公开(公告)号：US20080137386A1

公开(公告)日：2008-06-12

申请号：US11677785

申请日：2007-02-22

Applicant: Ionel Jitaru ,  Phichej Cheevanantachai ,  Didier Chaumet ,  Heng Hsien Hsieh ,  Peng Seng Tang

Inventor： Ionel Jitaru ,  Phichej Cheevanantachai ,  Didier Chaumet ,  Heng Hsien Hsieh ,  Peng Seng Tang

IPC: H02M1/00

CPC classification number: H02M1/10 ,  G06F1/263 ,  H01R13/6675 ,  H01R31/065

Abstract: A DC-to-DC power adapter includes a first DC power input portion, a DC-to-DC power converting circuit and a first DC power output portion. The first DC power input portion is selectively connected to an AC-to-DC power adapter or a DC power connector for receiving a first input DC voltage from the AC-to-DC power adapter or a second input DC voltage from the DC power connector. The DC-to-DC power converting circuit is electrically connected to the first DC power input portion for converting the first input DC voltage or the second input DC voltage into a first DC output voltage. The first DC power output portion is electrically connected to the DC-to-DC power converting circuit for receiving and outputting the first DC output voltage.

Abstract translation: DC-DC电源适配器包括第一DC电力输入部分，DC-DC电力转换电路和第一DC电力输出部分。 第一直流电力输入部分选择性地连接到AC-DC电源适配器或直流电源连接器，用于接收来自AC-DC电源适配器的第一输入DC电压或来自DC电源连接器的第二输入DC电压 。 DC-DC电力转换电路电连接到第一DC电力输入部分，用于将第一输入DC电压或第二输入DC电压转换为第一DC输出电压。 第一DC电力输出部分电连接到DC-DC电力转换电路，用于接收和输出第一DC输出电压。

公开(公告)号：US06967553B2

公开(公告)日：2005-11-22

申请号：US10381161

申请日：2001-09-20

Applicant: Ionel Jitaru

Inventor： Ionel Jitaru

IPC: G11C11/15 ,  H01F3/10 ,  H01F27/34 ,  H01F27/36 ,  H01F17/06

CPC classification number: G11C11/15 ,  H01F3/10 ,  H01F27/2804 ,  H01F27/346 ,  H01F27/362

Abstract: A storage magnetic element, which minimizes the power loss in the planar winding due to the fringe magnetic field associated with a discrete air gap, is presented. The invention describes a construction technique wherein the magnetic core is formed by an E section made of high permeability magnetic material and an I section made by a material capable to store energy due to its distributed gap structure. The I section of the magnetic core in one of the embodiments is covered by an electrically conductive shied to force the magnetic flux into the I section and to minimize the component of the fringe magnetic field perpendicular on the planar winding. In another embodiment of this invention the electrically conductive shield is replaced by a high magnetic permeability material to accomplished the same goal of reducing the magnetic field component perpendicular on the planar winding. In a prefer embodiment of this invention the I section of the magnetic core has a cavity which will accommodate the middle leg of the E section. This construction will force the fringe magnetic field at the edge of the gap to be parallel with the planar winding of the storage magnetic element. In another embodiment of this invention a flat I section is used with the addition of another high permeability magnetic material placed on the I section on top of the winding. This construction will force the fringe magnetic field around the edge of the gap to be parallel with the planar winding. The embodiments of this invention are aimed at reducing the fringe magnetic field perpendicular on the planar winding, lowering the eddy current induced by this field.

Abstract translation: 提出了一种存储磁性元件，其使由于与离散气隙相关联的边缘磁场引起的平面绕组中的功率损耗最小化。 本发明描述了一种构造技术，其中磁芯由高磁导率磁性材料制成的E部分和由能够由于其分布的间隙结构而储存能量的材料制成的I部分形成。 其中一个实施例中的磁芯的I部分被导电覆盖，以将磁通量强制到I部分中并使垂直于平面绕组上的条纹磁场的分量最小化。 在本发明的另一个实施例中，导电屏蔽被高磁导率材料代替，以实现减少垂直于平面绕组上的磁场分量的相同目标。 在本发明的优选实施例中，磁芯的I部分具有容纳E部分的中间支脚的空腔。 这种结构将迫使间隙边缘处的边缘磁场与存储磁性元件的平面绕组平行。 在本发明的另一个实施例中，使用平坦I部分，其中添加另一个高磁导率磁性材料，放置在绕组顶部的I部分上。 这种结构将迫使间隙边缘周围的边缘磁场与平面绕组平行。 本发明的实施例旨在减少垂直于平面绕组上的条纹磁场，降低由该场引起的涡流。

