Abstract:
A composition contains ethylenically unsaturated quaternary ammonium cations with ethylenically unsaturated carboxylate anion counterions and less than one mole-percent chloride relative to quaternary ammonium cations. Polymerization of the composition yields a mixed-charge polymer.
Abstract:
A composition contains a mixed-charge polymer comprising independent pendant quaternary ammonium functionalities and pendant carboxylate functionalities extending from the polymer backbone, wherein the composition comprises less than one weight-percent chloride relative to composition weight.
Abstract:
The present invention is a process for converting a phosphonate to a hydroxyalkyl phosphonic acid comprising the step of contacting together water, the phosphonate, and a sulfonated or phosphonated heterogeneous catalyst under conditions sufficient to convert at least 50% of the phosphonate to the hydroxyalkyl phosphonic acid. The process of the present invention provides a way of preparing hydroxyalkyl phosphonic acids safely and economically, without corrosive effects.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a composition comprising a stable aqueous dispersion of polymer particles comprising structural units of a polymerizable amino acid and structural units of an acid monomer or a salt thereof. The composition of the present invention is useful in improving lipstick stain resistance in coatings compositions.
Abstract:
A multistage process for the preparation of methacrylic acid and esters thereof via the hydrolysis of ACH, cracking the hydrolysis products, and converting the cracked products to the desired acid or ester, wherein the average temperature in the first hydrolysis reactor is from 55 C to 70 C.