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公开(公告)号：US20050180261A1
公开(公告)日：2005-08-18
申请号：US11103393
申请日：2005-04-11
申请人： Batakrishna Mandal
发明人： Batakrishna Mandal
CPC分类号： G01V1/48
摘要： A system and method is provided for characterizing earth formations. In one embodiment, the method includes passing a logging tool through a borehole and repeatedly: (a) triggering an acoustic wave generator; (b) recording acoustic waveforms received by receivers in the logging tool; (c) determining a time semblance of the recorded acoustic waveforms; and (d) smoothing the time semblance. In a different embodiment, a phase semblance of the recorded acoustic waveforms is determined and smoothed. The smoothing may be performed using an adaptive wavelet denoising technique or an adaptive moving average filter technique. In each case the average time or frequency spacing between semblance peaks is preferably determined and used to adapt the smoothing operation in a manner that varies with the slowness value s.
摘要翻译： 提供了表征地层的系统和方法。 在一个实施例中，该方法包括使测井工具通过钻孔并重复地：（a）触发声波发生器; （b）记录接收器在测井工具中接收的声波; （c）确定所记录的声波形的时间相似度; 和（d）平滑时间的外表。 在不同的实施例中，确定并平滑记录的声波形的相位相似度。 可以使用自适应小波去噪技术或自适应移动平均滤波技术来执行平滑。 在每种情况下，优选地确定相似峰之间的平均时间或频率间隔，并用于以随慢度值s变化的方式适应平滑操作。
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32.发明授权System and method for processing acoustic signals to image behind reflective layers 失效将声信号处理成反射层后的图像的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US5995447A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-30
申请号：US856114
申请日：1997-05-14
CPC分类号： G01V1/44
摘要： A system for acoustically imaging a target region behind an acoustically reflective layer includes a transducer configuration for acquiring acoustic image data from the reflective layer and target region, wherein the reflective layer and target region are divided into voxels circumferentially disposed about a central point. The system includes a mechanism for processing the data comprising a transmitting transducer for transmitting a first acoustic pulse, a receiving transducer for detecting a first arrival of a first acoustic reflection signal associated with the first acoustic pulse, and a mechanism for suppressing multiple reflected signals from the acoustic reflection signal associated with the first acoustic pulse, wherein the suppressing mechanism facilitates the acquisition of image data from the target region. The system may also include a mechanism which filters and compresses acoustic data downhole, transmits data uphole and which reassembles data uphole for conversion into an image on standard computer display equipment.
摘要翻译： 用于对声反射层后面的目标区域进行声学成像的系统包括用于从反射层和目标区域获取声像数据的换能器配置，其中反射层和目标区域被分成围绕中心点周向设置的体元。 该系统包括用于处理数据的机构，该机构包括用于发送第一声学脉冲的发射换能器，用于检测与第一声学脉冲相关联的第一声反射信号的第一次到达的接收换能器，以及用于抑制来自 与第一声学脉冲相关联的声反射信号，其中抑制机构有助于从目标区域获取图像数据。 该系统还可以包括一个机构，用于对井下的声学数据进行滤波和压缩，在井上传输数据，并重新组装数据，以便在标准计算机显示设备上转换为图像。
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公开(公告)号：US5763773A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-09
申请号：US706143
申请日：1996-09-20
CPC分类号： G01V1/44 , E21B47/0005 , E21B47/01
摘要： A multi-part logging tool that allows measurement of several distinct independent parameters, which are in turn used to solve for secondary parameters that give information about the properties of the cement outside the casing. Secondary parameters affecting the measured signals are: casing thickness, bond of cement to casing, cement acoustic impedance, cement thickness, channel size and channel material. The present invention comprises a rotating tool that supports a plurality of specifically configured transducers that interrogate a region behind casing having a 10 degree azimuthal resolution and a depth of investigation of at least 0.75 inches behind casing. The transducers on the rotating tool include an array of angled beam transducers, a single-housing pitch-catch transducer and a radial, pulse echo transducer.
