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公开(公告)号：US06566881B2
公开(公告)日：2003-05-20
申请号：US09746927
申请日：2000-12-22
IPC分类号： G01V330
摘要： A shielding method and apparatus for an antenna disposed on an elongated support adapted for disposal within a borehole. The shield providing predetermined attenuation of one or more electromagnetic energy field components as the field components interact with the shield. The shield composed of a flexible strip or cylindrical body and respectively comprising a transverse conductive element or a transverse slot therein. The shields being adapted to cover an antenna mounted on the support. The shields being compatible for use in conjunction with saddle, tilted coils or multi-layered tri-axial coils to produce a pure transverse magnetic dipole electromagnetic field. The shields are also used in methods for shielding an antenna disposed on a support to provide predetermined attenuation of an electromagnetic field component as the field components interact with the shield.
摘要翻译： 一种用于天线的屏蔽方法和装置，其设置在适于在钻孔内处理的细长支撑件上。 屏蔽层当场分量与屏蔽相互作用时提供一个或多个电磁能量场分量的预定衰减。 该屏蔽由柔性条或圆柱体组成，分别包括横向导电元件或横向槽。 屏蔽件适于覆盖安装在支撑件上的天线。 该屏蔽件与鞍座，倾斜线圈或多层三轴线圈结合使用以产生纯横向磁偶极电磁场。 屏蔽还用于屏蔽设置在支撑件上的天线的方法，以在场屏元件与屏蔽件相互作用时提供电磁场分量的预定衰减。
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32.发明授权Method and apparatus for directional well logging with a shield having sloped slots 有权用于具有倾斜槽的屏蔽件进行定向测井的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US06297639B1
公开(公告)日：2001-10-02
申请号：US09452576
申请日：1999-12-01
申请人： Brian Clark , Richard A. Rosthal , Dean M. Homan , Dzevat Omeragic , Stephen D. Bonner , Scott S. Chesser , Thomas D. Barber
发明人： Brian Clark , Richard A. Rosthal , Dean M. Homan , Dzevat Omeragic , Stephen D. Bonner , Scott S. Chesser , Thomas D. Barber
IPC分类号： G01V330
CPC分类号： G01V3/30
摘要： Methods and apparatus for making directional measurements of earth formations surrounding a borehole. New antenna coil shield designs are utilized to provide selective attenuation of at least one electromagnetic energy field component as the component interacts with the shield. The new shields are implemented in several downhole tool configurations to provide azimuthally focused formation measurements. In effect, the new shield filters interacting electromagnetic energy field components to pass those components corresponding to a magnetic dipole oriented at an angle from the tool axis. The shields thereby alter a coil's envelope of influence to electromagnetic energy. The new shields also form part of a system for making directional measurements while drilling.
摘要翻译： 用于对钻孔周围的地层进行方向测量的方法和装置。 新的天线线圈屏蔽设计被用于在组件与屏蔽件相互作用时提供至少一个电磁能量场分量的选择性衰减。 新的防护罩在几个井下工具配置中实现，以提供方位角聚焦的地层测量。 实际上，新的屏蔽滤波器与电磁能场分量相互作用以通过对应于与工具轴成一定角度取向的磁偶极子的那些部件。 屏蔽因此改变了线圈对电磁能的影响。 新的盾牌也构成了钻井时进行方向测量的系统的一部分。
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33.发明授权Apparatus and method for determining the resitivity of underground formations surrounding a borehole 失效用于确定井眼周围地下地层的电位的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5463320A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-31
申请号：US259849
申请日：1994-06-15
申请人： Stephen D. Bonner , Richard A. Rosthal , Abdullah A. Bagersh , Martin G. Luling , Jacques A. Jundt
发明人： Stephen D. Bonner , Richard A. Rosthal , Abdullah A. Bagersh , Martin G. Luling , Jacques A. Jundt
CPC分类号： G01V3/20
摘要： A logging tool for use in determining the resistivity of an underground formation surrounding a borehole comprises a mandrel with two transmitters spaced apart thereon, each serving to establish a current in the mandrel and in the underground formation. A series of electrodes are spaced along the body between the transmitters and sensors, located at each electrode, measure radial current flow along a path from the mandrel to the underground formation via a respective electrode. Sensors also provide the axial current flowing along the whole mandrel and at positions corresponding to each electrode. A method of determining the formation resistivity includes the steps of measuring the radial currents R.sub.1 R.sub.2 from the mandrel to the formation via each electrode and obtaining the axial currents M.sub.01 M.sub.02 along the mandrel at each electrode due to each transmitter; measuring the total axial current M.sub.12 along the mandrel from the first or second transmitter and deriving the resistivity of the formation from the radial focused current R.sub.c for each electrode according to the relationship R.sub.c =1/M.sub.21 (M.sub.02 R.sub.1 +M.sub.01 R.sub.2).
