Ultra-wideband communications system
    31.
    发明授权
    Ultra-wideband communications system 失效
    超宽带通信系统

    公开(公告)号:US06810087B2

    公开(公告)日:2004-10-26

    申请号:US09753443

    申请日:2001-01-03

    IPC分类号: H04L2700

    摘要: An ultra-wideband (UWB) communications system combines the techniques of a transmitted reference (TR) and a multiple access scheme called delay hopping (DH). Combining these two techniques using UWB signaling results in a penalty in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) over conventional pulse position modulation (PPM) techniques but avoids the synchronization difficulties associated with conventional approaches. The signaling pulse waveforms are designed to insure that their power spectral densities, after any frequency translation to the center of an operating band, are essentially spectrally disjoint with frequencies that must be protected. This TR technique is combined with the DH multiple access technique to create a UWB communications scheme that has a greater multiple access capacity than does the UWB TR technique by itself.

    摘要翻译: 超宽带(UWB)通信系统结合了传输参考(TR)和称为延迟跳变(DH)的多址方案的技术。 结合使用UWB信令的这两种技术相比传统脉冲位置调制(PPM)技术导致信噪比(SNR)的损失,但是避免了与常规方法相关的同步困难。 信号脉冲波形被设计成确保在对工作频带的中心进行任何频率转换之后它们的功率谱密度与必须被保护的频率基本上是光谱不相交的。 这种TR技术与DH多址接入技术相结合,以创建具有比UWB TR技术本身更大的多接入容量的UWB通信方案。

    Optimization of television reception by selecting among or combining multiple antenna inputs
    32.
    发明授权
    Optimization of television reception by selecting among or combining multiple antenna inputs 有权
    通过选择或组合多个天线输入来优化电视接收

    公开(公告)号:US06577353B1

    公开(公告)日:2003-06-10

    申请号:US09422445

    申请日:1999-10-21

    IPC分类号: H04N500

    摘要: In a system for optimizing television reception by a television receiver receiving a diversity of input signals from a plurality of antennas, one of a plurality of combiners and television tuners selects the strongest combination of input signals for viewing and another scans the various combinations of input signals searching for a combination significantly stronger than the combination being viewed. A plurality of multiplexers selects the output signal of one combiner and transmits the selected signal to one of the tuners. A signal evaluation module evaluates the strength of the combinations of input signals and compares the strength of each combination of input signals to the strength of the viewing signal, looking for a superior signal. A control processor controls the combination of input signals selected by the combiners and the combiner output signal selected by the multiplexers. The control processor converts any superior signal found into the signal being viewed, at which time the process starts over and repeats.

    摘要翻译: 在用于通过接收来自多个天线的多种输入信号的电视接收机优化电视接收的系统中,多个组合器和电视调谐器中的一个选择用于观看的输入信号的最强组合,并且另外扫描输入信号的各种组合 寻找一种显着强于组合的组合。 多个复用器选择一个组合器的输出信号,并将所选择的信号发送到调谐器之一。 信号评估模块评估输入信号的组合的强度,并将输入信号的每个组合的强度与观看信号的强度进行比较,寻找优越的信号。 控制处理器控制由组合器选择的输入信号和由多路复用器选择的组合器输出信号的组合。 控制处理器将发现的任何优秀信号转换成正在观看的信号,此时该过程开始并重复。

    Receiver for detecting an amplitude modulated signal insinuated on an GHM signal
    33.
    发明授权
    Receiver for detecting an amplitude modulated signal insinuated on an GHM signal 有权
    用于检测在GHM信号上暗示的幅度调制信号的接收器

    公开(公告)号:US06430210B1

    公开(公告)日:2002-08-06

    申请号:US09285664

    申请日:1999-04-05

    IPC分类号: A61F206

    CPC分类号: H04L27/28

    摘要: A receiver for enabling one-way communications in a GHM network which does not interfere with or reduce the capability of the GHM network. The receiver detects a small modulation factor signal present on the GHM signal normally transmitted by the GHM transmitter. If the frequency of the modulated signal corresponds to a pre-defined frequency, then the receiver generates a command signal to, for example, a relay, annunciator, or other external device. More particularly, and in one embodiment, the receiver includes a filter which partially isolates the GHM energy from the lower 60 Hz harmonics. The receiver also includes a envelope detector coupled to filter. The envelope detector is coupled to a frequency detector. The frequency detector is coupled to a command decoder. The command decoder determines whether a plurality of AM modulation frequencies are present on the received signal. If the AM modulation signal is a specified frequency the decoder generates a signal which, in turn, causes signal generator to generate a command signal for transmission to an external device.

