公开(公告)号：US5765029A

公开(公告)日：1998-06-09

申请号：US646540

申请日：1996-05-08

申请人： Stuart A. Schweid ,  Jeng-Nan Shiau ,  Raymond J. Clark

发明人： Stuart A. Schweid ,  Jeng-Nan Shiau ,  Raymond J. Clark

IPC分类号： G06T5/20 ,  G06T7/40 ,  H04N1/40 ,  G06F9/44 ,  G06K9/46

CPC分类号： G06T7/403 ,  H04N1/40062 ,  Y10S706/90

摘要： A method and system electronically fuzzy classify a pixel belonging to a set of digital image data with respect to a membership of the pixel in a plurality of image classes. This process determines a fuzzy classification of the pixel and generates an effect tag for the pixel based on the fuzzy classification determination. Each class is defined by a set of heuristic rules such that the image classes are non-mutually exclusive. The heuristic rules are a set of conditions that define the membership value of the pixel within a certain class, thereby allowing a pixel to have a membership value in every possible image class.

摘要翻译： 电子模糊方法和系统相对于多个图像类别中的像素的隶属度来归类属于一组数字图像数据的像素。 该过程确定像素的模糊分类，并且基于模糊分类确定为像素生成效应标签。 每个类由一组启发式规则定义，使得图像类是非互斥的。 启发式规则是一组条件，用于定义某个类中像素的隶属度值，从而允许像素在每个可能的图像类中具有隶属值。

公开(公告)号：US5608821A

公开(公告)日：1997-03-04

申请号：US285326

申请日：1994-08-03

申请人： David J. Metcalfe ,  Jeng-Nan Shiau ,  Leon C. Williams

发明人： David J. Metcalfe ,  Jeng-Nan Shiau ,  Leon C. Williams

IPC分类号： H04N1/403 ,  H04N1/405 ,  G06K9/36

CPC分类号： H04N1/4052

摘要： A method and system implements a high addressability characteristic into an error diffusion process. A grey level value representing a pixel is received: The grey level value has a first resolution which corresponds to an original input resolution. The grey level value is interpolated to generate subpixel grey level values which correspond to a second resolution. The second resolution is higher than the first resolution and corresponds to the high addressability characteristic. A threshold circuit thresholds the interpolated grey level value and generates an error value as a result of the threshold. The error value has a resolution corresponding to the first resolution. A portion of the error value is diffused to adjacent pixels on a next scanline.

摘要翻译： 一种方法和系统在误差扩散过程中实现了高寻址特性。 接收表示像素的灰度值。灰度级具有对应于原始输入分辨率的第一分辨率。 内插灰度值以生成对应于第二分辨率的子像素灰度级值。 第二分辨率高于第一分辨率，并且对应于高寻址特性。 阈值电路对内插灰度值进行阈值，并作为阈值的结果生成错误值。 误差值具有对应于第一分辨率的分辨率。 错误值的一部分扩散到下一个扫描线上的相邻像素。

公开(公告)号：US07421143B2

公开(公告)日：2008-09-02

申请号：US10709832

申请日：2004-06-01

申请人： Xing Li ,  Stuart A. Schweid ,  Jeng-nan Shiau

发明人： Xing Li ,  Stuart A. Schweid ,  Jeng-nan Shiau

IPC分类号： G06K9/40

CPC分类号： H04N1/40062 ,  H04N1/4072

摘要： A method for dynamic range adjustment of image data of a captured image by determining a white point of an image. The method also involves determining a black point of the image, classifying pixels of the image, and determining an offset value for a pixel of the image based on the determined black point of the image and the determined classification of the pixel. Dynamic range adjustment of the image data is performed using the determined offset value for the pixels of the image and the determined white point of the image.

摘要翻译： 通过确定图像的白点来对拍摄图像的图像数据进行动态范围调整的方法。 该方法还包括确定图像的黑点，对图像的像素进行分类，以及基于确定的图像的黑点和所确定的像素的分类来确定图像的像素的偏移值。 使用确定的图像的像素的偏移值和确定的图像的白点来执行图像数据的动态范围调整。

公开(公告)号：US20060269142A1

公开(公告)日：2006-11-30

申请号：US11139781

申请日：2005-05-31

申请人： Stuart Schweid ,  Jeng-Nan Shiau

发明人： Stuart Schweid ,  Jeng-Nan Shiau

IPC分类号： G06K9/62

CPC分类号： G06K9/00456

摘要： Methods and apparatus may include assigning a subtype, from a sub-class of image types, to a pixel, the subtype indicating membership in a window and also indicating a more specialized sub-class of image types. Membership in the sub-class may specify downstream processing specific to the subtype and compatible with the downstream processing of other subtypes within the sub-class. Such methods and apparatus may allow individual pixels within a window to receive specialized downstream processing according to their subtype while preventing objectionable artifacts. Such artifacts may result from classifying neighboring pixels as image types calling for mutually incompatible downstream processing.

