公开(公告)号：US06370082B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-09

申请号：US09332641

申请日：1999-06-14

申请人： Wallace R. Gardner ,  Vimal V. Shah ,  John W. Minear

发明人： Wallace R. Gardner ,  Vimal V. Shah ,  John W. Minear

IPC分类号： G01V140

CPC分类号： E21B47/16

摘要： An acoustic telemetry system is disclosed that reduces any through-drillstring drilling noise which contaminates a through-drillstring telemetry signal. Normal filtering operations are provided to remove noise outside the frequency band of interest, and reference signal filtering operations are provided to reduce the in-band noise, thereby enhancing the telemetry system's data rate and reliability. In one embodiment, the acoustic telemetry system includes a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter induces an acoustic information signal that propagates along the tubing string. Existing noise in the tubing string contaminates the information signal. The receiver is provided with sensors for measuring the corrupted information signal and a reference signal that is indicative of the noise present in the measured information signal. The receiver uses a filter to convert the reference signal into an estimate of the information signal corruption, and a summing element to subtract the estimate from the reference signal to produce an information signal with reduced corruption. In a preferred embodiment, the information signal is propagated in an axial transmission mode, and the noise in the torsional mode is used as the reference signal for reducing noise the information signal picks up in the axial mode.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种声学遥测系统，其减少了污染通过钻柱遥测信号的任何穿钻钻井噪声。 提供正常滤波操作以去除感兴趣频带外的噪声，并提供参考信号滤波操作以减少带内噪声，从而提高遥测系统的数据速率和可靠性。 在一个实施例中，声学遥测系统包括发射器和接收器。 发射器引起沿着管柱传播的声信息信号。 油管柱中的现有噪声会污染信息信号。 接收器设置有用于测量损坏的信息信号的传感器和指示所测量的信息信号中存在的噪声的参考信号。 接收机使用滤波器将参考信号转换为信息信号损坏的估计，以及相加元件，以从参考信号中减去估计，以产生具有减少的损坏的信息信号。 在优选实施例中，信息信号以轴向传播模式传播，并且扭转模式中的噪声被用作用于降低信息信号以轴向模式拾取的噪声的参考信号。

公开(公告)号：US06131658A

公开(公告)日：2000-10-17

申请号：US260746

申请日：1999-03-01

申请人： John W. Minear

发明人： John W. Minear

IPC分类号： E21B17/10 ,  E21B47/01 ,  E21B47/14 ,  E21B47/00

CPC分类号： E21B17/1028 ,  E21B47/011 ,  E21B47/14

摘要： An array of sensors is disposed on an umbilical cable attached to tubing extending into a well. The sensor array includes a series of evenly spaced three-component accelerometers individually mounted on biasing members, such as bowspring centralizer fins, which clamp the accelerometers to an outer casing to establish a mechanical coupling between the accelerometers and the surrounding formation. The accelerometers are lightweight such that the biasing members provide sufficient clamping force to ensure mechanical coupling, thereby facilitating the emplacement of the sensor array. The umbilical cable coupling the accelerometers and extending to the surface may include a crush resistant metal coil wrapped around an inner transmission cable which carries power and/or telemetry information from downhole to the surface. The metal coil provides a higher crush resistance and a higher flexibility than comparable solid metal tubing. A wire wrap similar to that used for wireline cables may be provided outside the metal coil for added tensile strength, and an abrasion-resistant plastic coating may also be employed to enhance the longevity of the umbilical cable.

摘要翻译： 传感器阵列设置在连接到延伸到井中的管道的脐带缆上。 传感器阵列包括一系列均匀分布的三分量加速度计，其分别安装在偏压构件上，例如蝴蝶形调心器翅片，其将加速度计夹紧到外壳以在加速度计和周围地层之间建立机械耦合。 加速度计是轻量的，使得偏置构件提供足够的夹紧力来确保机械联接，从而便于传感器阵列的安置。 耦合加速度计并延伸到表面的脐带缆可以包括缠绕在内传输电缆上的抗压电金属线圈，其将从井下到地面的功率和/或遥测信息传送。 金属线圈提供比可比固体金属管更高的抗压缩性和更高的灵活性。 可以在金属线圈外部提供类似于用于电缆线的线圈，以增加拉伸强度，并且还可以使用耐磨塑料涂层来增强脐带缆的寿命。

