Inventor： Luca Martini ,  Keyur Patel ,  W. Townsley

IPC: H04L12/28

CPC classification number: H04L12/4691 ,  H04L12/4641 ,  H04L45/00 ,  H04L45/50

Abstract: Implementation of a VPN service such as a VPLS (Virtual Private Local area network Service) is performed utilizing a two-stage process. A first stage of the two-stage process involves providing notification of whether a PE (Provider Edge) router in a label-switching network has VPLS capability. Notification can include broadcasting a message from a PE router to remote PE routers in the label-switching network to indicate whether the broadcasting PE router is VPLS enabled. A second stage of the two-stage process involves, based on receiving a notification that a PE router is VPLS enabled, generating a query message to discover a set of VPLS instances to which the broadcasting PE router belongs. In this way, a given PE router generating the query message can identify other PE routers in the label-switching network associated with the same VPLS for purposes of setting up the VPLS in the label-switching network.

Abstract translation: 使用两阶段处理来执行诸如VPLS（虚拟专用局域网服务）之类的VPN服务的实现。 两级流程的第一阶段涉及提供标签交换网络中的PE（Provider Edge）路由器是否具有VPLS能力的通知。 通知可以包括从PE路由器向标签交换网络中的远程PE路由器广播消息，以指示广播PE路由器是否启用VPLS。 两级处理的第二阶段是基于接收到PE路由器启用VPLS的通知，生成查询消息以发现广播PE路由器所属的一组VPLS实例。 以这种方式，生成查询消息的给定PE路由器可以识别与相同VPLS相关联的标签交换网络中的其他PE路由器，以便在标签交换网络中建立VPLS。

公开(公告)号：US20060256724A1

公开(公告)日：2006-11-16

申请号：US11126486

申请日：2005-05-10

Applicant: Luca Martini ,  Keyur Patel

Inventor： Luca Martini ,  Keyur Patel

IPC: H04J3/14 ,  H04L12/28 ,  H04L12/56

CPC classification number: H04L45/123 ,  H04L45/04 ,  H04L45/12

Abstract: A method for determining a cumulative network layer reachability cost of traversing one or more autonomous network routing systems comprises receiving first network route information from an originating customer edge router, wherein the first network route information identifies a route in a customer network; determining a transit cost from the provider edge router to an endpoint associated with the originating customer edge router based upon a metric value received in a cost community attribute; repeating the determining step for each of one or more autonomous systems that lie in a path from the originating customer edge router to a destination customer edge router, to result in determining an accumulated transit costs across one or more autonomous systems; and determining, based at least in part upon the accumulated transit cost, a best path from the provider edge router to the endpoint associated with the originating customer edge router.

Abstract translation: 用于确定遍历一个或多个自主网络路由系统的累积网络层可达性成本的方法包括从始发客户边缘路由器接收第一网络路由信息，其中所述第一网络路由信息识别客户网络中的路由; 基于在成本共同体属性中接收到的度量值，确定从所述提供者边缘路由器到与所述始发客户边缘路由器相关联的端点的传输成本; 对位于从起始客户边缘路由器到目标客户边缘路由器的路径中的一个或多个自治系统中的每一个重复确定步骤，以导致确定跨越一个或多个自治系统的累积过境成本; 以及至少部分地基于累积的转移成本确定从提供商边缘路由器到与始发客户边缘路由器相关联的端点的最佳路径。

公开(公告)号：US20060010064A1

公开(公告)日：2006-01-12

申请号：US10885321

申请日：2004-07-07

Applicant: Carla Noriega ,  Elizabeth Pedersen ,  David Christensen ,  Mark Lipschutz ,  Andre Kupelian ,  Keyur Patel ,  Takshing Andy Chow ,  Olga Konratev ,  Ellen Brill ,  Angelo Diamantidis

Inventor： Carla Noriega ,  Elizabeth Pedersen ,  David Christensen ,  Mark Lipschutz ,  Andre Kupelian ,  Keyur Patel ,  Takshing Andy Chow ,  Olga Konratev ,  Ellen Brill ,  Angelo Diamantidis

IPC: G06Q40/00

CPC classification number: G06Q40/00 ,  G06Q20/105 ,  G06Q40/04 ,  G06Q40/06 ,  G06Q40/12

Abstract: Methods and systems for real time margin management are provided. A margin inquiry request from a user is processed in real time. Such a margin inquiry request may include a real time on-demand margin inquiry. In addition, a margin inquiry request may also correspond to a hypothetical margin inquiry.

Abstract translation: 提供实时保证金管理的方法和系统。 来自用户的保证金查询请求被实时处理。 这样的保证金查询请求可以包括实时按需保证金查询。 此外，保证金查询请求也可对应于假设的保证金查询。