摘要翻译： 方法和装置可以包括将子类型从图像类型的子类别分配给像素，指示窗口中的成员资格的子类型，并且还指示更专门的图像类型的子类。 子类中的成员可以指定特定于子类型的下游处理，并与子类中其他子类型的下游处理兼容。 这样的方法和装置可以允许窗口内的各个像素根据它们的子类型接收专门的下游处理，同时防止令人反感的伪像。 这样的伪像可能是由于将相邻像素分类为要求相互不兼容的下游处理的图像类型。

公开(公告)号：US20060268344A1

公开(公告)日：2006-11-30

申请号：US11155982

申请日：2005-06-17

申请人： Jeng-nan Shiau

发明人： Jeng-nan Shiau

IPC分类号： H04N1/40

CPC分类号： H04N1/38 ,  G06K9/38 ,  G06K2209/01 ,  H04N1/56

摘要： A system and method remove at least one color from a color image in a chrominance-luminance color space. The processing method includes generating screen values for machine independent color space image pixels, comparing the screen values for the pixels with pixel values for one component of the machine independent color space, and generating a dropout pixel for each pixel having a screen value that is less than the pixel value for the one component of the machine independent color space. The screen value for a pixel may be compared to the pixel value for the luminance component to determine whether to generate a dropout pixel or not.

公开(公告)号：US20050265600A1

公开(公告)日：2005-12-01

申请号：US10709833

申请日：2004-06-01

申请人： Xing LI ,  Jeng-nan SHIAU ,  Stuart SCHWEID

发明人： Xing LI ,  Jeng-nan SHIAU ,  Stuart SCHWEID

IPC分类号： G06K9/00 ,  G06K9/20 ,  H04N1/40

CPC分类号： G06K9/00456 ,  H04N1/40062

摘要： A pixel classification method for classifying pixels of an image by determining a background intensity level of an image which is based on substantially all of the pixels of the image. The method also involves classifying the pixels of the image and checking the classification of the pixel based on the determined background intensity level of the image.

摘要翻译： 一种像素分类方法，用于通过确定基于图像的基本上所有像素的图像的背景强度水平来对图像的像素进行分类。 该方法还涉及对图像的像素进行分类，并且基于确定的图像的背景强度级别来检查像素的分类。

公开(公告)号：US06535633B1

公开(公告)日：2003-03-18

申请号：US09405712

申请日：1999-09-24

申请人： Stuart A. Schweid ,  Jeng-nan Shiau

发明人： Stuart A. Schweid ,  Jeng-nan Shiau

IPC分类号： G06K900

CPC分类号： H04N1/56 ,  G06T7/11 ,  G06T2207/10024 ,  G06T2207/30176 ,  H04N1/40062

摘要： A method and apparatus are provided for use in single channel segmentation of color images for reclassifying pixels which were inappropriately classified as belonging to a “black” or “white” class. The apparatus includes a re-classification circuit receiving first classification data generated by a single channel segmentation circuit operative to classify pixels of a multi-color channel input image. The re-classification circuit selectively re-classifies pixels that were previously classified by the single channel segmentation circuit into an “other” segmentation class based on a comparison of classification data associated with the pixels relative to a set of predefined classification data types. Particularly, the re-classification circuit reclassifies selected ones of the pixels into the “other” segmentation class when first classification data generated by the single channel segmentation circuit labels the pixels as a “white” or “black” data type.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于彩色图像的单通道分割的方法和装置，用于将不适当地归类为属于“黑色”或“白色”类的像素重新分类。 该装置包括接收由单通道分割电路生成的第一分类数据的再分类电路，其操作以对多色信道输入图像的像素进行分类。 重新分类电路基于与相对于一组预定义分类数据类型的像素相关联的分类数据的比较，有选择地将先前由单个信道分割电路分类的像素重新分类为“其他”分割类别。 特别地，当由单个信道分割电路产生的第一分类数据将像素标记为“白色”或“黑色”数据类型时，重新分类电路将所选择的像素重新分类为“其他”分割类别。

公开(公告)号：US06249357B1

公开(公告)日：2001-06-19

申请号：US08655423

申请日：1996-05-30

申请人： David J. Metcalfe ,  Jeng-Nan Shiau

发明人： David J. Metcalfe ,  Jeng-Nan Shiau

IPC分类号： H04N140

CPC分类号： H04N1/4052

摘要： A high addressable hybrid error diffusion process adds an error value to an input grey image value to produce a modified input grey image value before comparing the modified input grey image value with a predetermined threshold value. A rendering value and error is generated based on the comparison. The error is equal to n(GL/N)*Aeff, wherein n is equal to the number of subpixels turned ON, GL is the maximum grey value for a pixel, N is the addressability of the rendering system, and Aeff is an effective spot area value for the rendering system. The effective spot area value is retrieved from a look-up table having a plurality of effective spot area values based on the input grey image value. The effective spot area values is created from a process of scanning a set of grey test patches corresponding to a set of known grey input values and generating image data therefrom, printing a set of grey patches based on the generated image data, measuring a reflectance of each grey test patch to generate a plurality of output grey values, one output grey value for each test patch and corresponding known grey input value, generating a tonal reproduction curve from the set of known grey input values and corresponding output grey values, calculating a plurality of effective spot area values, each effective spot area value being a result of dividing one output grey value by the corresponding known grey input value, and storing the plurality of effective spot area values as a function of the output grey value. The generated error is fractionalized and diffused to neighboring pixels.