摘要翻译： 一种多部分测井工具，可以测量几个不同的独立参数，这些参数又用于解决二次参数，从而提供有关壳体外部水泥属性的信息。 影响测量信号的二次参数是：套管厚度，水泥与套管的粘结，水泥声阻抗，水泥厚度，通道尺寸和通道材料。 本发明包括旋转工具，其支撑多个具体构造的换能器，其询问壳体后方的区域，其具有10度方位角分辨率和在套管后方至少0.75英寸的调查深度。 旋转工具上的传感器包括倾斜光束传感器阵列，单壳体俯仰捕获传感器和径向脉冲回波传感器。
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公开(公告)号：US20120182831A1
公开(公告)日：2012-07-19
申请号：US13264336
申请日：2009-07-16
IPC分类号： G01V1/40
CPC分类号： E21B47/101
摘要： Apparatus, systems, and methods may operate to emit acoustic pulses into a drilling fluid in a well bore, using a first acoustic transducer in a downhole tool, and detecting the acoustic pulses after reflection from the wall of the well bore, using a second acoustic transducer in the downhole tool. The faces of the first and second acoustic transducers are non-parallel. Further activities include emitting additional acoustic pulses into the drilling fluid using the second acoustic transducer, and detecting them using the second acoustic transducer. The acoustic velocity of the drilling fluid can be determined based on respective travel times. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are described.
摘要翻译： 装置，系统和方法可以操作以使用井下工具中的第一声换能器将井脉中的声脉冲发射到井眼中的钻井液中，并且使用第二声波检测来自井壁的反射之后的声脉冲 传感器在井下工具。 第一和第二声换能器的面不平行。 进一步的活动包括使用第二声换能器将额外的声脉冲发射到钻井液中，并使用第二声换能器来检测它们。 钻井液的声速可以根据相应的行驶时间来确定。 描述了附加装置，系统和方法。
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公开(公告)号：US07392135B2
公开(公告)日：2008-06-24
申请号：US11323674
申请日：2005-12-30
申请人： Georgios L. Varsamis , Joakim Oscar Blanch , Arthur C. H. Cheng , Calvin Wisner Kessler , Denis Schmitt , Batakrishna Mandal
发明人： Georgios L. Varsamis , Joakim Oscar Blanch , Arthur C. H. Cheng , Calvin Wisner Kessler , Denis Schmitt , Batakrishna Mandal
IPC分类号： G01R29/00
CPC分类号： G01V1/44
摘要： Methods and apparatus are provided for reducing and/or substantially eliminating sensitivity mismatch of acoustic receivers used with acoustic sources to determine acoustic properties of geologic formations as a logging tool traverses the formations. Methods are directed to detecting waveform arrival times at receivers, determining places in a well where arrival times of waves are substantially the same at a plurality of receivers, and estimating effective receiver sensitivities and equalization factors using Stoneley wave amplitudes and windowed deconvolution of Stoneley waves. Methods are further directed to correcting wave amplitudes using estimated effective receiver sensitivities and equalization factors for receivers.
摘要翻译： 提供了用于减少和/或基本上消除与声源一起使用的声接收机的灵敏度失配的方法和装置，以便在测井工具穿过地层时确定地质构造的声学特性。 方法涉及检测接收器处的波形到达时间，确定在多个接收机中波的到达时间基本相同的阱中的位置，以及使用斯通利波斯的斯通利波幅度和窗口去卷积来估计有效的接收机灵敏度和均衡因子。 方法还涉及使用估计的有效接收机灵敏度和接收机的均衡因子校正波幅度。
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公开(公告)号：US07089119B2
公开(公告)日：2006-08-08
申请号：US11103393
申请日：2005-04-11
申请人： Batakrishna Mandal
发明人： Batakrishna Mandal
CPC分类号： G01V1/48
摘要： A system and method is provided for characterizing earth formations. In one embodiment, the method includes passing a logging tool through a borehole and repeatedly: (a) triggering an acoustic wave generator; (b) recording acoustic waveforms received by receivers in the logging tool; (c) determining a time semblance of the recorded acoustic waveforms; and (d) smoothing the time semblance. In a different embodiment, a phase semblance of the recorded acoustic waveforms is determined and smoothed. The smoothing may be performed using an adaptive wavelet denoising technique or an adaptive moving average filter technique. In each case the average time or frequency spacing between semblance peaks is preferably determined and used to adapt the smoothing operation in a manner that varies with the slowness value s.
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公开(公告)号：US06907349B2
公开(公告)日：2005-06-14
申请号：US10827776
申请日：2004-04-20
申请人： Batakrishna Mandal
发明人： Batakrishna Mandal
CPC分类号： G01V1/48
摘要： A system and method is provided for characterizing earth formations. In one embodiment, the method includes passing a logging tool through a borehole and repeatedly: (a) triggering an acoustic wave generator; (b) recording acoustic waveforms received by receivers in the logging tool; (c) determining a time semblance of the recorded acoustic waveforms; and (d) smoothing the time semblance. In a different embodiment, a phase semblance of the recorded acoustic waveforms is determined and smoothed. The smoothing may be performed using an adaptive wavelet denoising technique or an adaptive moving average filter technique. In each case the average time or frequency spacing between semblance peaks is preferably determined and used to adapt the smoothing operation in a manner that varies with the slowness value s.