摘要翻译： 用于确定围绕钻孔的地下地层的电阻率的测井工具包括具有间隔开的两个发射器的心轴，每个用于在心轴和地下地层中建立电流。 位于每个电极处的发射器和传感器之间的一系列电极沿主体间隔开，测量沿着从心轴经由相应电极到地下地层的路径的径向电流。 传感器还提供沿着整个心轴和对应于每个电极的位置流动的轴向电流。 确定地层电阻率的方法包括以下步骤：通过每个电极测量从心轴到地层的径向电流R1R2，并且由于每个发射器获得每个电极处的心轴处的轴向电流M01M02; 根据Rc = 1 / M21（M02R1 + M01R2）的关系，从第一或第二发射器测量沿着心轴的总轴向电流M12，并从每个电极的径向聚焦电流Rc导出地层的电阻率。
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公开(公告)号：US09035657B2
公开(公告)日：2015-05-19
申请号：US12705826
申请日：2010-02-15
申请人： Hong Zhang , Richard A. Rosthal
发明人： Hong Zhang , Richard A. Rosthal
CPC分类号： G01V3/28
摘要： The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for conducting an electromagnetic borehole-to-surface survey of a formation surrounding a borehole. Such methods include deploying a dipole transmitter into the borehole to a depth of investigation, deploying an array of electromagnetic receivers outside of the wellbore, and measuring a response of the formation at the array of electromagnetic receivers deployed outside of the wellbore, for example at the surface. From the response of the formation a property of the formation can be determined based on the response of the formation measured at the array of electromagnetic receivers. For the scenario of a cased well, a local reference receiver may be added at a location proximate the borehole to measure the effective magnetic moment of the transmitter inside the casing, and normalize the formation response in order for a more accurate determination of a formation characteristic, such as resistivity. These receivers can also be used for other types of surveys.
摘要翻译： 本公开涉及用于对围绕钻孔的地层进行电磁井对地面勘测的系统和方法。 这样的方法包括将偶极子发射器部署到钻孔中以进行深度调查，在井眼外部布置电磁接收器阵列，以及测量在井筒外部的电磁接收器阵列处的阵列的响应，例如在 表面。 根据形成的响应，可以基于在电磁接收器阵列处测量的地层的响应来确定地层的性质。 对于套管井的场景，可以在靠近钻孔的位置处添加局部参考接收器，以测量壳体内的变送器的有效磁矩，并且对地层响应进行归一化以便更准确地确定地层特征 ，如电阻率。 这些接收机也可用于其他类型的调查。
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公开(公告)号：US08362780B2
公开(公告)日：2013-01-29
申请号：US12405187
申请日：2009-03-16
申请人： Richard A. Rosthal , Hong Zhang
发明人： Richard A. Rosthal , Hong Zhang
IPC分类号： G01V3/00
摘要： Methods and related systems are described for making an electromagnetic induction survey of a formation surrounding a cased section of a borehole. An electromagnetic transmitter and/or receiver is deployed into the cased section of the borehole. Electromagnetic survey measurements and impedance measurements relating to impedance of the transmitter and/or receiver are made while deployed in the section of the borehole. Compensation is made for the attenuation amplitude and/or phase in the electromagnetic survey measurements due to the conductive casing. The compensation is based on the impedance measurements and equivalent circuit parameters. The impedance measurements are correlated with numerical modeling results of a purely inductive electromagnetic transducer, and calculated equivalent circuit parameters are combined with the numerical modeling results.