    摘要翻译: 用于在GHM网络中实现单向通信的接收机,其不干扰或降低GHM网络的能力。 接收机检测由GHM发射机正常发送的GHM信号上存在的小调制因子信号。 如果调制信号的频率对应于预先定义的频率,则接收机向例如继电器,信号器或其他外部设备产生命令信号。 更具体地,在一个实施例中,接收器包括将GHM能量与较低的60Hz谐波部分隔离的滤波器。 接收机还包括耦合到滤波器的包络检测器。 包络检测器耦合到频率检测器。 频率检测器耦合到命令解码器。 命令解码器确定接收信号上是否存在多个AM调制频率。 如果AM调制信号是指定频率,则解码器产生一个信号,该信号又使得信号发生器产生用于发送到外部设备的命令信号。

    Modulation of pilot tone amplitude in DTV broadcast for faster channel acquisition
    34.
    发明授权
    Modulation of pilot tone amplitude in DTV broadcast for faster channel acquisition 有权
    调制DTV广播中的导频音振幅,以实现更快的信道采集

    公开(公告)号:US06417890B1

    公开(公告)日:2002-07-09

    申请号:US09422442

    申请日:1999-10-21

    IPC分类号: H04N521

    CPC分类号: H04N5/211

    摘要: The existing ATSC broadcast standard is modified to improve both the speed at which the periodically transmitted training sequence is found after channel selection by a viewer and the speed at which synchronization is achieved to a continuous wideband overlay signal used for equalization of the decoded signal. The modification involves slight amplitude modulation of the pilot signal in a manner synchronized with the transmission of the training sequences. The modulation of the pilot signal is sufficiently small to be ignored by existing ATSC receivers; that is, it is backwards compatible. Properly equipped receivers can detect, more quickly than receivers not so equipped, transmission of the training sequence by decoding this pilot signal modulation, thereby being capable of providing a decoded image to a viewer more quickly after a channel change than a receiver not so equipped. Additionally, the time required to synchronize to a continuous wideband overlay signal which has been provided for equalization is reduced, as by varying the modulation slightly to correspond to the start of a particular phase portion of the periodic sequence such as an m-sequence used for the overlay.

    摘要翻译: 修改现有的ATSC广播标准,以改善观众频道选择之后发现周期性发送的训练序列的速度和实现同步的速度到用于解码信号的均衡的连续宽带覆盖信号。 该修改涉及以与训练序列的传输同步的方式对导频信号进行轻微的幅度调制。 导频信号的调制足够小,可以被现有的ATSC接收机忽略; 也就是说,它是向后兼容的。 正确配备的接收机可以比没有配备的接收机更快地检测到通过解码该导频信号调制的训练序列的传输,从而能够在频道改变之后更快地向观看者提供解码图像,而不是没有配备的接收机。 此外,与已经提供用于均衡的连续宽带覆盖信号同步所需的时间被减少,如通过稍微改变调制以对应于周期性序列的特定相位部分的开始,例如用于 覆盖层。

    Automatic serialization of an array of wireless nodes based on coupled
oscillator model
    35.
    发明授权
    Automatic serialization of an array of wireless nodes based on coupled oscillator model 失效
    基于耦合振荡器模型的无线节点阵列的自动序列化