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公开(公告)号：US06661737B2
公开(公告)日：2003-12-09
申请号：US10038733
申请日：2002-01-02
IPC分类号： G01V140
摘要： An acoustic tool that provides a programmable source waveform is disclosed. Numerous advantages may be achieved from the configurability of the source waveform. Notably, acoustic logs at multiple frequencies may be acquired with a single pass. The waveform may be frequency-adapted to maximize formation response and amplitude adapted for gain control. In one embodiment, the acoustic tool comprises: a controller, a digital-to-analog controller (DAC), an acoustic transducer, and a linear driver. The DAC converts a digital waveform from the controller into an analog waveform. The acoustic transducer converts an electrical signal into an acoustic signal. The linear driver receives the analog waveform from the DAC and responsively provides the electrical signal to the acoustic transducer. The electrical signal is proportional to the analog waveform. The tool may further include a memory for storing the digital waveform and/or software for generating the digital waveform.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种提供可编程源波形的声学工具。 可以从源波形的可配置性获得许多优点。 值得注意的是，可以通过单次通过获得多个频率的声学记录。 波形可以是频率适应的，以最大化形成响应和适于增益控制的幅度。 在一个实施例中，声学工具包括：控制器，数模转换器（DAC），声换能器和线性驱动器。 DAC将数字波形从控制器转换为模拟波形。 声换能器将电信号转换成声信号。 线性驱动器从DAC接收模拟波形，并响应于将电信号提供给声学换能器。 电信号与模拟波形成正比。 该工具还可以包括用于存储用于产生数字波形的数字波形和/或软件的存储器。
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公开(公告)号：US06188961B1
公开(公告)日：2001-02-13
申请号：US09283338
申请日：1999-03-31
申请人： Batakrishna Mandal
发明人： Batakrishna Mandal
IPC分类号： G01V150
CPC分类号： G01V1/50
摘要： An apparatus and method for determining fast and slow shear wave velocities and orientations in an anisotropic earth formation that reduces the error and ambiguity in calculating these parameters and eliminates the need for dipole receivers and multiple dipole sources. The apparatus generally includes a single dipole source capable of generating an acoustic signal within a borehole. The acoustic logging tool contains multiple levels of receivers. At each level, four receivers, which may be conventional pressure transducers, receive shear/flexural wave signals which propagate along the borehole earth formation. These receivers measure the pressure fields from the wave signals. A processing device, preferably a UNIX™ based computer, interpolates the measured pressure fields between any two adjacent receivers. The processing device performs cross-component decomposition on the pressure field to determine shear wave orientation and velocity. Using the shear wave orientation and velocity the processing device determines transit time anisotropy, energy anisotropy, and slowness anisotropy.
摘要翻译： 用于确定各向异性地层中的快速和慢速剪切波速度和取向的装置和方法，其减少计算这些参数的误差和模糊性，并且消除对偶极接收器和多偶极子源的需要。 该装置通常包括能够在钻孔内产生声学信号的单个偶极子源。 声学测井工具包含多级接收机。 在每个级别，四个接收器（可以是传统的压力传感器）接收沿井眼地层传播的剪切/弯曲波信号。 这些接收器从波信号测量压力场。 处理装置，优选地基于UNIX TM的计算机，在任何两个相邻的接收器之间内插测量的压力场。 处理装置在压力场上执行交叉分量分解以确定剪切波取向和速度。 使用剪切波方向和速度，处理装置确定传播时间各向异性，能量各向异性和慢度各向异性。
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40.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US6041861A
公开(公告)日：2000-03-28
申请号：US992608
申请日：1997-12-17
CPC分类号： E21B47/0005 , G01H15/00 , G01V1/46 , G01N2291/018 , G01N2291/0231 , G01N2291/2636
摘要： A method and device are disclosed for determining the impedance of the cement bond between a borehole casing and its wellbore. The invention uses a predicted resonance response as a baseline for determining from the observed resonance response the approximate impedance of the cement. Corrections are made to account for various defects in the casing by normalizing the received resonance response.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于确定井眼套管与其井眼之间的水泥粘结的阻抗的方法和装置。 本发明使用预测的共振响应作为基准，从观察到的共振响应确定水泥的近似阻抗。 通过归一化接收到的共振响应来校正套管中的各种缺陷。
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