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于对围绕钻孔的套管部分的地层进行电磁感应测量的方法和相关系统。 电磁发射器和/或接收器被部署到钻孔的套管部分中。 在发射器和/或接收器的阻抗相关的电磁测量测量和阻抗测量部署在钻孔的部分中。 由于导电套管，对电磁测量测量中的衰减幅度和/或相位进行补偿。 补偿基于阻抗测量和等效电路参数。 阻抗测量与纯感应电磁换能器的数值模拟结果相关，计算出的等效电路参数与数值模拟结果相结合。
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36.发明授权Correction factors for electromagnetic measurements made through conductive material 有权通过导电材料进行电磁测量的校正因子公开(公告)号：US08332191B2
公开(公告)日：2012-12-11
申请号：US12641994
申请日：2009-12-18
申请人： Richard A. Rosthal , Hong Zhang , Cyrille Levesque , Guozhong Gao , H. Frank Morrison , David Alumbaugh
发明人： Richard A. Rosthal , Hong Zhang , Cyrille Levesque , Guozhong Gao , H. Frank Morrison , David Alumbaugh
CPC分类号： G01V3/28
摘要： The present disclosure relates to determining attenuation factors relating to an electromagnetic signal passing through, a conductive material seen by a real sensor. A sensor is provided and disposed proximate to the material. An alternating current is passed through the sensor and the impedance of the sensor is measured. The impedance of an ideal coil is obtained from the measured impedance using electromagnetic modeling combined with a circuit analysis of the coil impedance, and the attenuation factors for the real coil in straight or feedback mode are determined by electromagnetic modeling of casing attenuation factors and impedance of an ideal coil combined with equivalent circuit modeling of the sensor transfer functions. The attenuation factors seen by the real sensor may be determined in real-time or post-survey. The material may be magnetic or non-magnetic.
摘要翻译： 本公开涉及确定与通过真实传感器所看到的导电材料通过的电磁信号有关的衰减因子。 传感器被设置并靠近材料设置。 交流电流通过传感器，测量传感器的阻抗。 理想线圈的阻抗通过使用电磁建模与线圈阻抗的电路分析结合的测量阻抗获得，并且直线或反馈模式中的实线圈的衰减系数由壳体衰减因数和阻抗的电磁建模确定 理想的线圈结合传感器传递函数的等效电路建模。 真实传感器所看到的衰减因子可以在实时或后期测量中确定。 该材料可以是磁性或非磁性的。
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公开(公告)号：US08326539B2
公开(公告)日：2012-12-04
申请号：US12117089
申请日：2008-05-08
IPC分类号： G01V1/40
CPC分类号： G01V3/28
摘要： Impedances of an electromagnetic (EM) coil positioned in a well lined with an electrically conductive liner are determined. The impedances correspond to plural frequencies of operation of the EM coil. Based on the impedances of the EM coil corresponding to the plural frequencies, an attenuation factor associated with the electrically conductive liner is determined.