公开(公告)号：US6002639A

公开(公告)日：1999-12-14

申请号：US856115

申请日：1997-05-14

申请人： James R. Birchak ,  Batakrishna Mandal ,  James E. Masino ,  John W. Minear ,  Thomas E. Ritter

发明人： James R. Birchak ,  Batakrishna Mandal ,  James E. Masino ,  John W. Minear ,  Thomas E. Ritter

IPC分类号： G01V1/44 ,  G01V1/40

CPC分类号： G01V1/44

摘要： A transducer configuration disposed within a wellbore sonde for acoustically imaging a target region behind an acoustically reflective layer includes a transmitting transducer for producing a transmitted acoustic beamspread pattern defined by a insonified zone having a width approximately equal to a width of the transmitting transducer and a transmitting main lobe beyond the transmitting collimated zone. The transducer configuration also includes a receiving transducer disposed adjacent the transmitting transducer. The receiving transducer includes an acoustic signal reception pattern defined by a insonified zone having a width approximately equal to a width of the receiving transducer and a receiving main lobe beyond the receiving insonified zone. A beamspread angle defines an amplitude contour forming an outer periphery of the transmitting and receiving main lobes. Intersection of the transmitting and receiving main lobes behind but not within an acoustically reflective layer allows the transducer configuration to null reverberation energy from the acoustically reflective material and enhance acoustic energy received from the less reflective material disposed behind the highly reflective material.

摘要翻译： 设置在井筒探测器内的换能器配置用于对声反射层后面的目标区域进行声学成像，包括发射换能器，用于产生由具有大致等于发射换能器的宽度的宽度的扩散区限定的透射声束扩展图案， 主瓣超出发射准直区。 换能器配置还包括邻近发射换能器设置的接收换能器。 接收换能器包括由具有近似等于接收换能器的宽度的宽度的增强区限定的声学信号接收图案和超出接收声音区的接收主瓣。 光束展开角度定义了形成发射和接收主瓣的外周的振幅轮廓。 发射和接收主波瓣在后面但不在声反射层内的交叉允许换能器配置将来自声反射材料的混响能量消除，并增强从设置在高反射材料后面的较小反射材料接收的声能。

公开(公告)号：US5510582A

公开(公告)日：1996-04-23

申请号：US398979

申请日：1995-03-06

申请人： James R. Birchak ,  Alexander Lifson ,  Eugene J. Linyaev ,  John W. Minear ,  Dennis E. Roessler ,  David J. Young

发明人： James R. Birchak ,  Alexander Lifson ,  Eugene J. Linyaev ,  John W. Minear ,  Dennis E. Roessler ,  David J. Young

IPC分类号： G01V1/52 ,  G10K11/16 ,  G01V1/40

CPC分类号： G10K11/16 ,  G01V1/523 ,  Y10S367/911

摘要： Disclosed is a sonic well tool for performing acoustic investigations of subsurface geological formations penetrated by a borehole. The well tool generally includes a longitudinally extending body for positioning in said borehole. The tool also includes a transmitter supported by the body for transmitting acoustic energy, and a receiver supported by the body for receiving acoustic energy. Finally, the tool includes an acoustic attenuation section positioned on the body between the transmitter and the receiver. This section includes one or more cavities defined by the body, inertial mass members positioned inside the cavities in a suitable manner to form a gap between the wall of the cavity and the inertial mass members, and an acoustical attenuation fluid in the gap. The method for attenuating sonic waves generally includes transmitting a sonic wave from the transmitter to the tool, passing the sonic wave through the acoustic attenuation section, and receiving attenuated wave at the receivers.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于对钻孔穿透的地下地质构造进行声学研究的声波井工具。 井具通常包括用于定位在所述钻孔中的纵向延伸体。 该工具还包括由身体支撑以发射声能的发射器和由身体支撑以接收声能的接收器。 最后，该工具包括位于发射器和接收器之间的身体上的声衰减部分。 该部分包括由主体限定的一个或多个空腔，惯性质量构件以合适的方式定位在空腔内部，以在腔的壁和惯性质量构件之间形成间隙，以及间隙中的声衰减流体。 用于衰减声波的方法通常包括将声波从发射器发射到工具，使声波通过声衰减部分，并在接收器处接收衰减波。