公开(公告)号：US20050226009A1

公开(公告)日：2005-10-13

申请号：US10511114

申请日：2003-04-11

Applicant: Ionel Jitaru

Inventor： Ionel Jitaru

IPC: H02M3/28 ,  H02M3/335 ,  H02M3/337

CPC classification number: H02M3/33592 ,  H02M3/28 ,  H02M3/337 ,  H02M2001/0048 ,  Y02B70/1475 ,  Y02B70/1491

Abstract: A converter topology that eliminates reverse recovery losses in its output rectifying semiconductor devices employs an AC injection voltage source in series with a power transformer primary winding. Input semiconductor switches in the converter's primary circuit are controlled to provide in the power transformer secondary a voltage across the winding or windings in a first direction forward biasing one of the output rectifying devices followed by a lower level reverse biasing voltage produced by the injection voltage. This lower level voltage across the secondary turns off the previously conducting rectifier device and drives carriers out of its semiconductor junction or junctions to eliminate reverse recovery losses occurring when the secondary applies a higher level reverse bias across the non-conducting rectifier device. The injection voltage source can be a transformer in addition to the power transformer having a primary winding in series with the primary winding of the power transformer and a secondary winding connected to ground through a capacitor. In addition to preventing reverse recovery losses in the rectifying devices in the secondary, the injection voltage transformer also injects an AC triangular waveform current into the current in the converter primary input circuit to the junction of the semiconductor switches where they are connected in a bridge circuit supplying the power transformer primary. By this, the injection voltage source assures zero voltage switching of the semiconductor switches even at light loads.

Abstract translation: 在其输出整流半导体器件中消除反向恢复损耗的A转换器拓扑采用与电力变压器初级绕组串联的AC注入电压源。 控制转换器初级电路中的输入半导体开关被控制以在电源变压器中在第一方向上向绕组或绕组提供一个电压，该第一方向正向偏置输出整流装置之一，然后是由注入电压产生的较低电平的反向偏置电压。 次级两端的这种较低电平的电压会关闭先前导电的整流器件，并将载流子驱出其半导体结或结，以消除二次在非导通整流器件上施加较高电平的反向偏置时产生的反向恢复损耗。 除了具有与电力变压器的初级绕组串联的初级绕组的电力变压器和通过电容器连接到地的次级绕组之外，注入电压源可以是变压器。 除了防止次级的整流装置中的反向恢复损耗之外，注入电压变压器还将AC三角波电流注入到转换器初级输入电路中的电流中，以连接到桥式电路中的半导体开关的结 提供电源变压器初级。 由此，即使在轻负载下，注入电压源确保半导体开关的零电压切换。

公开(公告)号：US06862195B2

公开(公告)日：2005-03-01

申请号：US09260478

申请日：1999-03-01

Applicant: Ionel Jitaru

Inventor： Ionel Jitaru

IPC: H02M3/337 ,  H02M3/335

CPC classification number: H02M3/3376

Abstract: The present invention is a circuit and method for reducing switching and reverse recovery losses in the output rectifiers while creating zero voltage switching conditions for the primary switchers. There are described two output configurations, one employing a soft commutation inductor element a bridge rectifier and a output filter capacitor, the second using a soft commutation inductor element a rectification-filtering bridge composed by two capacitors and two capacitors. Both secondary circuits can be driven by three primary circuits. A first circuit is a full bridge with phase shift control, and a second circuit is a half bridge topology with an additional bydirectional switch which achieves two goals, on to get soft switching commutation across all the primary switches, the second to create the right waveforms in the secondary suitable with the claims in this invention. The third topology is a phase shifted two transistors forward. The circuits claimed in this invention can provide soft commutation across the primary switching elements and secondary rectifier means, clamping the voltage across the rectifiers to the output voltage eliminating the need for snubbers circuits both in primary and the secondary section.