摘要翻译： 确定位于衬有导电衬垫的井中的电磁（EM）线圈的阻抗。 阻抗对应于EM线圈的多个操作频率。 基于对应于多个频率的EM线圈的阻抗，确定与导电衬垫相关联的衰减因子。
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38.发明申请Method and Apparatus for Removal of The Double Indication of Defects in Remote Eddy Current Inspection of Pipes 有权用于去除远程涡流检测管道缺陷的双重指示的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US20120095686A1
公开(公告)日：2012-04-19
申请号：US13266129
申请日：2010-06-25
CPC分类号： G01N27/902 , E21B47/082 , E21B49/003 , G01B7/10 , G01N27/9046 , G01N27/9073 , G01N27/9086
摘要： The apparatus employs the remote field eddy-current (RFEC) inspection technique to electromagnetically measure physical parameters of a metallic pipe. RFEC devices inserted into and displaced along a cylindrical pipes may be used to measure the ratio of pipe thickness to electromagnetic skin-depth and thus allow for the non-invasive detection of flaws or metal loss. Typically these RFEC thickness measurements exhibit a so-called double-indication of flaws, an undesired artifact due to a double-peaked geometrical sensitivity function of the device. The method describes a means by which this double indication artifact may be removed by an appropriate processing of RFEC measurements performed by an apparatus specifically designed for this purpose. The invention is particularly well designed for applications in the oilfield industry.
摘要翻译： 该装置采用远场涡流（RFEC）检测技术，电磁测量金属管道的物理参数。 可以使用沿圆柱形管插入和移位的RFEC装置来测量管厚度与电磁皮肤深度的比率，从而允许非侵入性检测缺陷或金属损失。 通常，这些RFEC厚度测量表现出所谓的缺陷双重指示，这是由于器件的双峰几何灵敏度功能引起的不期望的伪像。 该方法描述了通过由专门设计用于该目的的设备执行的RFEC测量的适当处理可以去除该双指示伪像的手段。 本发明特别适用于油田工业的应用。
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公开(公告)号：US20100134112A1
公开(公告)日：2010-06-03
申请号：US12581947
申请日：2009-10-20
申请人： Hong Zhang , Richard A. Rosthal
发明人： Hong Zhang , Richard A. Rosthal
摘要： A current sensor measures an electrical current flowing in well casing or other magnetic structure. The current sensor can be installed in a tool for performing electromagnetic (EM) induction surveying in a wellbore lined with an electrically conductive casing. The tool includes an EM element to transmit or receive a magnetic field through the casing. The measured current using the current sensor can be used to relate the change of casing effect on the EM element (e.g., an induction receiver) placed inside the well casing for performing the EM induction survey.
摘要翻译： 电流传感器测量在壳体或其他磁性结构中流动的电流。 电流传感器可以安装在用于在衬有导电外壳的井眼中进行电磁（EM）感应测量的工具中。 该工具包括用于通过壳体传送或接收磁场的EM元件。 使用电流传感器的测量电流可用于将套管效应的变化与放置在井套内的EM元件（例如，感应接收器）进行EM感应测量。
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40.发明授权Apparatus and methods for determining isotropic and anisotropic formation resistivity in the presence of invasion 失效在存在入侵时确定各向同性和各向异性地层电阻率的装置和方法公开(公告)号：US07619540B2
公开(公告)日：2009-11-17
申请号：US11436015
申请日：2006-05-17
IPC分类号： G01V3/00
CPC分类号： G01V3/28
摘要： A logging tool includes a tool body; a simple transmitter comprising a single antenna disposed on the tool body; four simple receivers, each comprising a single antenna, disposed on the tool body and spaced apart from the simple transmitter to form four arrays; and an electronic module for controlling operation of the four arrays, wherein the simple transmitter is configured to generate a magnetic field having a transverse component, wherein each of the four simple receivers is sensitive to the magnetic field generated by the simple transmitter, and at least one of the four simple receivers is sensitive to the transverse component of the magnetic field generated by the simple transmitter, and wherein the four arrays are configured to provide measurements at least three depths of investigation.
摘要翻译： 测井工具包括工具体; 简单的发射机，包括设置在所述工具主体上的单个天线; 四个简单接收器，每个包括单个天线，设置在工具主体上并与简单发射器间隔开以形成四个阵列; 以及用于控制四个阵列的操作的电子模块，其中简单发射器被配置为产生具有横向分量的磁场，其中四个简单接收机中的每一个对由简单发射机产生的磁场敏感，并且至少 四个简单接收器之一对于由简单发射器产生的磁场的横向分量敏感，并且其中四个阵列被配置为提供至少三个调查深度的测量。
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