公开(公告)号：US5124952A

公开(公告)日：1992-06-23

申请号：US353310

申请日：1989-05-17

申请人： Stanislav Knize ,  John W. Minear

发明人： Stanislav Knize ,  John W. Minear

IPC分类号： G01V1/48

CPC分类号： G01V1/48

摘要： A method for enhancing a plurality of recorded waveforms from sonic logging is disclosed. As a function of depth along a well borehole, a plurality of sonic waveforms is obtained. Adjacent waveforms are registered by time shifting so that common event coincides between adjacent waveforms. Typically this is the arrival of the P, S or S.sub.t wave component. Then, adjacent waveforms are subtracted from one another to provide a difference waveform, and the difference waveforms are then presented. This enhances oblique occurring events. Further, instantaneous waveform characteristics for each of the recorded waveforms are presented to further assist in data interpretation to locate and identify oblique occurring events.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于从声波测井中增强多个记录波形的方法。 作为钻井深度的函数，获得多个声波形。 通过时移记录相邻的波形，使得公共事件在相邻波形之间重合。 通常这是P，S或St波分量的到来。 然后，相邻的波形被相互减去以提供差分波形，然后呈现差分波形。 这增强了倾斜发生的事件。 此外，呈现每个记录波形的瞬时波形特征，以进一步辅助数据解释来定位和识别倾斜发生的事件。

公开(公告)号：US4947683A

公开(公告)日：1990-08-14

申请号：US389134

申请日：1989-08-03

申请人： John W. Minear ,  Randy Gold

发明人： John W. Minear ,  Randy Gold

IPC分类号： E21B47/10 ,  G01F1/66 ,  G01P5/24

CPC分类号： E21B47/101 ,  G01F1/663 ,  G01P5/244

摘要： A measuring device for use in a producing well is set forth. It includes a sonde having upper and lower centralizers to define an annular flow space therearound. In the preferred embodiment, a motor driven sensor preferably a piezoelectric combination transmitter and receiver is, included to transmit and then receive ultrasonic pulses. They are transmitted downwardly from the housing into fluid flowing in the well. Reflective interfaces are defined by material differences. Gas bubbles droplets and particles in the fluid flow and phases between oil and water, etc. form reflective interfaces to create a scattering effect to transmitted ultrasonic pulses so that a return pulse is formed. The pulses encodes fluid flow velocity as a result of the Doppler shift.

摘要翻译： 阐述了一种用于生产井的测量装置。 它包括具有上和下扶正器的探空器，以在其周围限定环形流动空间。 在优选实施例中，包括用于传送并接收超声波脉冲的电机驱动传感器，优选地是压电组合发射器和接收器。 它们从壳体向下传送到在井中流动的流体。 反射界面由物质差异定义。 气泡中的液滴和颗粒以及油和水之间的相位等形成反射界面，以对传输的超声波脉冲产生散射效应，从而形成返回脉冲。 脉冲编码作为多普勒频移的结果的流体流速。

公开(公告)号：US4700803A

公开(公告)日：1987-10-20

申请号：US912283

申请日：1986-09-29

申请人： A. J. Mallett ,  John W. Minear

发明人： A. J. Mallett ,  John W. Minear

IPC分类号： B06B1/08 ,  G01V1/52 ,  G01V1/40 ,  G01V1/143

CPC分类号： G01V1/52 ,  B06B1/08 ,  Y10S181/402 ,  Y10S367/912

摘要： For use in acoustic logging, an acoustic wave transducer system forming both compression and shear waves is disclosed, the system having the preferred form of a plurality of radially directed magnetostrictive expansion means, being N in number, each having a transducer plate affixed to the outer end thereof and further including means for providing a current to a coil wound thereabout forming flux initiating magnetostrictive expansion and contraction to form compression or shear waves.

摘要翻译： 为了在声学测井中使用，公开了形成压缩和剪切波的声波换能器系统，该系统具有多个径向磁致伸缩装置的优选形式，数量为N，每个具有固定到外部的换能器板 并且还包括用于向缠绕在其上的线圈提供电流的装置，其形成磁通引发磁致伸缩膨胀和收缩以形成压缩或剪切波。

公开(公告)号：US6026913A

公开(公告)日：2000-02-22

申请号：US940352

申请日：1997-09-30

申请人： Batakrishna Mandal ,  John W. Minear ,  James Robert Birchak

发明人： Batakrishna Mandal ,  John W. Minear ,  James Robert Birchak

IPC分类号： E21B47/022 ,  E21B47/02

CPC分类号： E21B47/02208

摘要： The invention is a device and related method of finding from at least one receiver the location of a source of a transmitted acoustic signal. Both signal source and signal receiver are downhole. The invention uses either or both the triangulation method and the holographic method to determine signal location.The triangulation technique uses the relationships existing in Pythagorean's theorem to find source location. In contrast, the holographic technique uses a known velocity structure to assign propagation velocities to volume cells surrounding the receiver. By variational calculus, a ray path and start time may be assigned to a hypothetical source location for a particular receiver position. This is repeated for each receiver position. Where the hypothetical source locations and start times match for multiple receiver locations, the likely position of a source has been found.