    公开(公告)号:US6144900A

    公开(公告)日:2000-11-07

    申请号:US62018

    申请日:1998-04-17

    IPC分类号: B61L15/00 G05D1/00 G06F7/00

    CPC分类号: B61L15/0027 B61L15/0054

    摘要: A linking process allows a head-end unit (HEU) of a railroad train to determine the sequence of cars in the train using wireless links between nodes on the cars, and requires no physical connection between the nodes or cars. Each car in the train is equipped with a wireless communication device which models an oscillator i. Each oscillator is phase-variable, the phase .theta..sub.i linearly increasing from 0 to 1 such that, when the i.sup.th oscillator "fires", transmitting a packet, and phase .theta..sub.i then jumps back to zero. When a car receives the transmission of another car, it changes the phase of its oscillator according to a phase-response curve function, setting up a wave pattern of transmission from nodes, from one end of the train to the other end. The wave pattern, along with protocol logic, enables each car to determine the sequence in which cars are arranged in its vicinity. The protocol logic also enables each car to forward or relay this "local map" from all cars to the HEU, allowing the HEU to construct the entire train map which is the sequence of cars in the train. The compiled train map is compared with consist information and the operator is notified of any discrepancy.

    摘要翻译: 链接过程允许铁路车站的头端单元(HEU)使用汽车上的节点之间的无线链路来确定列车中的轿厢的顺序,并且不需要节点或汽车之间的物理连接。 列车中的每辆车配备了一个无线通信设备,可以对振荡器进行建模。 每个振荡器是相位可变的,相位θi从0线性增加到1,使得当第i个振荡器“发射”时,发送一个分组,然后相位θi跳回到零。 当汽车接收到另一辆车的发射时,根据相位响应曲线函数改变其振荡器的相位,从节点的一端建立从列车的一端到另一端的传输波形。 波形与协议逻辑一起使每辆车能够确定汽车在其附近排列的顺序。 协议逻辑还使每辆车能够将所有车辆的“本地地图”转发或传递到HEU,从而允许HEU构建列车中的列车序列的整个列车地图。 将编译的火车地图与组合信息进行比较,并向运营商通报任何差异。

    Dicing saw alignment for array ultrasonic transducer fabrication
    36.
    发明授权
    Dicing saw alignment for array ultrasonic transducer fabrication 失效
    切割锯对准阵列超声波换能器制造

    公开(公告)号:US5865163A

    公开(公告)日:1999-02-02

    申请号:US938795

    申请日:1997-09-26

    IPC分类号: B06B1/06 H01L21/78 B28D1/06

    摘要: An array ultrasonic transducer precursor includes a body of piezoelectric material with a dielectric substrate bonded to a surface of the body. Circuit elements supported on the dielectric substrate include, in an active region, physically parallel signal conductors arranged in a pattern with spaces between adjacent ones of the conductors. Dicing saw cuts made in these spaces define individual circuit elements within the piezoelectric body. The circuit elements outside the active region include a set of resistive alignment elements in predetermined positions with reference to the pattern of signal conductors. The transducer precursor is mounted in a dicing saw fixture, and initial cuts made with the dicing saw remove portions of the resistive alignment elements. Locations of the initial cuts with reference to the resistive alignment elements are determined by measuring resistances of the resistive alignment elements after the initial cuts.

    摘要翻译: 阵列超声波换能器前体包括压电材料体,其中电介质基底结合到主体的表面。 支撑在电介质基片上的电路元件在有源区域中包括物理上平行的信号导体,其布置成具有在相邻导体之间的间隔的图案。 在这些空间中制成的切割锯切口限定了压电体内的各个电路元件。 有源区域之外的电路元件包括参考信号导体图案的预定位置的一组电阻对准元件。 换能器前体安装在切割锯夹具中,用切割锯制成的初始切口去除电阻对准元件的部分。 参考电阻对准元件的初始切割的位置通过在初始切割之后测量电阻对准元件的电阻来确定。

    Narrow band pass filter
    37.
    发明授权
    Narrow band pass filter 有权
    窄带通滤波器

    公开(公告)号:US07652526B2

    公开(公告)日:2010-01-26

    申请号:US11499961

    申请日:2006-08-07

    IPC分类号: H03K17/16 H03H11/02

    摘要: A switched capacitor narrow band pass filter includes a first switch including a first pole movable between two first switch terminals, a second switch including a second pole moveable between second switch terminals, and a third switch including additional poles movable between third switch terminals. The filter further includes an effective capacitor coupled to the first pole and a plurality of matchinq capacitors coupled respectively to the second and third switch terminals. The additional poles are coupled to the third switch terminals according to a first predetermined sequence and to the third switch terminals at a predetermined frequency. A differential amplifier assembly includes two positive and two negative terminals coupled to the additional poles in a second predetermined sequence wherein two of the additional poles are coupled to the positive terminals and two others of the additional poles are coupled to the negative terminals for signal summation.