Abstract translation: 本发明是一种用于降低输出整流器中的开关和反向恢复损耗的电路和方法，同时为主开关器产生零电压开关条件。 描述了两种输出配置，一种采用软整流电感器元件，桥式整流器和输出滤波电容器，第二种使用软整流电感器元件，由两个电容器和两个电容器组成的整流滤波电桥。 两个二次电路都可以由三个主电路驱动。 第一电路是具有相移控制的全桥，并且第二电路是具有附加的双向开关的半桥拓扑，其实现两个目标，以在所有初级开关上获得软开关换向，第二电路创建正确的波形 在适合于本发明权利要求的二级中。 第三种拓扑是向前移相的两个晶体管。 本发明要求保护的电路可以在主开关元件和次级整流器装置之间提供软整流，将整流器两端的电压钳位到输出电压，从而消除了初级和次级部分中缓冲电路的需要。

公开(公告)号：US06466454B1

公开(公告)日：2002-10-15

申请号：US09313939

申请日：1999-05-18

Applicant: Ionel Jitaru

Inventor： Ionel Jitaru

IPC: H01F2706

CPC classification number: H01F27/06 ,  H05K1/165 ,  H05K2201/086 ,  H05K2201/09063 ,  H05K2201/09572

Abstract: A new packaging technology which improves the electrical and mechanical performance of the circuits using magnetic elements. High frequency current loops generate electromagnetic fields which are radiated or induce high frequency current in the rest of the circuit. To reduce the radiated field, these loops have been minimized by locating the high frequency switching components close to each other and very close to the magnetic elements. By separating the high frequency switching electronic components from the rest of the electronic components and locating them on the same multilayer PCB where the magnetic element is constructed, optimal results are obtained.

Abstract translation: 一种新的封装技术，可以改善使用磁性元件的电路的电气和机械性能。 高频电流环路产生电磁场，其在电路的其余部分被辐射或引起高频电流。 为了减小辐射场，通过将高频开关部件彼此靠近并且非常接近磁性元件来定位这些环路已被最小化。 通过将高频开关电子部件与其余电子部件分离并将它们定位在构成磁性元件的同一多层PCB上，获得最佳结果。

公开(公告)号：US6046918A

公开(公告)日：2000-04-04

申请号：US310626

申请日：1999-05-12

Applicant: Ionel Jitaru

Inventor： Ionel Jitaru

IPC: H01F27/06 ,  H05K1/02 ,  H05K1/05 ,  H05K1/16 ,  H05K7/20 ,  H02M5/42

CPC classification number: H05K1/165 ,  H01F27/06 ,  H05K1/0206 ,  H05K7/209 ,  H05K1/0203 ,  H05K1/05 ,  H05K2201/066 ,  H05K2201/086 ,  H05K2201/09054 ,  H05K2201/09063 ,  H05K2201/09572 ,  H05K2201/09745 ,  H05K2201/10166 ,  H05K3/0061 ,  Y10T29/49165

Abstract: A transformer group in which a multitude of transformers are used to supply energy to a single load. The transformers are connected in series; in order to assist in providing a "flux equalizing" affect, the invention includes a flux equalizer circuit. The flux equalizer circuit provides a series of flux windings. Each flux winding is associated with a single transformer. The windings are arranged in parallel. In this manner, a balancing of the output of the transformers is obtained; the power output from each transformer is "sensed" by its associated flux winding which is "shared" with the other transformers via their own associated flux winding. Power is process then through the secondary windings, rectifiers, and output filters to a common load.

公开(公告)号：US5231563A

公开(公告)日：1993-07-27

申请号：US868924

申请日：1992-04-15

Applicant: Ionel Jitaru

Inventor： Ionel Jitaru

IPC: H02M3/335

CPC classification number: H02M3/33561 ,  H02M3/33569

Abstract: An improved power converter utilizing a full wave or half wave bridge circuit is provided by capacitively decoupling the primary winding of the transformer, which is coupled to the output of the bridge circuit. The switches in the bridge are also driven in a complementary fashion so that all the switches are turned off during a constant dead time during which the switches are driven to zero voltage. Switches in the bridge circuit are then turned on only at zero voltage. Zero voltage switching is further provided over a wider range of input and output conditions by providing a third switch in series circuit with a secondary winding of the transformer, typically either in the form of a saturable reactor or a synchronized switch. Further circuit advantages are obtained by deleting any center tap on the secondary winding and providing output chokes in series circuit with each terminal of the secondary winding and coupled at their opposing ends to one terminal of the output of the secondary circuit.