摘要翻译： 本发明是从至少一个接收机发现所发送的声信号的源的位置的装置和相关方法。 信号源和信号接收器都是井下的。 本发明使用三角测量方法和全息方法中的一个或两者来确定信号位置。 三角测量技术使用毕达哥拉斯定理中存在的关系找到源位置。 相比之下，全息技术使用已知的速度结构来将传播速度分配给接收器周围的体积单元。 通过变分微积分，射线路径和开始时间可被分配给特定接收器位置的假想源位置。 对于每个接收器位置重复这一点。 假设源位置和起始时间与多个接收器位置匹配的情况下，可以找到源的可能位置。

公开(公告)号：US5841734A

公开(公告)日：1998-11-24

申请号：US870116

申请日：1997-06-05

申请人： Thomas E. Ritter ,  James Robert Birchak ,  James W. Stroud ,  Mack H. Brown ,  James E. Masino ,  John W. Minear

发明人： Thomas E. Ritter ,  James Robert Birchak ,  James W. Stroud ,  Mack H. Brown ,  James E. Masino ,  John W. Minear

IPC分类号： E21B47/00 ,  G01V1/52 ,  G01V1/00

CPC分类号： G01V1/52 ,  E21B47/0005 ,  Y10S367/911 ,  Y10S367/912

摘要： An apparatus for logging a borehole comprises a non-rotating component and a rotating component that is flexibly attached to the non-rotating component and includes a logging head. The rotating component is centralized independently from the non-rotating component such that the rotating component remains centralized as it rotates, regardless of whether the non-rotating component is centralized. The logging head includes at least one signaling device, a hydrostatic pressure balancing system, a sealed, variable-volume fluid reservoir in fluid communication with said transducer, and a motor housed in said logging head for rotating the rotating component. The apparatus can further include a second non-rotating component suspended below the rotating component.

摘要翻译： 用于记录井眼的装置包括非旋转部件和旋转部件，其被柔性地附接到非旋转部件并且包括测井头。 旋转部件独立于非旋转部件集中，使得旋转部件随着其旋转而保持集中，而不管非旋转部件是否集中。 记录头包括至少一个信号装置，静水压力平衡系统，与所述换能器流体连通的密封可变容积流体储存器，以及容纳在所述测井头中用于旋转旋转部件的马达。 该装置还可包括悬挂在旋转部件下方的第二非旋转部件。

公开(公告)号：US4869349A

公开(公告)日：1989-09-26

申请号：US266717

申请日：1988-11-03

申请人： John W. Minear ,  David C. Rathmann

发明人： John W. Minear ,  David C. Rathmann

IPC分类号： G01V1/145 ,  G10K9/12

CPC分类号： G10K9/121 ,  G01V1/145 ,  Y10S367/912

摘要： A flexcompressional acoustic transducer is set forth. In the preferred and illustrated embodiment, multiple parallel magnetostrictive rods provided with coils are coupled through a plate affixed to a radiating element. The radiating element in one embodiment is an elongate hollow cylinder which is closed at both ends. Vibrations from the magnetostrictive members cause the cylinder to radially flex, creating an omnidirectional acoustic wave transmitted radially outwardly, the apparatus being positioned in a sonde for connecting an acoustic wave front through the wall of the sonde for transmission into the surrounding wellbore fluids and the adjacent formations.

摘要翻译： 提出了一种柔性压缩声换能器。 在优选和示出的实施例中，设置有线圈的多个平行磁致伸缩杆通过固定到辐射元件的板耦合。 在一个实施例中的辐射元件是在两端封闭的细长的中空圆筒。 来自磁致伸缩构件的振动导致气缸径向弯曲，产生径向向外传播的全向声波，该设备被定位在探空仪中，用于将声波前端连接到探空仪的壁上，以便传播到周围的井筒流体和相邻 地层。