摘要翻译： 高可寻址混合误差扩散处理将误差值与输入灰度图像值相加，以在将修改的输入灰度图像值与预定阈值进行比较之前产生经修改的输入灰度图像值。 基于比较生成渲染值和错误。 误差等于n（GL / N）* Aeff，其中n等于子像素打开的数量，GL是像素的最大灰度值，N是渲染系统的可寻址性，Aeff是一个有效的 渲染系统的区域值。 基于输入的灰度图像值，从具有多个有效光斑面积值的查找表中检索有效光斑面积值。 从对与一组已知灰色输入值相对应的一组灰色测试片进行扫描和从其生成图像数据的过程创建有效斑点值，基于所生成的图像数据打印一组灰色片，测量反射率 每个灰色测试贴片以产生多个输出灰度值，每个测试贴片的一个输出灰度值和相应的已知灰色输入值，从已知灰色输入值集合和对应的输出灰度值产生色调再现曲线，计算多个 每个有效斑点面积值是将一个输出灰度值除以相应的已知灰色输入值的结果，并且存储多个有效光斑面积值作为输出灰度值的函数。 所产生的误差被分数化并扩散到相邻像素。

公开(公告)号：US06222642B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-24

申请号：US09131912

申请日：1998-08-10

申请人： Barbara L. Farrell ,  Jeng-nan Shiau

发明人： Barbara L. Farrell ,  Jeng-nan Shiau

IPC分类号： G06K1502

CPC分类号： G06K9/38 ,  G06K9/40 ,  G06K2209/01 ,  G06T7/11 ,  G06T7/194 ,  G06T2207/10008 ,  G06T2207/30176 ,  H04N1/40 ,  H04N1/4074

摘要： An image desired to be reproduced is scanned to determine its video pixel gray values. A histogram generator generates a histogram distribution representing a frequency of the gray values. The histogram distribution is analyzed to determine a background peak gray value of the image and a standard deviation of the histogram distribution based on a Gaussian approximation. A thresholding circuit dynamically adjusts the background peak value based on the standard deviation and a selected scaling factor to generate a background threshold value. The background threshold value expands a range of background gray values in the image which are eliminated during image reproduction. Eliminating substantially all background gray values improves the quality of the reproduced image.

摘要翻译： 扫描期望再现的图像以确定其视频像素灰度值。 直方图生成器生成表示灰度值的频率的直方图分布。 分析直方图分布以确定图像的背景峰值灰度值和基于高斯近似的直方图分布的标准偏差。 阈值电路基于标准偏差和所选的缩放因子来动态地调整背景峰值以产生背景阈值。 背景阈值扩大了在图像再现期间消除的图像中的背景灰度值的范围。 消除基本上所有的背景灰度值改善了再现图像的质量。

公开(公告)号：US6144775A

公开(公告)日：2000-11-07

申请号：US979320

申请日：1997-11-26

申请人： Leon C. Williams ,  Jeng-Nan Shiau ,  David J. Metcalfe

发明人： Leon C. Williams ,  Jeng-Nan Shiau ,  David J. Metcalfe

IPC分类号： G06T5/00 ,  H04N1/405 ,  G06K9/36 ,  H04N1/40

CPC分类号： H04N1/4053

摘要： A method and system implements a dynamic error diffusion process. A grey level value representing a pixel is received. An image segmentation circuit determines an image characteristic of the pixel being processed. A threshold circuit thresholds the grey level value (pixel) and generates an error value as a result of the threshold process. A portion of the error value is diffused to adjacent pixels on a next scanline. The distribution of this error value is dynamic in that different sets of weighting coefficients are used based the image characteristic of the processed pixel. One set of coefficients are utilized in processing a pixel having a first image characteristic, and a second set of coefficients are utilized in processing a pixel having a second image characteristic.

摘要翻译： 一种方法和系统实现了动态误差扩散过程。 接收表示像素的灰度值。 图像分割电路确定正在处理的像素的图像特性。 阈值电路对灰度值（像素）进行阈值，并作为阈值处理的结果产生误差值。 错误值的一部分扩散到下一个扫描线上的相邻像素。 基于经处理的像素的图像特性，使用不同的加权系数集合，该误差值的分布是动态的。 一组系数用于处理具有第一图像特性的像素，并且第二组系数被用于处理具有第二图像特性的像素。