Abstract translation: 使用全波或半波桥电路的改进的功率转换器通过电容性地去耦合耦合到桥式电路的输出的变压器的初级绕组来提供。 桥中的开关也以互补的方式驱动，使得所有开关在恒定的死区时间期间被关断，在此期间开关被驱动到零电压。 桥接电路中的开关仅在零电压下导通。 通过提供与变压器的次级绕组串联电路的第三开关，通常以可饱和电抗器或同步开关的形式，在更宽范围的输入和输出条件下进一步提供零电压开关。 通过删除次级绕组上的任何中心抽头并且提供与次级绕组的每个端子串联电路的输出扼流圈并且在其相对端处耦合到次级电路的输出的一个端子来获得进一步的电路优点。

公开(公告)号：US11146177B2

公开(公告)日：2021-10-12

申请号：US16407905

申请日：2019-05-09

Applicant: Ionel Jitaru

Inventor： Ionel Jitaru

IPC: H02M3/335 ,  H02M1/08

Abstract: Systems and method for optimizing the efficiency of operation of electronic circuits, configured structured according to a true soft-switching phase-shifted full-bridge topology (where all the primary switching elements turn on at zero voltage and the secondary switching elements turn off at zero current with no ringing and no spikes across the secondary switching elements) with the use of unique current-injection approaches. An additional advantage of the embodiments of this invention is that the true soft switching feature applies regardless of the leakage inductance in the transformer.

公开(公告)号：US20190190394A1

公开(公告)日：2019-06-20

申请号：US15627832

申请日：2017-06-20

Applicant: Ionel Jitaru

Inventor： Ionel Jitaru

IPC: H02M3/335 ,  H02M1/08

Abstract: In this invention we introduce the concept of a soft switching half bridge switching cell wherein the soft switching is guaranteed by the magnetizing current. Further this soft switching half bridge cell contains at least two synchronous rectifiers in the secondary which are conducting together during the dead time of the primary switchers creating a short circuit across the secondary windings, trapping the magnetizing current and release the magnetizing current to discharge the parasitic capacitances across the primary switchers when the synchronous rectifiers turn off. The secondary windings are connected to a synchronized and controlled current source. The current demanded by the current source is shaped in such way that the current becomes zero before the synchronized rectifiers turn off, allowing the magnetizing current to discharge the parasitic capacitances of the primary switching elements in a monotonic way and create zero voltage switching conditions for the primary switchers and further charge in a monotonic way the parasitic capacitances of the secondary synchronous rectifiers without ringing and spikes. By shaping the current of the synchronized current source to reach zero before the secondary synchronous rectifiers turn off, soft switching is maintained in the half bridge cell under all line and load conditions.In one of the key embodiments the current of the synchronized current source will reach zero before the primary switchers turn off. In such configuration the dead time between the conduction of the primary switchers can be reduced to the transition time.This invention is proposing different ways to shape the current of the current source, some of the configuration being forward derived and some of them boost derived. These technologies are suitable also for bidirectional power transfer and for multiple independent outputsThe family of converters derived from the soft switching half bridge cell can be applied in many power conversion applications especially at high frequency due to guaranteed soft switching in all the line and load conditions.The methodologies of shaping the current of the syncroniosed current source do apply also to other topologies such as single ended forward converters.

公开(公告)号：US10205398B2

公开(公告)日：2019-02-12

申请号：US15463856

申请日：2017-03-20

Applicant: Ionel Jitaru

Inventor： Ionel Jitaru

IPC: H02M3/335 ,  H02M1/42 ,  H02M1/00

Abstract: In this invention we introduce the concept of a fundamental switching cell with complimentary switchers s and a controlled dead time which is one of the embodiments of this invention. This fundamental switching cell can be used in isolated DC-DC Converter applications and also used for totem pole bridgeless power factor correction applications. One of the main embodiments of this invention describes a circuit wherein such a fundamental switching cell is used to transfer the power across a transformer towards secondary while providing power factor correction for the input line current while extracting the energy from the line and steering the low frequency ripple of the input current towards the bulk capacitor and regulating the voltage in the secondary of the transformer.