摘要:
A drum-type washing machine employs a gasket water draining hose to enable used water to be discharged via the drainpipe, immediately following a washing or rinsing step. The drum-type washing machine includes a cabinet having a door; a tub for containing water, the tub having an entrance corresponding to the door of the cabinet; a gasket, connecting the door of the cabinet to the entrance of the tub, to prevent water contained in the tub from leaking outside the tub, the gasket having a first orifice provided at a bottom point thereof; a drainpipe, communicating with the tub, to discharge water contained in the tub, the drainpipe having a second orifice provided at one side thereof; and a water draining hose, communicating the first orifice with the second orifice, to discharge water via the drainpipe.
摘要:
Provided is a dispersion-shifted fiber for an optical parametric amplifier. The dispersion-shifted fiber is a silica-based optical fiber and has a large nonlinear coefficient and a small effective area. The dispersion-shifted fiber also reduces a bending loss and a splice loss due to a mode field diameter difference between it and a conventional single mode fiber. For this, the dispersion-shifted fiber comprises a rectangular core with a very small radius and a high refractive index, a depressed inner clad, and an outer clad with a ring. The core and/or the inner clad are/is doped with a heavy metal.
摘要:
Provided are a Raman amplifier and a Raman pumping method. A light source unit outputs a pumping light having a wavelength that periodically changes. A light intensity control unit varies a light intensity of the pumping light using the pumping light to improve the gain flatness of a Raman gain. A control unit directs the light intensity control unit to control the light intensity of the pumping light in synchronization with changes in the wavelength of the pumping light.
摘要:
A long-wavelength band (L-band) optical amplifier capable of maintaining a gain constant, thereby providing a stable optical output even when an optical power or a wavelength of a signal input thereto changes. The optical amplifier includes an amplifier which amplifies an input signal, and an amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) reflector which reflects backward ASE generated by the amplifier so that the backward ASE is fed back to the amplifier.
摘要:
A control device for controlling an electro-optic modulator which receives an optical input signal, modulates the optical input signal with an electrical input signal and a bias voltage signal, and outputs the modulated optical signal is provided. The control device includes: a light source for providing the optical input signal used for the optical modulation to the electro-optic modulator; an optical input measuring unit for measuring the intensity of the optical input signal outputted by the light source; an optical output measuring unit for measuring the intensity of the optical output signal outputted by the electro-optic modulator; and a controller for adjusting the bias voltage signal and the gain of the electrical input signal depending on the intensity of the optical input signal and the optical output signal measured respectively by the optical input measuring unit and the optical output measuring unit. The control device can control the electro-optic modulator by initializing bias voltage and gain of an electrical signal so that the electro-optic modulator can operate in optimized conditions, thus preventing distortion of the optical output signal and obtaining the maximum extinction ratio. In addition, the control device can adjust the bias voltage adaptively during the operation of the electro-optic modulator.
摘要:
A multichannel light source wavelength and strength stabilizing apparatus and a method thereof are disclosed. The apparatus includes a first proportional/integrator for receiving an output signal from the error detector, detecting a value proportional thereto, integrating the detected proportional value, generating a signal corresponding to the optimum feedback circuit, and outputting to the temperature controller; a current controller for providing the current capable of controlling the light strength in accordance with the signal inputted to the light source and stabilizing the light strength; a second optical coupling unit for dividing the output signal from the first optical coupling unit; a photodetector for converting the strength of a light among the output signals from the second optical coupling unit into an electrical signal; and a second proportional/integration unit for detecting a proportional value of the output signal from the optical detector, integrating the detected proportional value, generating a signal corresponding to the optimum feedback circuit, and outputting to the current controller.
摘要:
A wavelength aligning apparatus using an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG), and particularly, to a wavelength aligning apparatus using an arrayed waveguide grating which is capable of aligning optical sources using a transmission characteristic of an arrayed waveguide grating in a wavelength alignment method. The apparatus includes a signal generator for applying a signal spaced-apart at a predetermined interval near a predetermined frequency to a bias current of the light source and dithering a central wavelength of each light source, an arrayed waveguide grating for providing a reference wavelength causing a variation difference from the central portion due to a dithering of the central wavelength, a temperature controller for determining a reference wave length by constantly maintaining a temperature of the arrayed waveguide grating, an optical fiber coupler disposed in an output terminal of the arrayed waveguide grating for dividing the signal into a transmission signal and an incoming signal, a plurality of locking amplifiers and a proportional/integration/differentiating unit for computing a bias current corresponding to the detected error signal, and a superposing unit for superposing the computed bias current and a signal from the signal generator for output to the laser diode driver.