    摘要翻译: 开关电容器窄带通滤波器包括:第一开关,其包括可在两个第一开关端子之间移动的第一极;第二开关,包括可在第二开关端子之间移动的第二极;以及第三开关,其包括可在第三开关端子之间移动的附加极。 滤波器还包括耦合到第一极的有效电容器和分别耦合到第二和第三开关端子的多个匹配电容器。 附加极根据第一预定顺序耦合到第三开关端子,并以预定频率耦合到第三开关端子。 差分放大器组件包括以第二预定顺序耦合到附加极的两个正极和两个负极端子,其中两个附加极耦合到正极端子,另外两个额外的极点耦合到负极端子用于信号求和。

    Self powered railway monitoring system
    38.
    发明授权
    Self powered railway monitoring system 有权
    自动铁路监控系统

    公开(公告)号:US07364123B2

    公开(公告)日:2008-04-29

    申请号:US11005344

    申请日:2004-12-06

    IPC分类号: B61L11/00

    摘要: A data gathering apparatus comprises a power generation device configured to generate power via movement of the rail. The data gathering apparatus further comprises a sensing device configured to receive power from the power generation device and to sense at least one property of the rail, wherein the property of the rail is at least partially defined by a vehicle traveling on the rail.

    摘要翻译: 一种数据采集装置,包括配置成通过轨道的移动产生电力的发电装置。 数据采集​​装置还包括感测装置,其被配置为从发电装置接收电力并且感测轨道的至少一个性质,其中轨道的性质至少部分地由在轨道上行驶的车辆限定。

    Location system using retransmission of identifying information
    39.
    发明授权
    Location system using retransmission of identifying information 失效
    使用重新发送识别信息的定位系统

    公开(公告)号:US06970097B2

    公开(公告)日:2005-11-29

    申请号:US09681621

    申请日:2001-05-10

    摘要: A location system and method for determining the location of a tagged item in a facility. In one embodiment, the location system includes a plurality of room transmitters designed to be located throughout the facility. Each room transmitter has a unique signature. The system also includes at least one item or location tag affixed or otherwise associated with an item. Each tag is operable to send a signal having information related to the signature of a room transmitter within the reception range of the tag and information related to the identity of the tag. Signals from the tags are received by one or more locating receivers. Each locating receiver is operable to determine the identity of an item tag and the likely location of the item tag within the facility based upon the signal from that tag. The invention also provides a method of locating an item in a facility. In one embodiment, the method includes positioning room transmitters in multiple areas within a facility; configuring each room transmitter to generate a unique signature; fitting items with a tag; configuring each tag to generate a signal having a location portion and a signature portion; positioning a locating receiver within the facility; and determining the likely location and identity of that tag based on the tag's signal.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于确定设施中标记物品的位置的位置系统和方法。 在一个实施例中,定位系统包括设计成位于整个设施中的多个房间发射器。 每间房间的变送器都有独特的标志。 系统还包括至少一个项目或位置标签,或者以其他方式与项目相关联。 每个标签可操作以在标签的接收范围内发送具有与房间发送器的签名有关的信息的信号以及与标签的身份有关的信息。 来自标签的信号由一个或多个定位接收器接收。 每个定位接收器可操作以基于来自该标签的信号来确定项目标签的身份以及项目标签在设施内的可能位置。 本发明还提供了一种在设施中定位物品的方法。 在一个实施例中,该方法包括将房间发射器定位在设施内的多个区域中; 配置每个房间发送器以生成唯一签名; 配有标签的物品; 配置每个标签以产生具有位置部分和签名部分的信号; 将定位接收器定位在设施内; 以及基于标签的信号确定该标签的可能位置和身份。