摘要:
A method for air conditioning for vehicles comprising a step of detecting a temperature of a passenger compartment of a vehicle, an atmospheric temperature and a preset temperature in the initial period of air conditioning, a step of judging the results of comparisons between said temperatures and a step of switching between air conditioning by the circulation of inside air and air conditioning by the introduction of outside air.
摘要:
An intake system comprises an intake manifold having a heat riser and a plurality of manifold passages extending from the heat riser to cylinders of an engine. The heat riser is heated by exhaust gases from the engine and a cooling liquid jacket conducts the engine cooling liquid around the intake manifold.
摘要:
Provided are a liquid crystal display device, in particular, an optical compensation film and a polarizing plate having an excellent optical compensation function for OCB mode liquid crystal display device which has a rapid response speed and a suitability for moving images and capable of further contributing to thinning the liquid crystal display device, as well as the OCB mode liquid crystal display device having a high display grade, the rapid response speed, the suitability for moving images and a high transmittance. For this purpose, a roll-shaped lengthy optical compensation film wherein values of Re(0°), Re(40°) and Re(−40°) thereof are in the ranges of 37±6 nm, 50±6 nm and 124±12 nm, respectively is provided.
摘要:
An optical compensation film is provided and includes a cellulose acylate film and an optically anisotropic layer containing a liquid crystalline compound. The cellulose acylate film satisfies specific conditions in relation to substitution degrees of hydroxyl groups in glucose units constituting cellulose of the cellulose acylate film, and has a thickness of 40 to 85 μm.
摘要:
A polarizing plate comprises a light-scattering polarizing element and a light-absorbing polarizing element. The elements are so arranged that the polarizing transmission axis of the light-scattering polarizing element is essentially parallel to the polarizing transmission axis of the light-absorbing polarizing element. The light-scattering polarizing element has a polarizing layer comprising an optically isotropic continuous phase and an optically anisotropic discontinuous phase.
摘要:
An optical film is provided and includes a transparent polymer film. The optical film satisfies specific relations of retardation values and has a glass transition temperature of 120° C. or higher
摘要:
A liquid crystal cell of bend alignment mode or hybrid alignment mode should be optically compensated suitably enough to display an image of high contrast. In the displayed image, change of hue is little, and no inversion of gradation is observed. In a liquid crystal display having a liquid crystal cell of bend alignment mode and a pair of polarizing plates, one of the polarizing plates comprises a polarizing membrane and two optically anisotropic layers. A first optically anisotropic layer is made from discotic compounds oriented in hybrid alignment, and is placed so that a direction giving the maximum refractive index in plane may be essentially at 45° to a transmission axis in plane of the polarizing membrane. The second optically anisotropic layer consists of a cellulose ester film, and is placed so that a direction giving the maximum refractive index in plane may be essentially parallel or perpendicular to a transmission axis in plane of the polarizing membrane. The liquid crystal cell of bend alignment mode and the first and second optically anisotropic layers have appropriate optical characters measured at any wavelength of 450 nm, 550 nm and 630 nm. Similar optical characters are also effective in a liquid crystal cell of hybrid alignment mode.
摘要:
In a liquid crystal display device, a light source, a light-scattering or light-reflecting polarizer, a light-absorbing polarizer, liquid crystal cells, and a light-absorbing polarizer are disposed in this order. A light source side transparent protecting film of the light-absorbing polarizer on the light source side uses a transparent polymer film whose in-plane retardation value and retardation value of the thickness direction are low.
摘要:
An optical compensation sheet for a TN-mode liquid crystal display device is provided and includes a transparent film including one or more layers, and the optical compensation sheet satisfies formulae (1) and (2). 40≦Re(550)≦130 (1) 100≦Rth(550)≦200 (2) Re(λ) is an in-plane retardation value for light at a wavelength of λ nm, and Rth(λ) is a retardation vale in a thickness direction for light at a wavelength of λ nm.
摘要:
A diffusion film includes a transparent substrate and a diffusion layer. The diffusion layer shows a specific scattered light profile measured by a goniophotometer. In the scattered light profile, a ratio of an intensity of scattered light at an angle of 30° to an intensity of transmitted light at an angle of 0° is 0.01 to 0.2%.